{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3136572227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000001229","title":"Red Meat Consumption and Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Population With Low Meat Consumption: The Golestan Cohort Study","display_name":"Red Meat Consumption and Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Population With Low Meat Consumption: The Golestan Cohort Study","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3136572227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000001229","mag":"3136572227","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33767101","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8460710"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000001229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000001229","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000001229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66441642","display_name":"The American Journal of Gastroenterology","issn_l":"0002-9270","issn":["0002-9270","1572-0241"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8460710/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091686227","display_name":"Maryam Hashemian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9702-9752","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9702-9752"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104579289","display_name":"Utica College","ror":"https://ror.org/002ygss10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104579289"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403928394","display_name":"Digestive Disease Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04pgf7495","country_code":"IR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maryam Hashemian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Biology, School of Art and Sciences, Utica College, Utica, New York, USA;","Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Biology, School of Art and Sciences, Utica College, Utica, New York, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104579289"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062397102","display_name":"Shahin Merat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8088-6723","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8088-6723"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403928394","display_name":"Digestive Disease Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04pgf7495","country_code":"IR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahin Merat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051406372","display_name":"Hossein Poustchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4566-3628","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4566-3628","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9058-9936"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403928394","display_name":"Digestive Disease Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04pgf7495","country_code":"IR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Poustchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103147763","display_name":"Elham Jafari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8629-5852","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8629-5852"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403928394","display_name":"Digestive Disease Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04pgf7495","country_code":"IR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elham Jafari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012158643","display_name":"Amir-Reza Radmard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108448","display_name":"Shariati Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01rb4vv49","country_code":"IR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108448"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir-Reza Radmard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108448","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010269022","display_name":"Farin Kamangar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4169-7978","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4169-7978"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403928394","display_name":"Digestive Disease Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04pgf7495","country_code":"IR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83909951","display_name":"Morgan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/017d8gk22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83909951"]}],"countries":["IR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farin Kamangar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, School of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;","Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, School of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83909951"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089976309","display_name":"Neal D. Freedman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0074-1098","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0074-1098"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012607","display_name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics","ror":"https://ror.org/00vkwep27","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884","https://openalex.org/I4391012607"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neal Freedman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884","https://openalex.org/I4391012607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026487869","display_name":"Azita Hekmatdoost","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1944-0052","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1944-0052"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107800","display_name":"National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02fgvvg92","country_code":"IR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107800"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48379061","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University","ror":"https://ror.org/0091vmj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48379061"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58048189","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034m2b326","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azita Hekmatdoost","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107800","https://openalex.org/I48379061","https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016676149","display_name":"Mahdi Sheikh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3972-7824","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3972-7824"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105654","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185","country_code":"CH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42237331","display_name":"Centre international de recherche sur le cancer","ror":"https://ror.org/00v452281","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654","https://openalex.org/I42237331"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403928394","display_name":"Digestive Disease Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04pgf7495","country_code":"IR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["CH","FR","IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahdi Sheikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;","Genetic Epidemiology Group, Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, the World Health Organization, Lyon, France;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Genetic Epidemiology Group, Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, the World Health Organization, Lyon, France;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654","https://openalex.org/I42237331"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021007602","display_name":"Paolo Boffetta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3811-2791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3811-2791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Boffetta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084125220","display_name":"Rashmi R. Sinha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2466-7462","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2466-7462"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012607","display_name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics","ror":"https://ror.org/00vkwep27","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884","https://openalex.org/I4391012607"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashmi Sinha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884","https://openalex.org/I4391012607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072634086","display_name":"Sanford M. Dawsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2185-0533","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2185-0533"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012607","display_name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics","ror":"https://ror.org/00vkwep27","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884","https://openalex.org/I4391012607"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanford M. Dawsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884","https://openalex.org/I4391012607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012823292","display_name":"Christian C. Abnet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3008-7843","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3008-7843"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012607","display_name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics","ror":"https://ror.org/00vkwep27","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884","https://openalex.org/I4391012607"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian C. Abnet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884","https://openalex.org/I4391012607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014214187","display_name":"Reza Malekzadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1043-3814","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1043-3814","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-6335"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403928394","display_name":"Digestive Disease Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04pgf7495","country_code":"IR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Reza Malekzadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043333297","display_name":"Arash Etemadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3458-1072","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3458-1072"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012607","display_name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics","ror":"https://ror.org/00vkwep27","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884","https://openalex.org/I4391012607"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403928394","display_name":"Digestive Disease Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04pgf7495","country_code":"IR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arash Etemadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;","Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884","https://openalex.org/I4391012607"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":14,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014214187","https://openalex.org/A5091686227"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104579289","https://openalex.org/I4403928394","https://openalex.org/I70640408"],"apc_list":{"value":4390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4390},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9304,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96822378,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"116","issue":"8","first_page":"1667","last_page":"1675"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10351","display_name":"Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.6898999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10351","display_name":"Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.6898999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10866","display_name":"Nutritional Studies and Diet","score":0.2971000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12964","display_name":"Diet, Metabolism, and Disease","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease","display_name":"non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-meat-consumption","display_name":"red meat consumption","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-meat-consumption","display_name":"white meat consumption","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-risk-factors","display_name":"dietary risk factors","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alanine-transaminase-elevation","display_name":"alanine transaminase elevation","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/golestan-cohort-study","display_name":"Golestan Cohort Study","score":0.9110000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8821268677711487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186151877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3315904","display_name":"White meat","level":2,"score":0.7925916910171509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778089274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3243069","display_name":"Red meat","level":2,"score":0.7871981859207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776954865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1546498","display_name":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","level":4,"score":0.6567316055297852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.6099265217781067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5341094732284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778772119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6058862","display_name":"Fatty liver","level":3,"score":0.5267238616943359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5211113095283508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68443243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2786686","display_name":"Quartile","level":3,"score":0.5028261542320251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.4552241563796997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.37375056743621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.2050912082195282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.1736580729484558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.16710606217384338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.10689133405685425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0768076479434967}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004032","descriptor_name":"Diet","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007492","descriptor_name":"Iran","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008460","descriptor_name":"Meat","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015930","descriptor_name":"Diet Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065626","descriptor_name":"Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000001229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000001229","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000001229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66441642","display_name":"The American Journal of Gastroenterology","issn_l":"0002-9270","issn":["0002-9270","1572-0241"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33767101","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33767101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American journal of gastroenterology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8460710","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8460710/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Am J Gastroenterol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/870665","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11585/870665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8460710","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8460710/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Am J Gastroenterol","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000884411","display_name":"Human Studies of Diet and Nutrition","funder_award_id":"ZIACP000101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307856","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319985","display_name":"Cancer Research UK","ror":"https://ror.org/054225q67"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179374836","https://openalex.org/W219621047","https://openalex.org/W1147050311","https://openalex.org/W1622799587","https://openalex.org/W1929795141","https://openalex.org/W1976173209","https://openalex.org/W2010450923","https://openalex.org/W2013955639","https://openalex.org/W2019810874","https://openalex.org/W2042288802","https://openalex.org/W2043118413","https://openalex.org/W2045242418","https://openalex.org/W2048613643","https://openalex.org/W2060117605","https://openalex.org/W2078599166","https://openalex.org/W2099359251","https://openalex.org/W2121509250","https://openalex.org/W2124915821","https://openalex.org/W2137994899","https://openalex.org/W2139464173","https://openalex.org/W2142052994","https://openalex.org/W2144591738","https://openalex.org/W2146417611","https://openalex.org/W2509085588","https://openalex.org/W2549659291","https://openalex.org/W2604304170","https://openalex.org/W2613130362","https://openalex.org/W2736566316","https://openalex.org/W2756664690","https://openalex.org/W2759997926","https://openalex.org/W2760228065","https://openalex.org/W2794354514","https://openalex.org/W2809231540","https://openalex.org/W2811307838","https://openalex.org/W2885346758","https://openalex.org/W2907395602","https://openalex.org/W2907493655","https://openalex.org/W2920962417","https://openalex.org/W2969273075","https://openalex.org/W2975965901","https://openalex.org/W3002179283","https://openalex.org/W3019039084","https://openalex.org/W3106954449","https://openalex.org/W3143409077"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3029989823","https://openalex.org/W3163594528","https://openalex.org/W4254369400","https://openalex.org/W4293769837","https://openalex.org/W4211235338","https://openalex.org/W4214508711","https://openalex.org/W4200425566","https://openalex.org/W4389389261","https://openalex.org/W4395673138","https://openalex.org/W2975965901"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Nonalcoholic":[1],"fatty":[2],"liver":[3,10],"disease":[4,11],"(NAFLD),":[5],"as":[6,105],"the":[7,13,24,34,98,102,106,225,241],"most":[8],"common":[9],"in":[12,33,48,72,76,224],"world,":[14],"can":[15],"range":[16],"from":[17],"simple":[18],"steatosis":[19],"to":[20,115,244],"steatohepatitis.":[21],"We":[22],"evaluated":[23],"association":[25,247],"between":[26,248],"meat":[27,85,90,132,138,163,180,230,250],"consumption":[28,86,91,164,181,205,219,251],"and":[29,87,120,135,151,178,252],"risk":[30],"of":[31,67,129,153,220,228,236],"NAFLD":[32,78,253],"Golestan":[35],"Cohort":[36],"Study":[37],"(GCS).":[38],"METHODS:":[39],"The":[40,126],"GCS":[41,99],"enrolled":[42],"50,045":[43],"participants,":[44],"aged":[45],"40-75":[46],"years":[47],"Iran.":[49],"Dietary":[50],"information":[51],"was":[52,79,133,139],"collected":[53],"using":[54],"a":[55,73],"116-item":[56],"semiquantitative":[57],"food":[58],"frequency":[59],"questionnaire":[60],"at":[61,233],"baseline":[62],"(2004-2008).":[63],"A":[64],"random":[65],"sample":[66],"1,612":[68],"cohort":[69],"members":[70],"participated":[71],"liver-focused":[74],"study":[75,243],"2011.":[77],"ascertained":[80],"through":[81],"ultrasound.":[82],"Total":[83,199],"red":[84,131,162,221,229],"total":[88,130,136,161],"white":[89,137,200],"were":[92,113,147,195,232],"categorized":[93],"into":[94],"quartiles":[95],"based":[96],"on":[97],"population,":[100],"with":[101,149,197,211,217],"first":[103,242],"quartile":[104],"referent":[107],"group.":[108],"Multivariable":[109],"logistic":[110],"regression":[111],"models":[112],"used":[114],"estimate":[116],"odds":[117,235],"ratios":[118],"(ORs)":[119],"95%":[121,170,187],"confidence":[122],"intervals":[123],"(CIs).":[124],"RESULTS:":[125],"median":[127],"intake":[128,231],"17":[134],"53":[140],"g/d.":[141],"During":[142],"follow-up,":[143],"505":[144],"individuals":[145,223],"(37.7%)":[146],"diagnosed":[148],"NAFLD,":[150],"124":[152],"them":[154],"(9.2%)":[155],"had":[156],"elevated":[157],"alanine":[158],"transaminase.":[159],"High":[160],"(ORQ4":[165,182],"vs":[166,183],"Q1":[167,184],"=":[168,172,176,185,189,193],"1.59,":[169],"CI":[171,188],"1.06-2.38,":[173],"P":[174,191],"trend":[175,192],"0.03)":[177],"organ":[179,249],"1.70,":[186],"1.19-2.44,":[190],"0.003)":[194],"associated":[196],"NAFLD.":[198,212,237],"meat,":[201,222],"chicken,":[202],"or":[203],"fish":[204],"did":[206],"not":[207],"show":[208,245],"significant":[209],"associations":[210],"DISCUSSION:":[213],"In":[214],"this":[215,239],"population":[216],"low":[218],"highest":[226],"group":[227],"increased":[234],"Furthermore,":[238],"is":[240],"an":[246],"(see":[254],"Visual":[255],"Abstract,":[256],"http://links.lww.com/AJG/B944).":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2021-03-29T00:00:00"}
