{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134433042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030429","title":"Efficacy of Post-Emergence Herbicides against Important Weeds of Sugarcane in North-East Thailand","display_name":"Efficacy of Post-Emergence Herbicides against Important Weeds of Sugarcane in North-East Thailand","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134433042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030429","mag":"3134433042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy11030429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030429","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/429/pdf?version=1615387745","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/429/pdf?version=1615387745","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089816065","display_name":"Phitsanu Aekrathok","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phitsanu Aekrathok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024388990","display_name":"Patcharin Songsri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-2969","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-2969"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patcharin Songsri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-2969","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040299646","display_name":"Nakorn Jongrungklang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4411-4750","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4411-4750"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuntawoot Jongrungklang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4411-4750","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044213690","display_name":"Santimaitree Gonkhamdee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6789-0659","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6789-0659"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Santimaitree Gonkhamdee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6789-0659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044213690"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1944},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1944},"fwci":2.3243,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87124957,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"3","first_page":"429","last_page":"429"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11180","display_name":"Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12058","display_name":"Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sugarcane","display_name":"sugarcane","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-emergence-herbicides","display_name":"post-emergence herbicides","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-control","display_name":"weed control","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paraquat","display_name":"paraquat","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ametryn","display_name":"ametryn","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicide-rate","display_name":"herbicide application rate","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicide-toxicity","display_name":"herbicide toxicity","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brachiaria-distachya","display_name":"Brachiaria distachya","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dactyloctenium-aegyptium","display_name":"Dactyloctenium aegyptium","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/praxelis-clematidea","display_name":"Praxelis clematidea","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pennisetum-polystachion","display_name":"Pennisetum polystachion","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tillering-stage","display_name":"tillering stage","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yield-components","display_name":"yield components","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northeast-thailand","display_name":"Northeast Thailand","score":0.9269999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776527163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409669","display_name":"Paraquat","level":2,"score":0.7998925447463989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147273371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739141","display_name":"Weed control","level":2,"score":0.7407811880111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775891814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101879","display_name":"Weed","level":2,"score":0.6908756494522095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.636765718460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776821462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q406090","display_name":"Cane","level":3,"score":0.6214352250099182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144938864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Randomized block design","level":2,"score":0.6106114983558655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781205985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2699312","display_name":"Brachiaria","level":3,"score":0.5983745455741882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5693495273590088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775843433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2440147","display_name":"Imperata","level":2,"score":0.4142982065677643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13377214","display_name":"Forage","level":2,"score":0.23508316278457642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777108408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11002","display_name":"Sugar","level":2,"score":0.08174291253089905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy11030429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030429","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/429/pdf?version=1615387745","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8a9db1494bdd4d38a2be5195c1acd550","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8a9db1494bdd4d38a2be5195c1acd550","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy, Vol 11, Iss 3, p 429 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy11030429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030429","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/429/pdf?version=1615387745","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9208999872207642,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134433042.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134433042.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W199492157","https://openalex.org/W338105830","https://openalex.org/W348989420","https://openalex.org/W986134224","https://openalex.org/W1419159347","https://openalex.org/W1490680892","https://openalex.org/W1528927951","https://openalex.org/W1836346575","https://openalex.org/W1965114703","https://openalex.org/W2036269736","https://openalex.org/W2036703411","https://openalex.org/W2046318602","https://openalex.org/W2046377116","https://openalex.org/W2056843752","https://openalex.org/W2069231793","https://openalex.org/W2091209863","https://openalex.org/W2128132009","https://openalex.org/W2135575606","https://openalex.org/W2141151370","https://openalex.org/W2144401052","https://openalex.org/W2156756985","https://openalex.org/W2162334239","https://openalex.org/W2244860476","https://openalex.org/W2290121093","https://openalex.org/W2463395794","https://openalex.org/W2553000103","https://openalex.org/W2558229469","https://openalex.org/W2751687044","https://openalex.org/W2773998475","https://openalex.org/W2790638784","https://openalex.org/W2807361618","https://openalex.org/W2897571397","https://openalex.org/W2907078590","https://openalex.org/W2915675586","https://openalex.org/W2993243056","https://openalex.org/W3014398869","https://openalex.org/W3022541764","https://openalex.org/W3024954487","https://openalex.org/W4253321798","https://openalex.org/W6767313838"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414902433","https://openalex.org/W2039242300","https://openalex.org/W2156756985","https://openalex.org/W3080261865","https://openalex.org/W7204495580","https://openalex.org/W2239320408","https://openalex.org/W4384401419","https://openalex.org/W1982307355","https://openalex.org/W2536613074","https://openalex.org/W3128242846"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Weeds":[0],"represent":[1],"a":[2,26,86,196],"significant":[3],"problem":[4],"in":[5,16,21,81,85,109],"Thailand\u2019s":[6,164],"sugarcane":[7,13,42,132],"production.":[8],"The":[9,65,95],"various":[10],"cycles":[11],"of":[12,18,34,63,67,140,193],"cultivation":[14],"result":[15],"degrees":[17],"weed":[19,28,166,203],"severity":[20],"which":[22,35,156],"each":[23,202],"species":[24,167,204],"requires":[25],"different":[27],"control":[29,163,192],"method,":[30],"the":[31,37,134,153,158,190],"most":[32],"popular":[33],"is":[36,51,195],"post-emergence":[38,68],"herbicide":[39,69],"method.":[40],"However,":[41],"farmers":[43],"often":[44],"use":[45],"incorrect":[46],"rates,":[47,155],"and":[48,60,72,98,112,124,137,142,184,200],"operators\u2019":[49],"safety":[50],"missing":[52],"or":[53],"applications":[54],"are":[55,75],"not":[56],"selective,":[57],"causing":[58],"toxicity":[59,111],"interrupted":[61],"growth":[62],"sugarcane.":[64],"effects":[66],"types,":[70],"time,":[71],"application":[73],"rates":[74,139,149],"presented":[76],"herein,":[77],"through":[78,119],"an":[79],"experiment":[80],"Northeast":[82],"Thailand,":[83],"conducted":[84],"randomized":[87],"complete":[88],"block":[89],"design":[90],"(RCBD)":[91],"with":[92,102],"four":[93],"replications.":[94],"herbicides":[96],"paraquat":[97,103,125],"ametryn":[99,123],"were":[100,150],"evaluated,":[101],"being":[104],"more":[105],"effective,":[106],"yet":[107],"resulting":[108],"higher":[110],"lower":[113,151],"yield":[114],"components.":[115],"We":[116],"may":[117],"conclude":[118],"our":[120],"experiments":[121],"that":[122],"can":[126],"be":[127,206],"applied":[128],"only":[129],"once":[130],"for":[131],"at":[133,138],"tillering":[135],"stage":[136],"540":[141],"2400":[143],"g":[144],"ai":[145],"ha\u22121,":[146],"respectively.":[147],"These":[148],"than":[152],"recommended":[154],"represented":[157],"minimum":[159],"doses":[160],"necessary":[161],"to":[162],"dominant":[165],"like":[168],"Brachiaria":[169],"distachya":[170],"(L.)":[171,175,187],"Stapf.,":[172],"Dactyloctenium":[173],"aegyptium":[174],"P.B.,":[176],"Praxelis":[177],"clematidea":[178],"R.M":[179],"King":[180],"&":[181],"H.":[182],"Rob":[183],"Pennisetum":[185],"polystachion":[186],"Schult.":[188],"Consequently,":[189],"adequate":[191],"weeds":[194],"rather":[197],"case-specific":[198],"situation":[199],"therefore":[201],"should":[205],"taken":[207],"into":[208],"account.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-03-15T00:00:00"}
