{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134929797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442381.3450024","title":"\u201cGo eat a bat, Chang!\u201d: On the Emergence of Sinophobic Behavior on Web Communities in the Face of COVID-19","display_name":"\u201cGo eat a bat, Chang!\u201d: On the Emergence of Sinophobic Behavior on Web Communities in the Face of COVID-19","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134929797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442381.3450024","mag":"3134929797"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3442381.3450024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442381.3450024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442381.3450024","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3442381.3450024","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407088480","display_name":"International World Wide Web Conference (WWW)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Web Conference 2021","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3442381.3450024","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047846076","display_name":"Fatemeh Tahmasbi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123946342","display_name":"Binghamton University","ror":"https://ror.org/008rmbt77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatemeh Tahmasbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Binghamton University, USA","Binghamton university"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Binghamton University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Binghamton university","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107549087","display_name":"Leonard Schild","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3336-1258","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3336-1258"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128801","display_name":"Helmholtz Center for Information Security","ror":"https://ror.org/02njgxr09","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonard Schild","raw_affiliation_strings":["CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037821383","display_name":"Chen Ling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5082-7557","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5082-7557"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Ling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston University, USA","Boston Univ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston Univ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052381671","display_name":"Jeremy Blackburn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4223-1304","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4223-1304","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9093-4170"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123946342","display_name":"Binghamton University","ror":"https://ror.org/008rmbt77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy Blackburn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Binghamton University, USA","Binghamton university"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Binghamton University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Binghamton university","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046881273","display_name":"Gianluca Stringhini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6162-578X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6162-578X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianluca Stringhini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston University, USA","Boston Univ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston Univ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100354759","display_name":"Yang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0698-1391","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0698-1391"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128801","display_name":"Helmholtz Center for Information Security","ror":"https://ror.org/02njgxr09","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007187227","display_name":"Savvas Zannettou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5711-1404","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5711-1404"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","display_name":"Max Planck Society","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhn8329","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109712","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Informatics","ror":"https://ror.org/01w19ak89","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Savvas Zannettou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Germany","Max-Planck-Society"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck-Society","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":72.6486,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":212,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99925904,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1122","last_page":"1133"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9082000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9082000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.04569999873638153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13979","display_name":"Communication and COVID-19 Impact","score":0.0142000000923872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sinophobia","display_name":"Sinophobia","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-hate-speech","display_name":"online hate speech","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-communities","display_name":"online communities","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conspiracy-theories","display_name":"conspiracy theories","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-discrimination","display_name":"ethnic discrimination","score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-people","display_name":"Chinese people","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asian-descent","display_name":"Asian descent","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-distancing","display_name":"social distancing","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-harassment","display_name":"online harassment","score":0.3619999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6357234716415405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777617010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18957","display_name":"Mainstream","level":2,"score":0.6347274780273438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172656115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142613","display_name":"Social distance","level":5,"score":0.6325745582580566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.5653819441795349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.5480461716651917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.5433576107025146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5353949666023254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5291507840156555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.5128315091133118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512170562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173799","display_name":"Entertainment","level":2,"score":0.45729032158851624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.41550880670547485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.39165791869163513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.38889995217323303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.3757771849632263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.32942652702331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3190816342830658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.26785847544670105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2418079972267151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22643348574638367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.14579087495803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1166130006313324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3442381.3450024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442381.3450024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442381.3450024","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3442381.3450024","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407088480","display_name":"International World Wide Web Conference (WWW)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Web Conference 2021","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:null:2144/44182","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442381.3450024","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402384","display_name":"OpenBU (Boston University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","host_organization_name":"Boston University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference materials"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2004.04046","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.04046","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2004.04046","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/24613704","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/_Go_eat_a_bat_Chang_On_the_Emergence_of_Sinophobic_Behavior_on_Web_Communities_in_the_Face_of_COVID-19/24613704","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference contribution"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2004.04046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2004.04046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2004.04046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.60882/cispa.24613704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.60882/cispa.24613704","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.60882/cispa.24613704","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050916","display_name":"CISPA Helmholtz Center","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"ConferenceProceeding"},{"id":"doi:10.60882/cispa.24613704.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.60882/cispa.24613704.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.60882/cispa.24613704.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050916","display_name":"CISPA Helmholtz Center","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"ConferenceProceeding"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3442381.3450024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442381.3450024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3442381.3450024","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3442381.3450024","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407088480","display_name":"International World Wide Web Conference (WWW)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Web Conference 2021","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3971968457","display_name":"CAREER: Towards a Data-driven Understanding of Online Sentiment","funder_award_id":"2046590","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6650699768","display_name":"CAREER: Towards Data-Driven Methods to Counter Online Aggression","funder_award_id":"1942610","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134929797.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134929797.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W566021057","https://openalex.org/W1576649262","https://openalex.org/W1977098779","https://openalex.org/W1978456998","https://openalex.org/W2028695285","https://openalex.org/W2029150400","https://openalex.org/W2033198212","https://openalex.org/W2034300146","https://openalex.org/W2034328075","https://openalex.org/W2047514787","https://openalex.org/W2056308111","https://openalex.org/W2056802845","https://openalex.org/W2074862659","https://openalex.org/W2076656661","https://openalex.org/W2079373314","https://openalex.org/W2085650406","https://openalex.org/W2089457241","https://openalex.org/W2098507900","https://openalex.org/W2122653218","https://openalex.org/W2131681506","https://openalex.org/W2147555102","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2163789413","https://openalex.org/W2334158844","https://openalex.org/W2401712675","https://openalex.org/W2592393350","https://openalex.org/W2612949191","https://openalex.org/W2773257399","https://openalex.org/W2786634640","https://openalex.org/W2790166049","https://openalex.org/W2794585602","https://openalex.org/W2806675651","https://openalex.org/W2811485357","https://openalex.org/W2902961054","https://openalex.org/W2914707617","https://openalex.org/W2963505958","https://openalex.org/W2972275627","https://openalex.org/W3011186656","https://openalex.org/W3011345566","https://openalex.org/W3012039349","https://openalex.org/W3012936764","https://openalex.org/W3015131281","https://openalex.org/W3034078763","https://openalex.org/W3037924069","https://openalex.org/W6950460985"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3015719568","https://openalex.org/W4312258168","https://openalex.org/W3023628926","https://openalex.org/W7203774737","https://openalex.org/W3029778218","https://openalex.org/W4386846821","https://openalex.org/W3176355460","https://openalex.org/W7166571922","https://openalex.org/W3203382712","https://openalex.org/W3046429781"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"outbreak":[1],"of":[2,16,35,67,77,94],"the":[3,14,17,33,36,41,55,59,65,75],"COVID-19":[4,98],"pandemic":[5],"has":[6,43],"changed":[7],"our":[8],"lives":[9],"in":[10,28,87],"unprecedented":[11],"ways.":[12],"In":[13],"face":[15],"projected":[18],"catastrophic":[19],"consequences,":[20],"most":[21],"countries":[22],"have":[23,102],"enacted":[24],"social":[25],"distancing":[26],"measures":[27],"an":[29,45],"attempt":[30],"to":[31,101],"limit":[32],"spread":[34,76],"virus.":[37],"Under":[38],"these":[39],"conditions,":[40],"Web":[42,60],"become":[44],"indispensable":[46],"medium":[47],"for":[48,64],"information":[49],"acquisition,":[50],"communication,":[51],"and":[52,70,80,92],"entertainment.":[53],"At":[54],"same":[56],"time,":[57],"unfortunately,":[58],"is":[61,99],"being":[62],"exploited":[63],"dissemination":[66],"potentially":[68],"harmful":[69],"disturbing":[71],"content,":[72],"such":[73],"as":[74],"conspiracy":[78],"theories":[79],"hateful":[81],"speech":[82],"towards":[83,89],"specific":[84],"ethnic":[85],"groups,":[86],"particular":[88],"Chinese":[90],"people":[91,93],"Asian":[95],"descent":[96],"since":[97],"believed":[100],"originated":[103],"from":[104],"China.":[105]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":39}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-03-15T00:00:00"}