{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3133874138","doi":null,"title":"Class Means as an Early Exit Decision Mechanism.","display_name":"Class Means as an Early Exit Decision Mechanism.","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3133874138","mag":"3133874138"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:3133874138","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.01148.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.01148.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067499273","display_name":"Alperen G\u00f6rmez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8657-6853","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8657-6853"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alperen G\u00f6rmez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at #TAB#Chicago"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8657-6853","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at #TAB#Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046275838","display_name":"Erdem Koyuncu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6238-0470","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6238-0470"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erdem Koyuncu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at #TAB#Chicago"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6238-0470","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at #TAB#Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-exit","display_name":"early exit","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-network","display_name":"artificial neural networks","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-power-devices","display_name":"low-power devices","score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-edge-networks","display_name":"wireless edge networks","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-free-training","display_name":"gradient-free training","score":0.38999998569488525}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8151070475578308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6980891227722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6817002892494202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5714896321296692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5679033994674683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5115748047828674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.5085166692733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48426124453544617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.45723801851272583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4480297863483429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4103265702724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:3133874138","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.01148.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:3133874138","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.01148.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2179423374","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2242818861","https://openalex.org/W2267244539","https://openalex.org/W2432717477","https://openalex.org/W2601450892","https://openalex.org/W2626778328","https://openalex.org/W2739542029","https://openalex.org/W2884751099","https://openalex.org/W2951244744","https://openalex.org/W2962677625","https://openalex.org/W2964105864","https://openalex.org/W2964137095","https://openalex.org/W2999211665","https://openalex.org/W3030163527","https://openalex.org/W3033737024","https://openalex.org/W3035038672","https://openalex.org/W3091905774","https://openalex.org/W3118608800"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4307533962","https://openalex.org/W4400810926","https://openalex.org/W4313197238","https://openalex.org/W6964089784","https://openalex.org/W4402337959","https://openalex.org/W4406448540","https://openalex.org/W7130492142","https://openalex.org/W4414749952","https://openalex.org/W4285070135","https://openalex.org/W4413136273"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"State-of-the-art":[0],"neural":[1,58],"networks":[2],"with":[3,19,105],"early":[4,27,86,108],"exit":[5,28,87,109],"mechanisms":[6],"often":[7],"need":[8],"considerable":[9],"amount":[10],"of":[11,35,48],"training":[12,47,60,74,97],"and":[13,122],"fine-tuning":[14],"to":[15,84,111],"achieve":[16],"good":[17],"performance":[18],"low":[20],"computational":[21,120],"cost.":[22],"We":[23],"propose":[24],"a":[25,72,116],"novel":[26],"technique":[29],"based":[30],"on":[31,95],"the":[32,96],"class":[33],"means":[34],"samples.":[36],"Unlike":[37],"most":[38],"existing":[39,85,107],"schemes,":[40],"our":[41,53,77,100],"method":[42,54,101],"does":[43],"not":[44],"require":[45],"gradient-based":[46],"internal":[49],"classifiers.":[50],"This":[51],"makes":[52],"particularly":[55],"useful":[56],"for":[57],"network":[59,123],"in":[61,65],"low-power":[62],"devices,":[63],"as":[64,82],"wireless":[66],"edge":[67],"networks.":[68],"In":[69],"particular,":[70],"given":[71],"fixed":[73],"time":[75,98],"budget,":[76,99],"scheme":[78,110],"achieves":[79],"higher":[80],"accuracy":[81],"compared":[83],"mechanisms.":[88],"Moreover,":[89],"if":[90],"there":[91],"are":[92],"no":[93],"limitations":[94],"can":[102],"be":[103],"combined":[104],"an":[106],"boost":[112],"its":[113],"performance,":[114],"achieving":[115],"better":[117],"trade-off":[118],"between":[119],"cost":[121],"accuracy.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2021-03-15T00:00:00"}