{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3135826902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5571683","title":"[Retracted] Early Warning of Financial Risk Based on K\u2010Means Clustering Algorithm","display_name":"[Retracted] Early Warning of Financial Risk Based on K\u2010Means Clustering Algorithm","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3135826902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5571683","mag":"3135826902"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/5571683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5571683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5571683","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/5571683.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/5571683.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047611394","display_name":"Zhangyao Zhu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204831749","display_name":"Southwestern University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/04ewct822","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204831749"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhangyao Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Accounting, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China swufe.edu.cn","School of Accounting, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Accounting, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China swufe.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204831749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Accounting, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204831749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060675085","display_name":"Na Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-571X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-571X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204831749","display_name":"Southwestern University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/04ewct822","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204831749"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Na Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Business School, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China swufe.edu.cn","International Business School, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-571X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Business School, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China swufe.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204831749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Business School, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204831749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060675085"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204831749"],"apc_list":{"value":2760,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2760},"apc_paid":{"value":2760,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2760},"fwci":20.1487,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99468862,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":true,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11653","display_name":"Financial Distress and Bankruptcy Prediction","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11653","display_name":"Financial Distress and Bankruptcy Prediction","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14368","display_name":"Evaluation and Optimization Models","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13373","display_name":"Data Mining and Machine Learning Applications","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-risk-early-warning","display_name":"financial risk early warning","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-means-clustering","display_name":"K-means clustering","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-risk-indicators","display_name":"financial risk indicators","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-classification","display_name":"risk classification","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity-measures","display_name":"similarity measures","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-crises","display_name":"financial crisis","score":0.5009999871253967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.8380950689315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6097874045372009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29825287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427940","display_name":"Warning system","level":2,"score":0.6050829887390137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76073288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1337875","display_name":"Financial risk","level":2,"score":0.5187132954597473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.48808610439300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.48372581601142883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43071985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2906013","display_name":"Financial risk management","level":3,"score":0.4347204864025116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17212007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511111","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","level":3,"score":0.4104504883289337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.3671295642852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3400174379348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32000207901000977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1449403166770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/5571683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5571683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5571683","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/5571683.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hin:complx:5571683","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/5571683.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0ebb1eb0f1d04be89e2ba295a6db55c2","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0ebb1eb0f1d04be89e2ba295a6db55c2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complexity, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/5571683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5571683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5571683","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/5571683.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3135826902.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3135826902.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2272150317","https://openalex.org/W2284481408","https://openalex.org/W2462958506","https://openalex.org/W2521494838","https://openalex.org/W2529305849","https://openalex.org/W2587385549","https://openalex.org/W2597145527","https://openalex.org/W2611078175","https://openalex.org/W2734380600","https://openalex.org/W2771683339","https://openalex.org/W2777310340","https://openalex.org/W2788828894","https://openalex.org/W2791676498","https://openalex.org/W2797107686","https://openalex.org/W2806900750","https://openalex.org/W2884586244","https://openalex.org/W2892973045","https://openalex.org/W2901169828","https://openalex.org/W2972038862","https://openalex.org/W2994140543","https://openalex.org/W3035078642","https://openalex.org/W3043317456","https://openalex.org/W3124877087","https://openalex.org/W3126114911"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4377726840","https://openalex.org/W2558479295","https://openalex.org/W4223428778","https://openalex.org/W2378200607","https://openalex.org/W4294896832","https://openalex.org/W4319977814","https://openalex.org/W2376532778","https://openalex.org/W2330396083","https://openalex.org/W4315628359","https://openalex.org/W4398249648"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,32,55,211,285],"early":[1],"warning":[2],"of":[3,20,34,40,58,113,129,142,151,190,196,237,264,288],"financial":[4,12,35,41,51,130,159,177,191,197,238,266,298],"risk":[5,13,28,52,108,131,160,178,192,198,239,269,281,299],"is":[6,63],"to":[7,47,64,74,78,244],"identify":[8],"and":[9,18,23,30,37,69,90,107,115,127,139,154,172,194,200,207,240,258,272,275,283],"analyze":[10],"existing":[11],"factors,":[14],"determine":[15,268],"the":[16,38,59,111,123,134,143,148,165,183,188,216,223,234,253,261],"possibility":[17,271],"severity":[19],"occurring":[21],"risks,":[22,267],"provide":[24,276,291],"scientific":[25,278],"basis":[26,112,279],"for":[27,248,280,294],"prevention":[29,282],"management.":[31,284],"fragility":[33],"system":[36,162],"destructiveness":[39],"crisis":[42],"make":[43],"it":[44],"extremely":[45],"important":[46],"build":[48],"a":[49,158,176,277,292],"good":[50],"early\u2010warning":[53,179,300],"mechanism.":[54],"main":[56],"idea":[57],"K\u2010means":[60,144,166,184,217,303],"clustering":[61,67,76,145,167,185,218,304],"algorithm":[62,254],"gradually":[65],"optimize":[66,233],"results":[68,213,287],"constantly":[70],"redistribute":[71,241],"target":[72,242],"dataset":[73,243],"each":[75,245],"center":[77,247],"obtain":[79],"optimal":[80],"solution;":[81],"its":[82,87,208,273],"biggest":[83],"advantage":[84],"lies":[85],"in":[86,95],"simplicity,":[88],"speed,":[89],"objectivity,":[91],"being":[92],"widely":[93],"used":[94],"many":[96],"research":[97,118,125],"fields":[98],"such":[99],"as":[100],"data":[101,173],"processing,":[102,174],"image":[103],"recognition,":[104],"market":[105],"analysis,":[106],"evaluation.":[109],"On":[110],"summarizing":[114],"analyzing":[116],"previous":[117],"works,":[119],"this":[120,289],"paper":[121,290],"expounded":[122],"current":[124,137],"status":[126,138],"significance":[128],"early\u2010warning,":[132],"elaborated":[133],"development":[135],"background,":[136],"future":[140],"challenges":[141],"algorithm,":[146,168,186],"introduced":[147],"related":[149],"works":[150],"similarity":[152],"measure":[153],"item":[155],"clustering,":[156],"proposed":[157],"indicator":[161,170],"based":[163,181,301],"on":[164,182,297,302],"performed":[169],"selection":[171],"constructed":[175],"model":[180],"conducted":[187],"classification":[189],"types":[193],"optimization":[195],"control,":[199],"finally":[201],"carried":[202],"out":[203],"an":[204],"empirical":[205],"experiments":[206],"result":[209],"analysis.":[210],"study":[212,286],"show":[214],"that":[215],"method":[219],"can":[220,255],"effectively":[221],"avoid":[222],"subjective":[224],"negative":[225],"impact":[226],"caused":[227],"by":[228],"artificial":[229],"division":[230],"thresholds,":[231],"continuously":[232],"prediction":[235],"process":[236],"cluster":[246],"obtaining":[249],"optimized":[250],"solution,":[251],"so":[252],"more":[256],"accurately":[257],"objectively":[259],"distinguish":[260],"state":[262],"interval":[263],"different":[265],"occurrence":[270],"severity,":[274],"reference":[293],"further":[295],"researches":[296],"algorithm.":[305]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2021-03-15T00:00:00"}
