{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134030620","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2021.1879904","title":"\u2018Business without social responsibility is business without morality\u2019: employer engagement in upper secondary technical and vocational education and training schools in Ghana","display_name":"\u2018Business without social responsibility is business without morality\u2019: employer engagement in upper secondary technical and vocational education and training schools in Ghana","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134030620","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2021.1879904","mag":"3134030620"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/13636820.2021.1879904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2021.1879904","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2021.1879904","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171403","display_name":"Journal of Vocational Education and Training","issn_l":"1363-6820","issn":["1363-6820","1747-5090"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Vocational Education & Training","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W3134030620"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035623941","display_name":"Alice Amegah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9025-4041","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9025-4041"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alice Amegah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Education, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9025-4041","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Education, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035623941"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8459,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90912769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":"2","first_page":"391","last_page":"415"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13532","display_name":"Education Systems and Policy","score":0.7143999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13532","display_name":"Education Systems and Policy","score":0.7143999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13872","display_name":"Vocational and Entrepreneurial Education","score":0.2667999863624573,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14508","display_name":"Vocational Education and Training","score":0.013799999840557575,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employer-engagement","display_name":"employer engagement","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technical-and-vocational-education","display_name":"technical and vocational education and training","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-secondary-school","display_name":"upper secondary school","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ghana","display_name":"Ghana","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-education-partnership","display_name":"industry-education partnership","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workforce-skills","display_name":"employability skills","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-market","display_name":"labor market","score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education-policy","display_name":"education policy","score":0.5830000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15302153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470863","display_name":"Employability","level":2,"score":0.8522045612335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C668760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6869278","display_name":"Vocational education","level":2,"score":0.7500451803207397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5921074748039246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780623907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106394435","display_name":"Disadvantaged","level":2,"score":0.528112530708313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107806365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253567","display_name":"Apprenticeship","level":2,"score":0.4984588623046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.4535386264324188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.442246675491333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.39217156171798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3077760338783264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3015586733818054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2795620262622833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.22973665595054626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1887231469154358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/13636820.2021.1879904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2021.1879904","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2021.1879904","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171403","display_name":"Journal of Vocational Education and Training","issn_l":"1363-6820","issn":["1363-6820","1747-5090"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Vocational Education & Training","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8278999924659729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W58351632","https://openalex.org/W163798188","https://openalex.org/W1514860163","https://openalex.org/W1542932561","https://openalex.org/W1557884555","https://openalex.org/W1599188543","https://openalex.org/W1614130712","https://openalex.org/W1757792770","https://openalex.org/W1974606371","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W2020335778","https://openalex.org/W2033289814","https://openalex.org/W2053395393","https://openalex.org/W2084216179","https://openalex.org/W2093332906","https://openalex.org/W2240081514","https://openalex.org/W2263324933","https://openalex.org/W2336950386","https://openalex.org/W2342829137","https://openalex.org/W2414320691","https://openalex.org/W2468976434","https://openalex.org/W2551863754","https://openalex.org/W2598215688","https://openalex.org/W2616498194","https://openalex.org/W2693110675","https://openalex.org/W2743072699","https://openalex.org/W2752258734","https://openalex.org/W2769360512","https://openalex.org/W2789991107","https://openalex.org/W2796288095","https://openalex.org/W2904208923","https://openalex.org/W2904606499","https://openalex.org/W2943916645","https://openalex.org/W2981735569","https://openalex.org/W2990711126","https://openalex.org/W3036845265","https://openalex.org/W3048401486","https://openalex.org/W4206352049","https://openalex.org/W4214756639","https://openalex.org/W4252365391"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414981271","https://openalex.org/W4280578300","https://openalex.org/W4200353483","https://openalex.org/W4400352164","https://openalex.org/W4245583441","https://openalex.org/W2598909264","https://openalex.org/W1486263177","https://openalex.org/W2330178755","https://openalex.org/W7100059740","https://openalex.org/W3128063650"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Technical":[0],"and":[1,4,11,58,70,92,105,140,158,177,186],"vocational":[2],"education":[3,165,194],"training":[5],"(TVET)":[6],"have":[7],"both":[8],"an":[9,170],"educational":[10],"professional":[12],"function.":[13],"Although":[14],"employer":[15,25,37,55,116,163,191],"engagement":[16,26,38,56,117,192],"is":[17,51,169],"necessary":[18],"to":[19,182],"execute":[20],"the":[21,120,145,152,184],"latter":[22],"function":[23],"effectively,":[24],"remains":[27],"a":[28,160,189],"problem":[29],"for":[30,173],"most":[31],"TVET":[32,42,84,103,110,132],"institutions.":[33],"This":[34],"research":[35,179],"investigates":[36],"in":[39,44,136,144,180,193],"upper":[40,101,130],"secondary":[41,102,131],"schools":[43],"Ghana.":[45],"The":[46,73],"analysis":[47,74],"of":[48,154,188],"this":[49],"paper":[50],"based":[52],"on":[53],"existing":[54],"literature":[57],"empirical":[59,175],"data":[60],"collected":[61],"through":[62],"semi-structured":[63],"interviews":[64],"with":[65,81,100,107],"three":[66],"employers,":[67],"two":[68,71,76],"headmasters":[69],"policymakers.":[72],"reveals":[75],"key":[77],"themes:":[78],"\u2018Not":[79],"engaging":[80],"Upper":[82,108],"Secondary":[83,109],"Schools\u2019,":[85,111],"which":[86,112],"discusses":[87,113],"how":[88],"some":[89],"multinational":[90],"food":[91],"consumer":[93],"products":[94],"manufacturing":[95],"industries":[96],"did":[97],"not":[98,126],"engage":[99],"schools,":[104],"\u2018Engaging":[106],"seven":[114],"identified":[115],"activities.":[118],"Overall,":[119],"findings":[121],"are":[122],"worrying":[123],"and,":[124],"if":[125],"rectified,":[127],"will":[128],"render":[129],"school":[133],"learners":[134],"disadvantaged":[135],"advanced":[137],"technical,":[138],"technological":[139],"employability":[141],"skills":[142],"desirable":[143],"labour":[146],"market.":[147],"To":[148],"rectify":[149],"these":[150],"concerns,":[151],"Government":[153],"Ghana":[155,181],"should":[156],"establish":[157],"implement":[159],"robust":[161],"national":[162,190],"engagement-oriented":[164],"framework.":[166,195],"Second,":[167],"there":[168],"urgent":[171],"need":[172],"further":[174],"qualitative":[176],"quantitative":[178],"inform":[183],"design":[185],"implementation":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-03-15T00:00:00"}