{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3136772047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2103.10021","title":"Secure Watermark for Deep Neural Networks with Multi-task Learning","display_name":"Secure Watermark for Deep Neural Networks with Multi-task Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3136772047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2103.10021","mag":"3136772047"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2103.10021","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.10021","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.10021","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.10021","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023015254","display_name":"Fangqi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7965-5170","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7965-5170"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Fangqi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University ,","Shanghai Jiao Tong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101717685","display_name":"Shilin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8214-6809","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8214-6809"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Shilin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University ,","Shanghai Jiao Tong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.7329000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.7329000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.08250000327825546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.07750000059604645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-network-watermarking","display_name":"deep neural network watermarking","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-task-learning","display_name":"multi-task learning","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authorship-attribution","display_name":"authorship attribution","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-ownership-verification","display_name":"model ownership verification","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark-embedding","display_name":"watermark embedding","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"regularization","score":0.3610000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8009955883026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.7194873690605164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6681995391845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.656734824180603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6438374519348145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6046802997589111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.5595535039901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5281574726104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5183687806129456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.5050497651100159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.46684274077415466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4585648775100708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4565664231777191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.41973087191581726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.4065421223640442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.19676125049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08514982461929321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2103.10021","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.10021","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.10021","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2103.10021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2103.10021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2103.10021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2103.10021","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.10021","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.10021","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W45372631","https://openalex.org/W1904365287","https://openalex.org/W1940872118","https://openalex.org/W2007339694","https://openalex.org/W2110379134","https://openalex.org/W2113459411","https://openalex.org/W2126087831","https://openalex.org/W2156580773","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2251939518","https://openalex.org/W2401551220","https://openalex.org/W2579318729","https://openalex.org/W2768064608","https://openalex.org/W2770541105","https://openalex.org/W2787752464","https://openalex.org/W2806082141","https://openalex.org/W2807363941","https://openalex.org/W2809523935","https://openalex.org/W2890538051","https://openalex.org/W2897830718","https://openalex.org/W2899533082","https://openalex.org/W2912290085","https://openalex.org/W2913340405","https://openalex.org/W2934843808","https://openalex.org/W2935349488","https://openalex.org/W2940612399","https://openalex.org/W2951884431","https://openalex.org/W2952348804","https://openalex.org/W2954996726","https://openalex.org/W2956612537","https://openalex.org/W2963677766","https://openalex.org/W2963771448","https://openalex.org/W2963855133","https://openalex.org/W2964128659","https://openalex.org/W2964241181","https://openalex.org/W2964282938","https://openalex.org/W2964411643","https://openalex.org/W2965565691","https://openalex.org/W2977311825","https://openalex.org/W2982323300","https://openalex.org/W2985580374","https://openalex.org/W2985913519","https://openalex.org/W2985954225","https://openalex.org/W2986013765","https://openalex.org/W3000748076","https://openalex.org/W3006874538","https://openalex.org/W3031856220","https://openalex.org/W3041293089","https://openalex.org/W3044604993","https://openalex.org/W3083615244","https://openalex.org/W3092793669","https://openalex.org/W3102111060","https://openalex.org/W3118608800","https://openalex.org/W3121478722","https://openalex.org/W3133636092","https://openalex.org/W3156011647","https://openalex.org/W3158240034","https://openalex.org/W3168409739","https://openalex.org/W6893675597"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2040356834","https://openalex.org/W2080353903","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2381486749","https://openalex.org/W1514507288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"neural":[1,23,41,107],"networks":[2,42,65],"are":[3,134],"playing":[4],"an":[5,126],"important":[6,34],"role":[7],"in":[8,36,180],"many":[9],"real-life":[10],"applications.":[11],"After":[12],"being":[13],"trained":[14],"with":[15,30,139],"abundant":[16],"data":[17],"and":[18,38,84,101,137,174],"computing":[19],"resources,":[20],"a":[21,113,152,177],"deep":[22,40,106,181],"network":[24,108],"model":[25,183],"providing":[26],"service":[27],"is":[28,43,144,156,171],"endowed":[29],"economic":[31],"value.":[32],"An":[33],"prerequisite":[35],"commercializing":[37],"protecting":[39],"the":[44,59,64,76,82,94,98,103,122,131,142,160,168],"reliable":[45],"identification":[46],"of":[47,97,105,130],"their":[48],"genuine":[49],"author.":[50],"To":[51,91],"meet":[52,74,93],"this":[53],"goal,":[54],"watermarking":[55,109],"schemes":[56,71],"that":[57,167],"embed":[58],"author's":[60],"identity":[61],"information":[62],"into":[63],"have":[66],"been":[67],"proposed.":[68],"However,":[69],"current":[70],"can":[72],"hardly":[73],"all":[75],"necessary":[77],"requirements":[78,100,133],"for":[79,89],"securely":[80],"proving":[81],"authorship":[83],"mostly":[85],"focus":[86],"on":[87,117],"models":[88],"classification.":[90],"explicitly":[92,135],"formal":[95],"definitions":[96],"security":[99,132],"increase":[102],"applicability":[104],"schemes,":[110],"we":[111],"propose":[112],"new":[114],"framework":[115],"based":[116],"multi-task":[118],"learning.":[119],"By":[120],"treating":[121],"watermark":[123],"embedding":[124],"as":[125],"extra":[127],"task,":[128],"most":[129],"formulated":[136],"met":[138],"well-designed":[140],"regularizers,":[141],"rest":[143],"guaranteed":[145],"by":[146],"using":[147],"components":[148],"from":[149],"cryptography.":[150],"Moreover,":[151],"decentralized":[153],"verification":[154],"protocol":[155],"proposed":[157,169],"to":[158],"standardize":[159],"ownership":[161],"verification.":[162],"The":[163],"experiment":[164],"results":[165],"show":[166],"scheme":[170],"flexible,":[172],"secure,":[173],"robust,":[175],"hence":[176],"promising":[178],"candidate":[179],"learning":[182],"protection.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}