{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134582311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3746101","title":"AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECTS OF LEVELS OF LONELINESS AND OPTIMISM AMONG STUDENTS AT THE FACULTY OF SPORTS SCIENCES","display_name":"AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECTS OF LEVELS OF LONELINESS AND OPTIMISM AMONG STUDENTS AT THE FACULTY OF SPORTS SCIENCES","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134582311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3746101","mag":"3134582311"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:bibliotekanauki.pl:1902591","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1902591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407089959","display_name":"Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective","issn_l":"2084-6002","issn":["2084-6002","2084-7971"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["ddh"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119217307","host_organization_name":"Opole University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119217307"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2084-7971","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1902591","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112684299","display_name":"Ali G\u00fcrb\u00fcz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164120614","display_name":"Mimar Sinan G\u00fczel Sanatlar \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/04e9czp26","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164120614"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G\u00fcrb\u00fcz, Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mimar Sinan \u00dcniversity, \u0130stanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mimar Sinan \u00dcniversity, \u0130stanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164120614"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086104429","display_name":"Emre Belli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8435-2529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8435-2529"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64134780","display_name":"Atat\u00fcrk University","ror":"https://ror.org/03je5c526","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Belli, Emre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atat\u00fcrk \u00dcnivesity, Sport Science Faculty, Erzurum, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atat\u00fcrk \u00dcnivesity, Sport Science Faculty, Erzurum, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053974640","display_name":"Fatih Bedir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2820-5353","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2820-5353"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64134780","display_name":"Atat\u00fcrk University","ror":"https://ror.org/03je5c526","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bedir, Fatih","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atat\u00fcrk \u00dcnivesity, Sport Science Faculty, Erzurum, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atat\u00fcrk \u00dcnivesity, Sport Science Faculty, Erzurum, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38000887,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"14","first_page":"5","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12485","display_name":"Optimism, Hope, and Well-being","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12485","display_name":"Optimism, Hope, and Well-being","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14085","display_name":"Student Stress and Coping","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10475","display_name":"Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loneliness","display_name":"loneliness","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimism","display_name":"optimism","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/college-students","display_name":"university students","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sports-science-students","display_name":"sports science students","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ucla-loneliness-scale","display_name":"UCLA Loneliness Scale","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimism-scale","display_name":"optimism scale","score":0.847000002861023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779998236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223270","display_name":"Loneliness","level":2,"score":0.9618982076644897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204017024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485446","display_name":"Optimism","level":2,"score":0.9077564477920532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7018013000488281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781121862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256","display_name":"Turkish","level":2,"score":0.6392785310745239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.45989328622817993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.44600266218185425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4413532018661499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.4210547208786011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.40344521403312683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3446319103240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11093458533287048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08441928029060364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:bibliotekanauki.pl:1902591","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1902591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407089959","display_name":"Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective","issn_l":"2084-6002","issn":["2084-6002","2084-7971"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["ddh"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119217307","host_organization_name":"Opole University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119217307"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2084-7971","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:3746102","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3746102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Physical Education &amp; Health 8(14) 5-10","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.3746101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3746101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3746101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.3746102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3746102","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3746102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"mag:3134582311","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jpeh.po.opole.pl/index.php/jpeh/article/view/2","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:bibliotekanauki.pl:1902591","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1902591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407089959","display_name":"Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective","issn_l":"2084-6002","issn":["2084-6002","2084-7971"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["ddh"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119217307","host_organization_name":"Opole University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119217307"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2084-7971","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.46810001134872437}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W216214477","https://openalex.org/W1978306370","https://openalex.org/W2001713298","https://openalex.org/W2010220117","https://openalex.org/W2014754251","https://openalex.org/W2808442130","https://openalex.org/W2989170166","https://openalex.org/W2999597827","https://openalex.org/W3000630034","https://openalex.org/W4243663932"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7118918855","https://openalex.org/W7168444639","https://openalex.org/W2964483717","https://openalex.org/W3014425584","https://openalex.org/W6967962023","https://openalex.org/W7159739901","https://openalex.org/W7037907253","https://openalex.org/W3128558625","https://openalex.org/W2120674470","https://openalex.org/W2921173748"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"aim":[1],"of":[2,10,15,21,27,76,87,91,126,132,148,160,174,184,188,190,193],"this":[3],"study":[4],"is":[5],"to":[6,72,84,121,140,167,171],"explore":[7,73],"the":[8,16,19,25,34,59,101,124,127,142,145,158],"effects":[9],"optimism":[11,161],"and":[12,51,58,67,78,94,111,116,150,162],"loneliness":[13,77,163],"levels":[14,75,159,183,189],"students":[17,89,176,181],"at":[18],"Faculty":[20],"Sports":[22],"Sciences.":[23],"For":[24,98],"purposes":[26],"data":[28,99],"collection,":[29],"two":[30],"instruments":[31],"were":[32,82,119],"used:":[33],"\u2018UCLA":[35],"Scale\u2019":[36],"which":[37,62],"was":[38,63,106,138],"developed":[39,64],"by":[40,46,55,65],"Russel":[41,47],"et":[42,48],"al":[43,49],"[7]":[44],"revised":[45],"[8]":[50],"adapted":[52],"into":[53],"Turkish":[54],"Demir":[56],"[9];":[57],"Optimism":[60,149],"Scale":[61],"Balc\u0131":[66],"Y\u0131lmaz":[68],"[10]":[69],"in":[70,157,182],"order":[71],"students\u2019":[74,146],"optimism.":[79],"These":[80],"questionnaires":[81],"administered":[83],"a":[85],"total":[86],"375":[88],"consisting":[90],"224":[92],"male":[93,180,194],"151":[95],"female":[96,175,199],"students.":[97,200],"analysis,":[100,110],"SPSS":[102],"statistical":[103],"packet":[104],"program":[105],"used":[107],"for":[108],"frequency":[109],"independent":[112],"t-tests,":[113],"one-way":[114],"ANOVA":[115],"Tukey":[117],"test":[118],"run":[120],"find":[122],"out":[123],"source":[125],"difference":[128],"among":[129,164],"different":[130],"groups":[131],"participants.":[133],"In":[134,186],"addition,":[135],"correlation":[136],"analysis":[137],"performed":[139],"reveal":[141],"relationship":[143],"between":[144],"Levels":[147],"Loneliness.":[151],"Significant":[152],"differences":[153],"have":[154],"been":[155],"seen":[156],"participants":[165],"according":[166],"gender.":[168],"(p<0,05)":[169],"According":[170],"this,":[172],"averages":[173,192],"are":[177,196],"higher":[178,197],"than":[179,198],"loneliness.":[185],"terms":[187],"optimism,":[191],"student":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2021-03-15T00:00:00"}