{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3139902403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026553228500200202","title":"Item response theory","display_name":"Item response theory","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3139902403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026553228500200202","mag":"3139902403"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/026553228500200202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026553228500200202","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026553228500200202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10038439","display_name":"Language Testing","issn_l":"0265-5322","issn":["0265-5322","1477-0946"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Language Testing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112097738","display_name":"Anthony Woods","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Woods","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Reading"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Reading","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006047862","display_name":"Rosemary Baker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rosemary Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Edinburgh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8412,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92487658,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"2","first_page":"117","last_page":"140"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12884","display_name":"Educational Assessment and Pedagogy","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/item-response-theory","display_name":"item response theory","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rasch-model","display_name":"Rasch model","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-item-design","display_name":"exam question design","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/item-selection","display_name":"item selection","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/item-properties","display_name":"item properties","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychometrics","display_name":"psychometrics","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/item-response-analysis","display_name":"item response analysis","score":0.38499999046325684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101266164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2131821","display_name":"Rasch model","level":2,"score":0.937849223613739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19875794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207340","display_name":"Item response theory","level":3,"score":0.8902758359909058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.6451157331466675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6218932867050171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.586024820804596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181447626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224359","display_name":"Differential item functioning","level":4,"score":0.554286003112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140390113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389391","display_name":"Classical test theory","level":4,"score":0.5359220504760742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.534652829170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.5281772017478943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5000128746032715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.4469192326068878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4425327479839325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74143277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705812","display_name":"Test theory","level":3,"score":0.4424252212047577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49453240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592163","display_name":"Construct validity","level":3,"score":0.44113290309906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.30425846576690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.1316746473312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.1001439094543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07776519656181335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/026553228500200202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026553228500200202","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026553228500200202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10038439","display_name":"Language Testing","issn_l":"0265-5322","issn":["0265-5322","1477-0946"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Language Testing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017410258","https://openalex.org/W2041080438","https://openalex.org/W2051522081","https://openalex.org/W2068650519","https://openalex.org/W2104704487","https://openalex.org/W2127374659","https://openalex.org/W2146924441","https://openalex.org/W2159514155"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7223435858","https://openalex.org/W3210911051","https://openalex.org/W7099238091","https://openalex.org/W4285131269","https://openalex.org/W4245718362","https://openalex.org/W178313136","https://openalex.org/W205294063","https://openalex.org/W4236424482","https://openalex.org/W2794242950","https://openalex.org/W2365201120"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"perennial":[1],"problem":[2],"for":[3],"language":[4],"testers":[5],"is":[6],"the":[7,22,26,55,60,79,112,116],"need":[8,23],"to":[9,24,45,48,54],"construct":[10],"and":[11,105],"select":[12],"test":[13],"items":[14,29],"with":[15],"'good'":[16],"properties.":[17],"The":[18],"difficulty":[19],"lies":[20],"in":[21,41,92],"assess":[25],"properties":[27],"of":[28,37,64,74,88,96],"by":[30,50,84,109],"trying":[31],"them":[32],"out":[33],"on":[34,111],"a":[35,70,93],"sample":[36],"subjects":[38],"whose":[39],"abilities,":[40],"turn,":[42],"it":[43],"ought":[44],"be":[46],"possible":[47],"measure":[49],"observing":[51],"their":[52,106],"response":[53,66],"items.":[56],"This":[57],"paper":[58],"discusses":[59],"more":[61],"important":[62],"concepts":[63,102],"item":[65],"theory":[67],"(IRT)":[68],"-":[69],"technique,":[71],"or":[72],"set":[73],"tech":[75],"niques,":[76],"developed":[77],"over":[78],"last":[80],"25":[81],"years,":[82],"mainly":[83],"psychometricians.":[85],"(An":[86],"application":[87],"IRT":[89,114],"was":[90],"discussed":[91],"recent":[94],"issue":[95],"this":[97],"journal":[98],"(Henning,":[99],"(1984).)":[100],"Basic":[101],"are":[103],"introduced":[104],"implications":[107],"considered":[108],"concentrating":[110],"simplest":[113],"tool,":[115],"Rasch":[117],"(1960)":[118],"Model.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-04-13T00:00:00"}
