{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3136428014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248563","title":"Comparison of common acute respiratory infection case definitions for identification of hospitalized influenza cases at a population-based surveillance site in Egypt","display_name":"Comparison of common acute respiratory infection case definitions for identification of hospitalized influenza cases at a population-based surveillance site in Egypt","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3136428014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248563","mag":"3136428014","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33765010","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7993808"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0248563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248563","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0248563&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0248563&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074240385","display_name":"Emily Rowlinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2436-1022","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2436-1022"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145566","display_name":"Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnk7418","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312537475","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I4210145566","https://openalex.org/I4391768141"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Emily Rowlinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2436-1022","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lisa Peters","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145566","display_name":"Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnk7418","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312537475","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I4210145566","https://openalex.org/I4391768141"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa Peters","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027933890","display_name":"Adel M Mansour","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145566","display_name":"Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnk7418","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312537475","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I4210145566","https://openalex.org/I4391768141"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adel Mansour","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102448897","display_name":"Hoda Mansour","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145566","display_name":"Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnk7418","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312537475","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I4210145566","https://openalex.org/I4391768141"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoda Mansour","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090103723","display_name":"Nahed Azazzy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160667","display_name":"Ministry of Health and Population","ror":"https://ror.org/04f90ax67","country_code":"EG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nahed Azazzy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078938088","display_name":"Mayar M. Said","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145566","display_name":"Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnk7418","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312537475","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I4210145566","https://openalex.org/I4391768141"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mayar Said","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007769500","display_name":"Sahar Samy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4137-0273","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4137-0273"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160667","display_name":"Ministry of Health and Population","ror":"https://ror.org/04f90ax67","country_code":"EG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahar Samy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Eman Abbas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160667","display_name":"Ministry of Health and Population","ror":"https://ror.org/04f90ax67","country_code":"EG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eman Abbas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032104068","display_name":"Hanaa Abu Elsood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6594-094X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6594-094X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160667","display_name":"Ministry of Health and Population","ror":"https://ror.org/04f90ax67","country_code":"EG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanaa Abu Elsood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022758471","display_name":"Manal Fahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7206-4818","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7206-4818"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160667","display_name":"Ministry of Health and Population","ror":"https://ror.org/04f90ax67","country_code":"EG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manal Fahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034964304","display_name":"Alaa Eid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9850-8632","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9850-8632"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160667","display_name":"Ministry of Health and Population","ror":"https://ror.org/04f90ax67","country_code":"EG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alaa Eid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086365307","display_name":"Erik J. Reaves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9822-5010","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9822-5010"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289490764","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik Reaves","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017460877","display_name":"Chris Van Beneden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6250-9238","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6250-9238"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289490764","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Van Beneden","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054709911","display_name":"Sarah Hamid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8164-0656","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8164-0656"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145566","display_name":"Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnk7418","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312537475","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I4210145566","https://openalex.org/I4391768141"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Hamid","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028415744","display_name":"Sonja J. Olsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8983-1913","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8983-1913"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289490764","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sonja Olsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070226043","display_name":"Julia Fitzner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2734-5610","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2734-5610"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105654","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185","country_code":"CH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia Fitzner","raw_affiliation_strings":["World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058643512","display_name":"Erica L. Dueger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6404-3163","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6404-3163"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289490764","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018075036","display_name":"Sanofi (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/02n6c9837","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018075036"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145566","display_name":"Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnk7418","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312537475","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I4210145566","https://openalex.org/I4391768141"]}],"countries":["EG","FR","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Erica Dueger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sanofi Pasteur, Medical Evidence Generation, Lyon, France","U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America","U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sanofi Pasteur, Medical Evidence Generation, Lyon, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018075036"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145566"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058643512","https://openalex.org/A5074240385"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I3018075036","https://openalex.org/I4210145566"],"apc_list":{"value":1749,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1749},"apc_paid":{"value":1749,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1749},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"e0248563","last_page":"e0248563"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10167","display_name":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10167","display_name":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10654","display_name":"Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11243","display_name":"Respiratory viral infections research","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/influenza","display_name":"influenza","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-respiratory-tract-infections","display_name":"acute respiratory infections","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/case-definition","display_name":"case definition","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-acute-respiratory-infection","display_name":"severe acute respiratory infection","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalized-patients","display_name":"hospitalized patients","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-based-surveillance","display_name":"hospital surveillance","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-sensitivity","display_name":"diagnostic sensitivity","score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pneumonia","display_name":"pneumonia","score":0.5929999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6285027265548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994330797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286546","display_name":"Respiratory illness","level":3,"score":0.5114263892173767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.47821328043937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534529494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7891","display_name":"Respiratory system","level":2,"score":0.47770336270332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4756319522857666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.45641615986824036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.26158082485198975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.21551388502120972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1794005036354065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004534","descriptor_name":"Egypt","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007251","descriptor_name":"Influenza, Human","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007251","descriptor_name":"Influenza, Human","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018571","descriptor_name":"Sentinel Surveillance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058873","descriptor_name":"Pandemics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0248563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248563","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0248563&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33765010","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33765010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PloS one","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7993808","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7993808/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS One","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a809869c92e4409b855410351f5542f2","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a809869c92e4409b855410351f5542f2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 3, p e0248563 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0248563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248563","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0248563&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307856","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332162","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3136428014.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3136428014.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968123080","https://openalex.org/W1987052743","https://openalex.org/W2057685704","https://openalex.org/W2082036062","https://openalex.org/W2084622224","https://openalex.org/W2093563294","https://openalex.org/W2097190534","https://openalex.org/W2127686984","https://openalex.org/W2132542802","https://openalex.org/W2137407508","https://openalex.org/W2143496019","https://openalex.org/W2151420474","https://openalex.org/W2170454855","https://openalex.org/W2504611292","https://openalex.org/W2775569101","https://openalex.org/W2785977781","https://openalex.org/W3014842224"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504844859","https://openalex.org/W2290306841","https://openalex.org/W2109308895","https://openalex.org/W1968123080","https://openalex.org/W2106352638","https://openalex.org/W2501376433","https://openalex.org/W2794713948","https://openalex.org/W2606918963","https://openalex.org/W2589479215","https://openalex.org/W4200480647"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Multiple":[1],"case":[2,23,120,130,161,180,223,265],"definitions":[3,24,131,181,224],"are":[4],"used":[5,20],"to":[6,25,177,198,227,279],"identify":[7,26],"hospitalized":[8,21,43,149,245],"patients":[9,34,172],"with":[10,51,89,103,195],"community-acquired":[11],"acute":[12],"respiratory":[13],"infections":[14],"(ARI).":[15],"We":[16],"evaluated":[17],"several":[18],"commonly":[19],"ARI":[22,150,168,174,255],"influenza":[27,63,71,155,170,185,243,258],"cases.":[28,260],"METHODS:":[29],"The":[30,157],"study":[31],"included":[32],"all":[33],"from":[35,147],"a":[36,45,272],"population-based":[37],"surveillance":[38,269],"site":[39],"in":[40],"Damanhour,":[41],"Egypt":[42],"for":[44,62,70,132,184,189,241,267,284],"broad":[46],"set":[47],"of":[48,126,167,235,254,263],"criteria":[49],"consistent":[50],"community":[52],"acquired":[53],"ARIs.":[54],"Naso-":[55],"and":[56,68,87,101,122,134,173,213,217,221,257],"oropharyngeal":[57],"(NP/OP)":[58],"swabs":[59,144],"were":[60,145,154],"tested":[61],"using":[64],"RT-PCR.":[65],"Sensitivity,":[66],"specificity":[67],"PPV":[69],"identification":[72],"was":[73,187],"compared":[74,176,197],"between":[75],"the":[76,94,108,113,123,164,178,190,199,204,209,214,236,251],"2014":[77,158,191,237],"WHO":[78,96,159,192,201,238],"Severe":[79],"Acute":[80],"Respiratory":[81],"Infection":[82],"(SARI)":[83],"definition":[84,98,162,194,240,266],"(fever":[85,99],"\u226538\u00b0C":[86,100],"cough":[88,102],"onset":[90,104],"within":[91,105],"10":[92],"days),":[93,107],"2011":[95,200],"SARI":[97,111,160,193,202,207,239,246],"7":[106],"2006":[109,205],"PAHO":[110,206],"definition,":[112,121],"International":[114,124],"Emerging":[115],"Infections":[116],"Program":[117],"(IEIP)":[118],"pneumonia":[119,211,219],"Management":[125],"Childhood":[127],"Illness":[128],"(IMCI)":[129],"moderate":[133,216],"severe":[135,218],"pneumonia.":[136],"RESULTS:":[137],"From":[138],"June":[139],"2009-December":[140],"2012,":[141],"5768":[142],"NP/OP":[143],"obtained":[146],"6113":[148],"patients;":[151],"799":[152],"(13.9%)":[153],"positive.":[156],"captured":[163],"greatest":[165],"number":[166],"patients,":[169],"positive":[171,244,259],"deaths":[175,256],"other":[179],"examined.":[182],"Sensitivity":[183],"detection":[186],"highest":[188,252],"88.6%,":[196],"(78.2%)":[203],"(15.8%)":[208],"IEIP":[210],"(61.0%)":[212],"IMCI":[215],"(33.8%":[220],"38.9%)":[222],"(IMCI":[225],"applies":[226],"<5":[228],"only).":[229],"CONCLUSIONS:":[230],"Our":[231],"results":[232],"support":[233],"use":[234,262],"identifying":[242],"cases":[247],"as":[248],"it":[249],"captures":[250],"proportion":[253],"Routine":[261],"this":[264],"hospital-based":[268],"will":[270],"provide":[271],"solid,":[273],"globally":[274],"comparable":[275],"foundation":[276],"on":[277],"which":[278],"build":[280],"needed":[281],"response":[282],"efforts":[283],"novel":[285],"pandemic":[286],"viruses.":[287]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2021-03-29T00:00:00"}
