{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3138030356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.645488","title":"Cortisol Co-Secretion and Clinical Usefulness of ACTH Stimulation Test in Primary Aldosteronism: A Systematic Review and Biases in Epidemiological Studies","display_name":"Cortisol Co-Secretion and Clinical Usefulness of ACTH Stimulation Test in Primary Aldosteronism: A Systematic Review and Biases in Epidemiological Studies","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3138030356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.645488","mag":"3138030356","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33796078","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8008473"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.645488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.645488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.645488","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.645488/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597401208","display_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","issn_l":"1664-2392","issn":["1664-2392"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.645488/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090650053","display_name":"Kosuke Inoue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9614-8103","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9614-8103"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131967","display_name":"Yokohama Rosai Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03na8p459","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131967"]}],"countries":["JP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kosuke Inoue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States","Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064116295","display_name":"Takumi Kitamoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9457-267X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9457-267X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131967","display_name":"Yokohama Rosai Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03na8p459","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131967"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["JP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takumi Kitamoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States","Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019024662","display_name":"Yuya Tsurutani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5831-3286","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5831-3286"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131967","display_name":"Yokohama Rosai Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03na8p459","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131967"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuya Tsurutani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058529912","display_name":"Jun Saito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5090-5893","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5090-5893"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131967","display_name":"Yokohama Rosai Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03na8p459","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131967"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Saito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021311208","display_name":"Masao Omura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5149-531X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5149-531X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131967","display_name":"Yokohama Rosai Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03na8p459","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131967"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masao Omura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131967"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058985043","display_name":"Tetsuo Nishikawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-7368","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-7368"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131967","display_name":"Yokohama Rosai Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03na8p459","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131967"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tetsuo Nishikawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131967"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058985043"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131967"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":0.5909,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53372434,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"645488","last_page":"645488"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11839","display_name":"Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11839","display_name":"Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12421","display_name":"Adrenal Hormones and Disorders","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11054","display_name":"Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-aldosteronism","display_name":"primary aldosteronism","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acth-stimulation-test","display_name":"ACTH stimulation test","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aldosterone-producing-adenoma","display_name":"aldosterone-producing adenoma","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis","display_name":"hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kcnj5-mutation","display_name":"KCNJ5 mutation","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension","display_name":"hypertension","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confounding","display_name":"confounding","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overadjustment","display_name":"overadjustment","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection-bias","display_name":"selection bias","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-bias","display_name":"information bias","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling-bias","display_name":"sampling bias","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-testing","display_name":"diagnostic testing","score":0.31299999356269836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1939330","display_name":"Primary aldosteronism","level":3,"score":0.9817674160003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778525890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184564","display_name":"Aldosterone","level":2,"score":0.7536269426345825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5399376153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5116284489631653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.47398391366004944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780546910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185690","display_name":"Adrenocorticotropic hormone","level":3,"score":0.4699661433696747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908929049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65963433","display_name":"Angiotensin II","level":3,"score":0.442015677690506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777428134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272741","display_name":"Adenoma","level":2,"score":0.4177592396736145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778914232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4684749","display_name":"Adrenal adenoma","level":3,"score":0.41216665506362915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71315377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364","display_name":"Hormone","level":2,"score":0.1471385657787323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.08037528395652771}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000324","descriptor_name":"Adrenocorticotropic Hormone","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000450","descriptor_name":"Aldosterone","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006854","descriptor_name":"Hydrocortisone","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006929","descriptor_name":"Hyperaldosteronism","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006929","descriptor_name":"Hyperaldosteronism","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006929","descriptor_name":"Hyperaldosteronism","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007030","descriptor_name":"Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010913","descriptor_name":"Pituitary-Adrenal System","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016021","descriptor_name":"Epidemiologic Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.645488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.645488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.645488","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.645488/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597401208","display_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","issn_l":"1664-2392","issn":["1664-2392"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33796078","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33796078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in endocrinology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8008473","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8008473/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b30fa4e29d2442a2a23bff8d07412177","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b30fa4e29d2442a2a23bff8d07412177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 12 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.645488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.645488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.645488","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.645488/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597401208","display_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","issn_l":"1664-2392","issn":["1664-2392"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5543969571","display_name":"Effects of Chronic Kidney Disease on Cardiovascular Disease and Dementia Among People with Diabetes: Causal Modeling with Machine Learning Approach","funder_award_id":"F99DK126119","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3138030356.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3138030356.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1605426740","https://openalex.org/W1862205625","https://openalex.org/W1923553208","https://openalex.org/W1968024906","https://openalex.org/W1978209044","https://openalex.org/W1981486350","https://openalex.org/W1987584539","https://openalex.org/W1992882281","https://openalex.org/W1994791246","https://openalex.org/W2004602029","https://openalex.org/W2008218942","https://openalex.org/W2032582841","https://openalex.org/W2048796399","https://openalex.org/W2062594082","https://openalex.org/W2065645532","https://openalex.org/W2068138006","https://openalex.org/W2068907080","https://openalex.org/W2073363312","https://openalex.org/W2073605969","https://openalex.org/W2085822292","https://openalex.org/W2109111616","https://openalex.org/W2111582520","https://openalex.org/W2127992265","https://openalex.org/W2129911320","https://openalex.org/W2136936562","https://openalex.org/W2143993320","https://openalex.org/W2147623448","https://openalex.org/W2152681812","https://openalex.org/W2156939318","https://openalex.org/W2166252218","https://openalex.org/W2169710312","https://openalex.org/W2180775593","https://openalex.org/W2193561325","https://openalex.org/W2290633895","https://openalex.org/W2317844196","https://openalex.org/W2321167590","https://openalex.org/W2323650856","https://openalex.org/W2400033729","https://openalex.org/W2404245529","https://openalex.org/W2417350999","https://openalex.org/W2466989778","https://openalex.org/W2477019842","https://openalex.org/W2525232398","https://openalex.org/W2573330445","https://openalex.org/W2606339763","https://openalex.org/W2606392225","https://openalex.org/W2606853105","https://openalex.org/W2611136454","https://openalex.org/W2735301415","https://openalex.org/W2767197557","https://openalex.org/W2767199545","https://openalex.org/W2767799851","https://openalex.org/W2792594383","https://openalex.org/W2818417770","https://openalex.org/W2884448011","https://openalex.org/W2885285623","https://openalex.org/W2887100951","https://openalex.org/W2900016969","https://openalex.org/W2908790876","https://openalex.org/W2913638577","https://openalex.org/W2921495327","https://openalex.org/W2922008461","https://openalex.org/W2939049266","https://openalex.org/W2944801976","https://openalex.org/W2948419589","https://openalex.org/W2953682266","https://openalex.org/W2965910045","https://openalex.org/W2967845885","https://openalex.org/W3021941778","https://openalex.org/W3024161615","https://openalex.org/W3024473406","https://openalex.org/W3035323880","https://openalex.org/W3069557718","https://openalex.org/W3081281149","https://openalex.org/W3081918013","https://openalex.org/W3086363864","https://openalex.org/W3091163086","https://openalex.org/W3116047427","https://openalex.org/W4240211860","https://openalex.org/W4294553991"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169710312","https://openalex.org/W3158977789","https://openalex.org/W2321167590","https://openalex.org/W3171868830","https://openalex.org/W2611136454","https://openalex.org/W6939678144","https://openalex.org/W2321403889","https://openalex.org/W2477019842","https://openalex.org/W6958267278","https://openalex.org/W2525232398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,104],"hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal":[1],"(HPA)":[2],"axis":[3,284],"plays":[4],"an":[5],"important":[6,157],"role":[7],"in":[8,20,46,90,127,137,172,207,241],"primary":[9,47,121,173,190,208,220,296],"aldosteronism.":[10,191,297],"Aldosterone":[11],"biosynthesis":[12],"is":[13,156],"regulated":[14],"not":[15,71,133],"only":[16],"by":[17,26],"angiotensin":[18],"II":[19],"the":[21,32,36,53,93,118,145,160,166,177,186,212,217,242,278,282,289],"renin-angiotensin-aldosterone":[22],"system,":[23],"but":[24,130],"also":[25],"adrenocorticotropic":[27],"hormone":[28],"(ACTH),":[29],"one":[30],"of":[31,35,56,88,120,148,169,189,200,219,258,288],"key":[33],"components":[34],"HPA":[37,283],"axis.":[38],"Although":[39],"previous":[40,243],"studies":[41,202,244],"have":[42],"reported":[43,110],"cortisol":[44,60,170,205],"cosecretion":[45,61,206],"aldosteronism,":[48],"particularly":[49],"aldosterone-producing":[50],"adenoma":[51],"(APA),":[52],"clinical":[54,138,286],"relevance":[55],"such":[57],"aldosterone":[58,89,94],"and":[59,64,80,92,152,175,210,238,245,260,274,285],"from":[62],"APA":[63],"hypertension":[65],"or":[66],"other":[67],"metabolic":[68],"disorders":[69],"has":[70,108,132],"been":[72,109,134],"fully":[73],"established.":[74],"Several":[75],"somatic":[76],"mutations":[77],"including":[78],"KCNJ5":[79],"CACNA1D":[81],"are":[82],"known":[83],"to":[84,96,101,111,116,141,158,164,182,251,269],"induce":[85],"autonomous":[86],"production":[87],"APA,":[91],"responsiveness":[95],"ACTH":[97,105,178,213,290],"may":[98],"vary":[99],"according":[100],"each":[102],"mutation.":[103],"stimulation":[106,179,214,291],"test":[107,180,215,292],"be":[112,183],"a":[113,197],"useful":[114],"tool":[115],"distinguish":[117],"subtypes":[119],"aldosteronism":[122,174,209,221],"(e.g.,":[123,230],"unilateral":[124],"vs":[125],"bilateral)":[126],"some":[128,247],"studies,":[129],"it":[131,155],"commonly":[135],"applied":[136],"practice":[139],"due":[140],"limited":[142],"evidence.":[143],"Given":[144],"recent":[146],"advancement":[147],"imaging,":[149],"omics":[150],"research,":[151],"computational":[153],"approach,":[154],"summarize":[159],"most":[161],"updated":[162],"evidence":[163,273],"disentangle":[165],"potential":[167,228],"impact":[168],"excess":[171],"whether":[176],"needs":[181],"considered":[184],"during":[185],"diagnostic":[187],"process":[188],"In":[192],"this":[193,264],"article,":[194],"we":[195,226],"conducted":[196],"systematic":[198],"review":[199],"epidemiological":[201,261],"about":[203,277],"(i)":[204],"(ii)":[211],"for":[216],"diagnosis":[218],"(including":[222],"subtype":[223],"diagnosis).":[224],"Then,":[225],"discussed":[227],"biases":[229,259],"confounding":[231],"bias,":[232,235,237],"overadjustment,":[233],"information":[234],"selection":[236],"sampling":[239],"bias)":[240],"introduced":[246],"advanced":[248],"epidemiological/statistical":[249],"methods":[250],"minimize":[252],"these":[253],"limitations.":[254],"A":[255],"better":[256],"understanding":[257],"perspective":[262],"on":[263],"topic":[265],"would":[266],"allow":[267],"us":[268],"produce":[270],"further":[271],"robust":[272],"balanced":[275],"discussion":[276],"causal":[279],"mechanisms":[280],"involving":[281],"usefulness":[287],"among":[293],"patients":[294],"with":[295]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2021-03-29T00:00:00"}
