{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134370422","doi":null,"title":"Chemical characterization of waste fuel for fluidized bed combustion","display_name":"Chemical characterization of waste fuel for fluidized bed combustion","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134370422","mag":"3134370422"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:bada.hb.se:2320/5214","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2320/5214","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401430","display_name":"Bor\u00e5s Academic Digital Archive (University of Bor\u00e5s)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I992397","host_organization_name":"University of Bor\u00e5s","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I992397"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063690965","display_name":"Frida Claesson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frida Claesson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111519213","display_name":"B.-J. Skrifvars","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.-J. Skrifvars","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043501734","display_name":"Anna-Lena Elled","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna-Lena Elled","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Anders J Johansson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-4845","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-4845"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anders J Johansson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-4845","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61344538,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.8378999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.8378999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11108","display_name":"Municipal Solid Waste Management","score":0.05260000005364418,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11802","display_name":"Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes","score":0.017799999564886093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-derived-fuels","display_name":"waste-derived fuels","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluidized-bed-combustion","display_name":"fluidized bed combustion","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkali-content","display_name":"alkali content","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlorine","display_name":"chlorine","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfur","display_name":"sulfur","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicate-formation","display_name":"silicate formation","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boiler-fouling","display_name":"boiler fouling","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boiler-corrosion","display_name":"boiler corrosion","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-incineration","display_name":"waste incineration","score":0.5870000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.6882182359695435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115792997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1439803","display_name":"Fouling","level":3,"score":0.5971621870994568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780013297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19596153","display_name":"Boiler (water heating)","level":2,"score":0.5366363525390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149849071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1263816","display_name":"Chemical composition","level":2,"score":0.5272908210754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.5135986804962158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196213036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2915573","display_name":"Waste-to-energy","level":3,"score":0.4813845455646515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130751788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622772","display_name":"Incineration","level":2,"score":0.44013530015945435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775925408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13174856","display_name":"Soot","level":3,"score":0.4258808195590973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3800630569458008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3678065538406372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:bada.hb.se:2320/5214","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2320/5214","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401430","display_name":"Bor\u00e5s Academic Digital Archive (University of Bor\u00e5s)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I992397","host_organization_name":"University of Bor\u00e5s","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I992397"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3134370422","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:886845","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.807699978351593,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"},{"score":0.75,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2802764340","https://openalex.org/W2038248054","https://openalex.org/W175010492","https://openalex.org/W4239267502","https://openalex.org/W2066780305","https://openalex.org/W7037326615","https://openalex.org/W108931057","https://openalex.org/W4240242664","https://openalex.org/W2065496195","https://openalex.org/W2313163263"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Combustible":[0],"waste":[1,76,143],"is":[2,11,114,225],"very":[3,226],"heterogeneous":[4],"and":[5,26,36,41,50,57,65,80,98,167,176,205,215,256],"the":[6,16,19,31,47,106,129,132,154,188,192,195,219,223,229,245,248],"variation":[7,155],"in":[8,21,137,150,194,239,251],"chemical":[9,189,231],"composition":[10,130,190],"of":[12,18,23,33,67,90,105,108,131,156,171,187,191,247,253],"great":[13],"significance":[14],"for":[15,165,185],"performance":[17],"combustors":[20],"terms":[22,252],"boiler":[24],"availability":[25],"power":[27],"efficiency.":[28],"For":[29],"example,":[30],"content":[32],"alkali,":[34],"Chlorine":[35],"sulfur":[37],"affect":[38],"agglomeration,":[39],"fouling":[40,255],"corrosion":[42,257],"mechanisms,":[43],"which":[44],"often":[45],"limits":[46],"steam":[48],"data":[49],"requires":[51],"counteracts":[52],"such":[53,173],"as":[54,174,209,211],"soot":[55],"blowing":[56],"outages.":[58],"An":[59],"increased":[60],"knowledge":[61],"on":[62],"favorable":[63],"levels":[64],"ratios":[66],"fuel":[68,93,133,160,240,249],"components":[69,170],"are":[70,95,100,207],"therefore":[71],"highly":[72],"important":[73],"when":[74],"developing":[75],"combustors,":[77],"both":[78],"existing":[79],"future.":[81],"However,":[82],"to":[83,86,102,117,121,152,228],"be":[84],"able":[85],"make":[87],"good":[88],"predictions":[89],"reactions,":[91],"reliable":[92],"analyses":[94],"a":[96,111,138,236],"necessity":[97],"they":[99],"difficult":[101,116],"perform":[103],"because":[104],"heterogeneity":[107],"waste.":[109],"As":[110],"consequence,":[112],"it":[113],"also":[115],"complete":[118],"pro-active":[119],"measure":[120],"reduce":[122],"unwanted":[123],"reactions.":[124],"\\nThis":[125],"work":[126],"has":[127],"investigated":[128],"during":[134],"one":[135],"year":[136],"40":[139],"MW":[140],"commercial":[141],"BFB":[142],"plant.":[144],"Twelve":[145],"samples":[146,161],"have":[147],"been":[148],"performed":[149,184],"order":[151],"estimate":[153],"key":[157],"components.":[158],"The":[159],"were":[162,183],"analyzed":[163],"chemically":[164],"alkali":[166],"several":[168],"other":[169],"interest,":[172],"Cl":[175],"S.":[177],"Moreover,":[178],"thermo-chemical":[179],"multi-phase":[180],"equilibrium":[181],"calculations":[182,220],"prediction":[186],"furnace":[193],"temperature":[196,202],"range":[197,203],"400-1000":[198],"\u00baC.":[199],"In":[200],"this":[201],"NaCl":[204],"PbClx":[206],"formed":[208],"well":[210],"gas":[212],"phase":[213],"HCl":[214],"solid":[216],"silicates.":[217],"Furthermore,":[218],"show":[221],"that":[222,234],"chemistry":[224],"sensitive":[227],"input":[230],"composition,":[232],"suggesting":[233],"already":[235],"minor":[237],"shift":[238],"mineral":[241],"matter":[242],"may":[243],"change":[244],"behavior":[246],"radically":[250],"its":[254],"tendency.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2021-03-15T00:00:00"}
