{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134913484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","title":"Cardiopulmonary Arrest Following Cervical Epidural Injection","display_name":"Cardiopulmonary Arrest Following Cervical Epidural Injection","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134913484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","mag":"3134913484","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22430652"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193700400","display_name":"Pain Physician","issn_l":"1533-3159","issn":["1533-3159","2150-1149"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316371","host_organization_name":"American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316371"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pain Physician","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111717952","display_name":"Reza Nazari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5146-8154","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5146-8154"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24624658","display_name":"Touro University California","ror":"https://ror.org/0556gk990","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24624658"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Reza Nazari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emanuel Medical Center, Turlock, CA; 2 Touro University, California College of Osteopathic Medicine, Vallejo, CA","Emanuel Medical Center, Turlock, CA;","Touro University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emanuel Medical Center, Turlock, CA; 2 Touro University, California College of Osteopathic Medicine, Vallejo, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24624658"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emanuel Medical Center, Turlock, CA;","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Touro University,","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111717952"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24624658"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.656,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9849787,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2;15","issue":"2;3","first_page":"147","last_page":"152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.9351000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.9351000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13323","display_name":"Spinal Hematomas and Complications","score":0.014999999664723873,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10645","display_name":"Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation","score":0.008200000040233135,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-arrest","display_name":"cardiac arrest","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cervical-epidural-steroid-injection","display_name":"cervical epidural steroid injection","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sympathetic-nerve-blockade","display_name":"sympathetic nerve block","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bradycardia","display_name":"bradycardia","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vasovagal-reaction","display_name":"vasovagal reaction","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-neck-pain","display_name":"chronic neck pain","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrenic-nerve","display_name":"phrenic nerve","score":0.6759999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9612854719161987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.679021954536438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780457178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3774744","display_name":"Respiratory arrest","level":2,"score":0.6651113033294678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777495988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217111","display_name":"Bradycardia","level":4,"score":0.6533606648445129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777055891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185325","display_name":"Cardiopulmonary resuscitation","level":3,"score":0.6227158904075623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775844698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2100002","display_name":"Pneumocephalus","level":3,"score":0.5415568351745605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777761098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5382872","display_name":"Epidural steroid injection","level":4,"score":0.4970116913318634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.36474311351776123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81182388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353963","display_name":"Complication","level":2,"score":0.20012515783309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778165595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5491454","display_name":"Resuscitation","level":2,"score":0.1736672818660736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.12360334396362305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780907711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852163","display_name":"Low back pain","level":3,"score":0.10024601221084595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.089684396982193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002574","descriptor_name":"Cervical Vertebrae","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006323","descriptor_name":"Heart Arrest","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006323","descriptor_name":"Heart Arrest","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007268","descriptor_name":"Injections, Epidural","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013256","descriptor_name":"Steroids","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013256","descriptor_name":"Steroids","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019547","descriptor_name":"Neck Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193700400","display_name":"Pain Physician","issn_l":"1533-3159","issn":["1533-3159","2150-1149"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316371","host_organization_name":"American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316371"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pain Physician","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22430652","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22430652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pain physician","raw_type":"Case Reports"},{"id":"mag:75307709","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22430652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/147","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193700400","display_name":"Pain Physician","issn_l":"1533-3159","issn":["1533-3159","2150-1149"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316371","host_organization_name":"American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316371"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pain Physician","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Case Report","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134913484.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134913484.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41726284","https://openalex.org/W125072011","https://openalex.org/W1574199527","https://openalex.org/W1853437035","https://openalex.org/W1918906991","https://openalex.org/W1987447370","https://openalex.org/W2000016310","https://openalex.org/W2001958996","https://openalex.org/W2003004822","https://openalex.org/W2018589054","https://openalex.org/W2022399528","https://openalex.org/W2027729531","https://openalex.org/W2031130301","https://openalex.org/W2033241211","https://openalex.org/W2047136711","https://openalex.org/W2061490338","https://openalex.org/W2076152952","https://openalex.org/W2081581105","https://openalex.org/W2082273830","https://openalex.org/W2111740429","https://openalex.org/W2158759365","https://openalex.org/W2615298037"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3136328670","https://openalex.org/W4244171068","https://openalex.org/W2906109132","https://openalex.org/W2158759365","https://openalex.org/W2907353076","https://openalex.org/W1987447370","https://openalex.org/W2330753352","https://openalex.org/W2414884526","https://openalex.org/W2402059080","https://openalex.org/W2018589054"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Epidural":[0],"steroid":[1,90,145,164],"injection":[2,91,165,210],"is":[3,19,58,135,154,203],"a":[4,13,31,38,59,63,67,125,136,163,217,233],"common":[5],"treatment":[6],"for":[7,176],"the":[8,93,103,109,130,148,155,167,177,192,205,212,220,228],"management":[9],"of":[10,16,34,40,62,143,150,158,191,211,219],"pain":[11,85],"in":[12,166,200,227],"wide":[14],"variety":[15],"patients.":[17],"It":[18],"generally":[20],"well":[21],"tolerated":[22],"and":[23,55,78,114,116,189,236],"perceived":[24],"to":[25,108,119,216,240],"have":[26,120],"few":[27],"side":[28,141],"effects,":[29],"with":[30,66,87],"low":[32],"risk":[33],"serious":[35],"complications.":[36],"Only":[37],"handful":[39],"reports":[41],"exist":[42],"that":[43,204],"describe":[44],"life-threatening":[45],"complications":[46],"such":[47,159],"as":[48],"subdural":[49],"hematoma,":[50],"respiratory":[51],"depression,":[52],"vasovagal":[53,185],"response,":[54,186],"pneumocephalus.":[56,121],"This":[57],"case":[60,202],"report":[61,157],"67-year-old":[64],"woman":[65],"relatively":[68,126],"unremarkable":[69],"past":[70],"medical":[71],"history,":[72],"other":[73],"than":[74],"rheumatoid":[75],"arthritis,":[76],"osteoarthritis,":[77],"hypertension,":[79],"who":[80],"suffered":[81],"from":[82],"chronic":[83],"neck":[84],"treated":[86],"cervical":[88,168],"epidural":[89,144],"at":[92],"C6-C7":[94,213],"level.":[95],"She":[96,105],"went":[97],"into":[98],"immediate":[99,178],"cardiopulmonary":[100,241],"arrest":[101,134,161],"following":[102,131,162],"injection.":[104,146],"was":[106,117,209],"brought":[107],"emergency":[110],"department":[111],"by":[112,196],"ambulance":[113],"resuscitated,":[115],"found":[118],"Ultimately,":[122],"she":[123],"made":[124],"full":[127],"recovery":[128],"over":[129],"weeks.":[132],"Cardiopulmonary":[133],"rare":[137],"but":[138],"potentially":[139],"deadly":[140],"effect":[142],"To":[147],"best":[149],"our":[151],"knowledge,":[152],"this":[153,201],"first":[156],"an":[160],"spinal":[169,230],"region.":[170],"There":[171],"are":[172],"several":[173],"possible":[174],"mechanisms":[175],"arrest,":[179],"including":[180],"cardioacceleratory":[181],"center":[182],"blockade,":[183],"severe":[184],"iatrogenic":[187],"pneumocephalus,":[188],"involvement":[190],"phrenic":[193],"nerve":[194],"followed":[195],"apnea.":[197],"Our":[198],"conclusion":[199],"most":[206],"likely":[207],"scenario":[208],"level":[214],"led":[215],"blockade":[218,235],"cardiac":[221],"accelerator":[222],"fibers":[223],"located":[224],"just":[225],"below":[226],"T1-T4":[229],"level,":[231],"causing":[232],"sympathetic":[234],"profound":[237],"bradycardia,":[238],"leading":[239],"arrest.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2021-03-15T00:00:00"}