{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3138052084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejme2101131","title":"The AMP Trials \u2014 A Glass Half Full","display_name":"The AMP Trials \u2014 A Glass Half Full","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3138052084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejme2101131","mag":"3138052084","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33730459"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejme2101131","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejme2101131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejme2101131","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"editorial","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016518899","display_name":"Bruce D. Walker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6122-9245","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6122-9245","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8506-6740"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802422659","display_name":"Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard","ror":"https://ror.org/053r20n13","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2802422659","https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bruce D. Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA","Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802422659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802422659"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016518899"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802422659"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"384","issue":"11","first_page":"1068","last_page":"1069"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11016","display_name":"Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broadly-neutralizing-antibodies","display_name":"broadly neutralizing antibodies","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-vaccine","display_name":"HIV vaccine","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/envelope-glycoprotein","display_name":"envelope glycoprotein","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutralizing-epitopes","display_name":"neutralizing epitopes","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affinity-maturation","display_name":"affinity maturation","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-history-of-hiv","display_name":"natural history of HIV","score":0.42800000309944153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.7436491847038269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14086860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337120","display_name":"Neutralization","level":3,"score":0.7325266003608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6693382263183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.6653460264205933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195616568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128711","display_name":"Epitope","level":3,"score":0.6252289414405823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781270358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5885594","display_name":"Holy Grail","level":2,"score":0.6230920553207397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.6145378947257996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5264497399330139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909828532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1479804","display_name":"AIDS Vaccines","level":4,"score":0.5179170966148376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.46293917298316956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.40847885608673096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.286879301071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778190748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7907956","display_name":"Vaccine trial","level":3,"score":0.11371514201164246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07009461522102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.06923937797546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006679","descriptor_name":"HIV Seropositivity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015497","descriptor_name":"HIV-1","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057134","descriptor_name":"Antibodies, Neutralizing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejme2101131","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejme2101131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejme2101131","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33730459","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33730459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The New England journal of medicine","raw_type":"Editorial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1413161224","https://openalex.org/W2200798239","https://openalex.org/W2595849159","https://openalex.org/W3111050887","https://openalex.org/W3138945586"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3212037404","https://openalex.org/W2884366659","https://openalex.org/W3217081325","https://openalex.org/W7213239899","https://openalex.org/W2010765813","https://openalex.org/W7096396332","https://openalex.org/W235279166","https://openalex.org/W3186505124","https://openalex.org/W4382601517","https://openalex.org/W3039215568"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Induction":[0],"of":[1,49,88],"broadly":[2],"neutralizing":[3],"antibodies":[4,50],"(bnAbs)":[5],"is":[6],"considered":[7],"the":[8,23,42,47,58,85],"holy":[9],"grail":[10],"for":[11,46],"a":[12,67],"preventive":[13],"human":[14],"immunodeficiency":[15],"virus":[16],"(HIV)":[17],"vaccine,":[18],"but":[19],"four":[20],"decades":[21],"into":[22],"HIV":[24,63,76],"pandemic,":[25],"this":[26],"goal":[27],"has":[28,79],"still":[29],"not":[30],"been":[31,93],"achieved.":[32],"Success":[33],"will":[34],"probably":[35],"require":[36],"multiple":[37],"sequential":[38],"immunogens":[39],"to":[40],"guide":[41],"affinity":[43],"maturation":[44],"needed":[45],"induction":[48],"that":[51,91],"can":[52],"target":[53],"well-concealed":[54],"neutralization":[55],"epitopes":[56],"on":[57],"heavily":[59],"glycosylated,":[60],"highly":[61],"variable":[62],"envelope":[64],"protein1":[65],"\u2014":[66],"formidable":[68],"task.":[69],"In":[70],"contrast,":[71],"in":[72],"some":[73],"persons":[74],"with":[75],"infection,":[77],"nature":[78],"achieved":[80],"what":[81],"vaccines":[82],"have":[83,92,96],"not:":[84],"gradual":[86],"generation":[87],"potent":[89],"bnAbs":[90],"cloned":[94],"and":[95],"shown":[97],"antiviral":[98],"efficacy":[99],".":[100,101,102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-03-29T00:00:00"}