{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134054343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051426","title":"MTI-YOLO: A Light-Weight and Real-Time Deep Neural Network for Insulator Detection in Complex Aerial Images","display_name":"MTI-YOLO: A Light-Weight and Real-Time Deep Neural Network for Insulator Detection in Complex Aerial Images","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134054343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051426","mag":"3134054343"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/en14051426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051426","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1426/pdf?version=1615276765","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1426/pdf?version=1615276765","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052176980","display_name":"Chuanyang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2014-5680","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2014-5680"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089621","display_name":"Chizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/007cx7r28","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089621"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuanyang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China","College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2014-5680","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089621"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101615578","display_name":"Yiquan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3556-0898","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3556-0898"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yiquan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100442542","display_name":"Jingjing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5481-7639","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5481-7639","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6277-5816"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089621","display_name":"Chizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/007cx7r28","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089621"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jingjing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089621"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103249812","display_name":"Jiaming Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5513-5031","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5513-5031","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3078-9714"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaming Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100442542","https://openalex.org/A5101615578"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089621","https://openalex.org/I9842412"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2160},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2160},"fwci":6.8681,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":112,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98312583,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"5","first_page":"1426","last_page":"1426"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13715","display_name":"Power Line Inspection Robots","score":0.8740000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13715","display_name":"Power Line Inspection Robots","score":0.8740000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.11550000309944153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.004600000102072954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulator-detection","display_name":"insulator detection","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerial-images","display_name":"aerial images","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lightweight-object-detection","display_name":"lightweight object detection","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiscale-feature-fusion","display_name":"multi-scale feature fusion","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-pyramid-pooling","display_name":"spatial pyramid pooling","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-grid-safety","display_name":"power grid safety","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/background-interference","display_name":"background interference","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-detection","display_name":"real-time detection","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-efficiency","display_name":"memory efficiency","score":0.5929999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.659581184387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C212702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178150","display_name":"Insulator (electricity)","level":2,"score":0.6242499351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5617931485176086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4639197587966919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.4620620012283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.44411715865135193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.40237516164779663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.39343124628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3451747000217438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15905892848968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07674944400787354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.06667527556419373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/en14051426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051426","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1426/pdf?version=1615276765","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:5:p:1426-:d:511167","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1426/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:da66652a1d954c94b1e43b1cf5adb08b","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/da66652a1d954c94b1e43b1cf5adb08b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Energies, Vol 14, Iss 5, p 1426 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/en14051426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051426","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1426/pdf?version=1615276765","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.7207000255584717,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8397543063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201900029","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326873","funder_display_name":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326873","display_name":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition","ror":"https://ror.org/02aztsv52"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134054343.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134054343.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1978459068","https://openalex.org/W2018622255","https://openalex.org/W2037123093","https://openalex.org/W2065039610","https://openalex.org/W2067148018","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2109255472","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2243417253","https://openalex.org/W2302255633","https://openalex.org/W2383401358","https://openalex.org/W2539675563","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2625853594","https://openalex.org/W2637886368","https://openalex.org/W2783876128","https://openalex.org/W2796347433","https://openalex.org/W2807888105","https://openalex.org/W2808930965","https://openalex.org/W2888396843","https://openalex.org/W2897772777","https://openalex.org/W2910009410","https://openalex.org/W2911653429","https://openalex.org/W2914255620","https://openalex.org/W2914683845","https://openalex.org/W2923837612","https://openalex.org/W2923974506","https://openalex.org/W2944885551","https://openalex.org/W2951548327","https://openalex.org/W2963346150","https://openalex.org/W2963857746","https://openalex.org/W2977798290","https://openalex.org/W2995806698","https://openalex.org/W2998213123","https://openalex.org/W3005451572","https://openalex.org/W3012251373","https://openalex.org/W3013691622","https://openalex.org/W3015146731","https://openalex.org/W3016641475","https://openalex.org/W3035344055","https://openalex.org/W3047479309","https://openalex.org/W3081523786","https://openalex.org/W3092108332","https://openalex.org/W3098650625","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W4230018467"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200466552","https://openalex.org/W3136421595","https://openalex.org/W4292972665","https://openalex.org/W4376472058","https://openalex.org/W4415672173","https://openalex.org/W4391659952","https://openalex.org/W7104177050","https://openalex.org/W4384518330","https://openalex.org/W4415745834","https://openalex.org/W4379053740"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Insulator":[0],"detection":[1,74,103,112],"is":[2,97,158,179,190],"an":[3],"essential":[4],"task":[5],"for":[6,47,68,72],"the":[7,42,65,91,102,121,130,134,139,147,172,176,183,187,206],"safety":[8],"and":[9,59,90,120,138,144,160,165,170,192,197,202,216],"reliable":[10],"operation":[11],"of":[12,44,80,105,108,116,154,175,186],"intelligent":[13],"grids.":[14],"Owing":[15],"to":[16,40,100,129],"insulator":[17,48,69,73,83],"images":[18,84],"including":[19],"various":[20],"background":[21],"interferences,":[22],"most":[23],"traditional":[24],"image-processing":[25],"methods":[26],"cannot":[27],"achieve":[28,51],"good":[29,53,210],"performance.":[30],"Some":[31],"You":[32],"Only":[33],"Look":[34],"Once":[35],"(YOLO)":[36],"networks":[37,141],"are":[38,85,127,142],"employed":[39],"meet":[41],"requirements":[43],"actual":[45],"applications":[46],"detection.":[49],"To":[50],"a":[52,114],"trade-off":[54],"among":[55],"accuracy,":[56],"running":[57,173],"time,":[58],"memory":[60,184],"storage,":[61],"this":[62],"work":[63],"proposes":[64],"modified":[66],"YOLO-tiny":[67,164,169],"(MTI-YOLO)":[70],"network":[71,137,157,178,189,208],"in":[75,87,212],"complex":[76,214],"aerial":[77],"images.":[78],"First":[79],"all,":[81],"composite":[82],"collected":[86],"common":[88],"scenes":[89],"\u201cCCIN_detection\u201d":[92,148],"(Chinese":[93],"Composite":[94],"INsulator)":[95],"dataset":[96],"constructed.":[98],"Secondly,":[99],"improve":[101],"accuracy":[104],"different":[106],"sizes":[107],"insulator,":[109],"multi-scale":[110,117],"feature":[111,118],"headers,":[113],"structure":[115],"fusion,":[119],"spatial":[122],"pyramid":[123],"pooling":[124],"(SPP)":[125],"model":[126],"adopted":[128],"MTI-YOLO":[131,136],"network.":[132],"Finally,":[133],"proposed":[135,156,177,188,207],"compared":[140],"trained":[143],"tested":[145],"on":[146],"dataset.":[149],"The":[150],"average":[151],"precision":[152],"(AP)":[153],"our":[155],"17%":[159],"9%":[161],"higher":[162],"than":[163,195],"YOLO-v2.":[166],"Compared":[167],"with":[168],"YOLO-v2,":[171],"time":[174],"slightly":[180],"higher.":[181],"Furthermore,":[182],"usage":[185],"25.6%":[191],"38.9%":[193],"lower":[194],"YOLO-v2":[196],"YOLO-v3,":[198],"respectively.":[199],"Experimental":[200],"results":[201],"analysis":[203],"validate":[204],"that":[205],"achieves":[209],"performance":[211],"both":[213],"backgrounds":[215],"bright":[217],"illumination":[218],"conditions.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2021-03-15T00:00:00"}