{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3136411751","doi":null,"title":"The Role of Social Status in the Realization of Refusal Speech Act: A Cross-Cultural Study","display_name":"The Role of Social Status in the Realization of Refusal Speech Act: A Cross-Cultural Study","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3136411751","mag":"3136411751"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:3136411751","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3570553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3570553","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059563840","display_name":"Naimah Al-Ghamdi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8851-0456","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8851-0456"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76571253","display_name":"Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/038cy8j79","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76571253"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naimah Al-Ghamdi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8851-0456","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76571253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008145122","display_name":"Yasser Mohammed Hamid Alrefaee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9817-222X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9817-222X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388482659","display_name":"Albaydha University","ror":"https://ror.org/0505vtn61","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4388482659"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasser Alrefaee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Al-Baydha University, Yemen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Al-Baydha University, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388482659"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.6826000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.6826000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.29100000858306885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13795","display_name":"Language, Communication, and Linguistic Studies","score":0.014499999582767487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refusal-speech-acts","display_name":"refusal speech acts","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-status","display_name":"social status","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-cultural-pragmatics","display_name":"cross-cultural pragmatics","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yemeni-arabic","display_name":"Yemeni Arabic","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-english","display_name":"American English","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refusal-strategies","display_name":"refusal strategies","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directness","display_name":"directness","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discourse-completion-test","display_name":"discourse completion test","score":0.6169999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779930795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2728730","display_name":"Gratitude","level":2,"score":0.6802338361740112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6416539549827576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5627590417861938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777056012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1975444","display_name":"Adjunct","level":2,"score":0.5331489443778992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.5247573852539062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168646138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11578821","display_name":"Cross-cultural","level":2,"score":0.46211081743240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142806620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189970","display_name":"Social status","level":2,"score":0.4540293514728546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4405903220176697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.43335047364234924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4130692481994629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.4102919399738312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2781285047531128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.19553226232528687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.18513521552085876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11181977391242981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:3136411751","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3570553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:3136411751","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3570553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5676000118255615}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W651367055","https://openalex.org/W1511056588","https://openalex.org/W1573691203","https://openalex.org/W1576632330","https://openalex.org/W1965605658","https://openalex.org/W2024780060","https://openalex.org/W2059085689","https://openalex.org/W2159035740","https://openalex.org/W2242164743","https://openalex.org/W2262515313","https://openalex.org/W2502823706","https://openalex.org/W2968694545","https://openalex.org/W2970009105","https://openalex.org/W2982008126","https://openalex.org/W2997016209","https://openalex.org/W4235073904"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387230392","https://openalex.org/W2982008126","https://openalex.org/W3167849529","https://openalex.org/W4293831779","https://openalex.org/W2059085689","https://openalex.org/W2970009105","https://openalex.org/W2947618921","https://openalex.org/W4402073659","https://openalex.org/W7131308047","https://openalex.org/W2262515313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,217],"aims":[2],"to":[3,16,91,207],"investigate":[4],"the":[5,30,33,111,124,139,144,161,176,222],"refusal":[6,115,166],"strategies":[7,128,167],"of":[8,22,32,36,44,51,67,72,113,126,142,146,156,165,183,215,224],"Yemeni":[9,45],"Arabic":[10,46],"speakers":[11,15,43,50],"and":[12,25,47,79,100,163,170,210,227,229,236],"American":[13,52],"English":[14,53],"shed":[17],"light":[18],"on":[19,29],"possible":[20],"areas":[21],"cross-cultural":[23,85,118,135],"differences":[24,86],"similarities.":[26],"It":[27],"focuses":[28],"role":[31],"social":[34,102,154],"status":[35,103,155],"interlocutors":[37],"in":[38,55,110,138,191,233],"producing":[39],"refusals.":[40],"20":[41,48],"native":[42,49],"participated":[54],"this":[56,187,216],"study.":[57],"Data":[58],"was":[59,106,120,137,189],"collected":[60],"by":[61,129,151,194],"discourse":[62],"completion":[63],"task":[64],"(DCT),":[65],"consisting":[66],"12":[68],"scenarios":[69],"eliciting":[70],"refusals":[71],"three":[73,75,77,80],"invitations,":[74],"requests,":[76],"suggestions,":[78],"offers.":[81],"Results":[82],"showed":[83],"that":[84],"were":[87,205],"evident.":[88],"Yemenis":[89,169,174,199],"tended":[90],"be":[92,231],"more":[93,149],"direct":[94,201],"than":[95],"Americans,":[96],"especially":[97],"with":[98,123],"lower":[99],"equal":[101,197],"interactions.":[104],"There":[105],"a":[107],"substantial":[108],"difference":[109,119,136],"frequency":[112],"some":[114,127],"strategies.":[116],"The":[117,153],"also":[121],"evident":[122],"use":[125,162,175,200,208],"one":[130],"group":[131],"only.":[132],"One":[133],"marked":[134],"distinctive":[140],"employment":[141],"invoking":[143],"name":[145],"God":[147],"adjunct":[148,212],"frequently":[150],"Yemenis.":[152],"persons":[157],"has":[158],"greatly":[159],"influenced":[160],"selection":[164],"among":[168],"Americans.":[171,195],"For":[172],"example,":[173],"alternative":[177],"strategy":[178,188,202],"only":[179],"when":[180],"refusing":[181],"offers":[182],"higher":[184],"status,":[185,198],"while":[186,203],"used":[190,232],"all":[192],"interactions":[193],"In":[196],"Americans":[204],"found":[206],"excuses":[209],"gratitude":[211],"strategy.":[213],"Findings":[214],"can":[218,230],"help":[219],"better":[220],"understand":[221],"norms":[223],"both":[225],"languages":[226],"cultures":[228],"language":[234],"teaching":[235],"learning":[237],"contexts":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-03-29T00:00:00"}
