{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3135280255","doi":null,"title":"\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u064a - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629","display_name":"\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u064a - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3135280255","mag":"3135280255"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.journalofbabylon.com:article/2159","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journalofbabylon.com/index.php/JUBH/article/view/2159","pdf_url":"https://journalofbabylon.com/index.php/JUBH/article/download/2159/1684","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203577","display_name":"Journal of University of Babylon for Humanities","issn_l":"2617-0906","issn":["2617-0906"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319176","host_organization_name":"University of Babylon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319176"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Babylon"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2617-0906","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://journalofbabylon.com/index.php/JUBH/article/download/2159/1684","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085992300","display_name":"Taher Hameed Abbas Bahia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0628-4206","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0628-4206"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u064a\u0651\u0629","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085992300"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42407242,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12815","display_name":"Management and Organizational Practices","score":0.5785999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12815","display_name":"Management and Organizational Practices","score":0.5785999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11726","display_name":"Organizational Management and Innovation","score":0.15860000252723694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14436","display_name":"Employee Performance and Leadership","score":0.07100000232458115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empowerment","display_name":"empowerment","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-creativity","display_name":"organizational creativity","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-creativity","display_name":"employee creativity","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innovation","display_name":"innovation","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-and-development","display_name":"research and development","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-advantage","display_name":"competitive advantage","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-change","display_name":"organizational change","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tire-manufacturing-company","display_name":"tire manufacturing company","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-attitudes","display_name":"employee attitudes","score":0.3569999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.39406660199165344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.3590351343154907}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.journalofbabylon.com:article/2159","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journalofbabylon.com/index.php/JUBH/article/view/2159","pdf_url":"https://journalofbabylon.com/index.php/JUBH/article/download/2159/1684","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203577","display_name":"Journal of University of Babylon for Humanities","issn_l":"2617-0906","issn":["2617-0906"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319176","host_organization_name":"University of Babylon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319176"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Babylon"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2617-0906","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:3135280255","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.iasj.net/iasj?func=fulltext&aId=163527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737731412","display_name":"Journal of University of Babylon for Pure and Applied Sciences","issn_l":"1992-0652","issn":["1992-0652","2312-8135"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319176","host_organization_name":"University of Babylon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319176"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Babylon"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of University of Babylon for Pure and Applied Sciences","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.journalofbabylon.com:article/2159","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journalofbabylon.com/index.php/JUBH/article/view/2159","pdf_url":"https://journalofbabylon.com/index.php/JUBH/article/download/2159/1684","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203577","display_name":"Journal of University of Babylon for Humanities","issn_l":"2617-0906","issn":["2617-0906"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319176","host_organization_name":"University of Babylon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319176"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Babylon"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2617-0906","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9211000204086304,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"score":0.8970999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3135280255.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3135280255.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3095895053","https://openalex.org/W3091070135","https://openalex.org/W4405959280","https://openalex.org/W4378376249","https://openalex.org/W2913871404","https://openalex.org/W3212605244","https://openalex.org/W4412180660","https://openalex.org/W4412180918","https://openalex.org/W4411897404","https://openalex.org/W2756539025"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639":[0],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629":[1,56,75],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629":[2],"\u0627\u0644\u0649":[3,94],"\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646":[4],"\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629":[5],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646":[6,114],"\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647":[7],"\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629":[8,115],"\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629":[9],"\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632":[10],"\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639":[11],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646":[12],"\u0641\u064a":[13,78],"\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639":[14],"\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a":[15],"\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629,":[16],"\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0647\u0645":[17],"\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627":[18],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627":[19],"\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646":[20],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629":[21,50],"\u0645\u0646":[22,26,67,74,84,87,96,117],"\u0627\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0632":[23],"\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639":[24],"\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a":[25],"\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644":[27,88],"\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0645":[28],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[29],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b":[30],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631":[31],"\u0628\u0645\u0627":[32,127],"\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632":[33],"\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645":[34],"\u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0645":[35],"\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631":[36],"\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629":[37],"\u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631":[38],"\u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0629":[39],"\u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628":[40],"\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627":[41],"\u0627\u0650\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b":[42],"\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a":[43],"\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0627":[44],"\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0651":[45],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639":[46],"\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629":[47],"\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629":[48],"\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d":[49],"\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627,":[51],"\u0648\u0645\u0646":[52],"\u0623\u062c\u0644":[53,118],"\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642":[54],"\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641":[55],"\u0641\u0642\u062f":[57,76],"\u062a\u0645":[58],"\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f":[59],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629":[60],"\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a":[61],"(40)":[62],"\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629\u060c":[63],"\u0636\u0645\u062a":[64],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629(75)":[65],"\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627":[66],"\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641":[68],"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a":[69],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c":[70],"\u0648":[71,98],"\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b":[72],"\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636":[73],"\u0635\u064a\u063a\u062a":[77],"\u0636\u0648\u0626\u0647":[79],"\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646":[80],"\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646,":[81],"\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644":[82],"\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629":[83,95],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644":[85],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629":[86],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c":[89],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064aspss":[90],"vr.24))\u060c":[91],"\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644":[92],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b":[93],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a":[97],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a":[99],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[100],"\u062a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645":[101],"\u0645\u0639":[102],"\u062a\u0644\u0643":[103],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a,":[104],"\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627:":[105],"\u0627\u0646":[106],"\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a":[107],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629":[108],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u0629":[109],"\u0639\u0643\u0633\u062a":[110],"\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064b":[111],"\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b":[112],"\u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629":[113],"\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629":[116],"\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621":[119],"\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645":[120],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631":[121],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639":[122],"\u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0647":[123],"\u0643\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629":[124],"\u0639\u0645\u0644":[125],"\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629":[126],"\u064a\u0631\u0642\u0649":[128],"\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649":[129],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0636":[130],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2021-03-15T00:00:00"}
