{"id":"https://openalex.org/W31365698","doi":null,"title":"Empowerment and identity : the middle class and Hindu communalism in colonial Lucknow, 1880-1930","display_name":"Empowerment and identity : the middle class and Hindu communalism in colonial Lucknow, 1880-1930","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W31365698","mag":"31365698"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.upenn.edu:dissertations-7839","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations/AAI9543096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196331","display_name":"Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","host_organization_name":"University of Pennsylvania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations available from ProQuest","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103550684","display_name":"Sanjay Joshi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sanjay Joshi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103550684"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12949","display_name":"South Asian Studies and Diaspora","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12949","display_name":"South Asian Studies and Diaspora","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14141","display_name":"Colonial History and Postcolonial Studies","score":0.011699999682605267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13902","display_name":"Indian History and Philosophy","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respectability","display_name":"respectability","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-sphere","display_name":"public sphere","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hindu-muslim-relations","display_name":"Hindu-Muslim relations","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/british-india","display_name":"colonial India","score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-class-politics","display_name":"middle-class politics","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity-development","display_name":"identity construction","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educated-elites","display_name":"educated elites","score":0.45100000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777609129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2705134","display_name":"Communalism","level":3,"score":0.8836077451705933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46610780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9089","display_name":"Hinduism","level":2,"score":0.8412357568740845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C531593650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7167","display_name":"Colonialism","level":2,"score":0.7372440695762634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20555606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868575","display_name":"Empowerment","level":2,"score":0.6331298351287842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.6328462958335876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779233565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241588","display_name":"Middle class","level":2,"score":0.5872957706451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.46884334087371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.40368762612342834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3988330662250519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.32830798625946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24667770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34187","display_name":"Religious studies","level":1,"score":0.3271827697753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.14514482021331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.12267902493476868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.08695453405380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.upenn.edu:dissertations-7839","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations/AAI9543096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196331","display_name":"Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","host_organization_name":"University of Pennsylvania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations available from ProQuest","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:31365698","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7839&context=dissertations","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W435354529","https://openalex.org/W2488819804","https://openalex.org/W1586996774","https://openalex.org/W2479135361","https://openalex.org/W2470776465","https://openalex.org/W2621493396","https://openalex.org/W1897746608","https://openalex.org/W132507278","https://openalex.org/W186253558","https://openalex.org/W177606631","https://openalex.org/W637115389","https://openalex.org/W3096572078","https://openalex.org/W2030244015","https://openalex.org/W2031937471","https://openalex.org/W655899393","https://openalex.org/W3014746138","https://openalex.org/W3123589069","https://openalex.org/W1537655391","https://openalex.org/W2491638267","https://openalex.org/W612448638"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,197],"traces":[2],"the":[3,7,24,30,44,63,74,83,86,94,107,114,146,216,236,285,320],"circumstances":[4],"that":[5,61,181,203,248,312],"allowed":[6],"imagination":[8],"of":[9,26,49,62,68,85,93,96,110,128,148,154,198,220,226,235,239,289,306],"militant":[10,183,228,257,291],"Hindu":[11,134,144,155,168,184,229,258,292],"cultural":[12,207],"and":[13,20,37,51,65,89,116,131,206,218,267,287,303,326],"political":[14,205,268],"identities":[15,208,255,313],"in":[16,29,43,100,122,140,209,319],"Lucknow":[17],"between":[18],"1880":[19],"1930.":[21],"It":[22,163],"documents":[23],"efforts":[25],"men":[27,98],"active":[28,99],"public":[31,102,143,321],"sphere":[32,322],"to":[33,113,138,161,172,187,242,253,263,284],"create":[34],"a":[35,55,90,182,195,227,290],"larger":[36],"more":[38],"empowering":[39,150],"role":[40],"for":[41,53,126],"themselves":[42,54],"city":[45],"through":[46,316],"redefining":[47],"codes":[48],"respectability,":[50],"creating":[52],"middle":[56,135,221,250,307],"class":[57,136,222,251,277,308],"identity":[58,185,230],"distinct":[59],"from":[60,82,176],"traditional":[64],"new":[66],"elites":[67],"colonial":[69,87,120,210],"Lucknow,":[70,199],"as":[71,73,279,281],"well":[72],"lower":[75],"classes.":[76],"Based":[77],"on":[78,297],"empirical":[79],"data":[80],"gathered":[81],"archives":[84],"state,":[88],"close":[91,196],"reading":[92],"writings":[95],"educated":[97],"Lucknow's":[101],"sphere,":[103],"this":[104,200],"dissertation":[105,201],"describes":[106],"multiple":[108],"responses":[109],"such":[111,298],"activists":[112,137,169,252],"dislocations":[115],"possibilities":[117],"created":[118],"by":[119],"rule":[121],"Lucknow.":[123],"A":[124],"search":[125],"sources":[127],"greater":[129],"empowerment":[130,240],"respect":[132],"led":[133,261],"find":[139],"an":[141,149],"assertive,":[142],"religiosity,":[145],"locus":[147],"identity.":[151],"Such":[152],"constructions":[153],"religiosity":[156],"were":[157,212],"not":[158],"necessarily":[159],"antagonistic":[160],"Muslims.":[162,193],"was":[164,232],"at":[165],"times":[166],"when":[167],"perceived":[170],"challenges":[171],"their":[173,272,317],"hegemonic":[174],"projects":[175,178],"parallel":[177],"among":[179],"Muslims,":[180],"came":[186],"be":[188],"constructed":[189],"around":[190,256],"hostility":[191],"towards":[192],"Through":[194],"argues":[202],"modern":[204],"India":[211],"intimately":[213],"connected":[214],"with":[215],"concerns":[217,247],"politics":[219,288],"activists.":[223,244],"The":[224,245,300],"articulation":[225],"however,":[231],"only":[233],"one":[234],"many":[237],"modes":[238],"available":[241],"these":[243],"same":[246],"drove":[249],"articulate":[254],"constructions,":[259],"also":[260,294],"them":[262],"endorse":[264],"other":[265],"ideological":[266,304],"agenda":[269],"which":[270],"undercut":[271],"own":[273],"communal":[274],"constructions.":[275,299],"Middle":[276],"politics,":[278],"much":[280],"it":[282],"contributed":[283],"rhetoric":[286],"identity,":[293],"placed":[295],"limits":[296],"social":[301],"base":[302],"orientation":[305],"activists,":[309],"therefore":[310],"ensured":[311],"they":[314],"forged":[315],"interventions":[318],"remained":[323],"shifting,":[324],"protean":[325],"impermanent":[327],"constructs.":[328]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T07:41:36.138363","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
