{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3133636662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-01812-z","title":"APOL1 variant alleles associate with reduced risk for opportunistic infections in HIV infection","display_name":"APOL1 variant alleles associate with reduced risk for opportunistic infections in HIV infection","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3133636662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-01812-z","mag":"3133636662","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33674766","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7977062"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s42003-021-01812-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-01812-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-01812-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-021-01812-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210225776","display_name":"Communications Biology","issn_l":"2399-3642","issn":["2399-3642"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-021-01812-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026453706","display_name":"Ping An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5322-3510","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5322-3510"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130649","display_name":"Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03v6m3209","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210130649","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ping An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA. ping.an@nih.gov","Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5322-3510","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA. ping.an@nih.gov","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021174211","display_name":"Efe Sezg\u0131n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8000-7485","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8000-7485"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120217413","display_name":"Izmir Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03stptj97","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120217413"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130649","display_name":"Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03v6m3209","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210130649","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["TR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Efe Sezgin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA","Department of Epidemiology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA","Laboratory of Nutrigenomics and Epidemiology, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8000-7485","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Nutrigenomics and Epidemiology, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120217413"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068280445","display_name":"Gregory Dale Kirk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-1405","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-1405"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregory D. Kirk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA","Department of Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080343068","display_name":"Priya Duggal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-2081","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-2081"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Priya Duggal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-2081","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062126467","display_name":"Elizabeth A. Binns-Roemer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130649","display_name":"Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03v6m3209","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210130649","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Binns-Roemer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103562318","display_name":"George W. Nelson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1075-8459","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1075-8459"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130649","display_name":"Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03v6m3209","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210130649","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149717","display_name":"Center for Cancer Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05bjen692","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884","https://openalex.org/I4210149717"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4396570585","display_name":"Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00bardy64","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114662689","https://openalex.org/I4396570585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Nelson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Cancer Research Informatics Core, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Cancer Research Informatics Core, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130649","https://openalex.org/I4210149717","https://openalex.org/I4396570585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082182356","display_name":"Sophie Limou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7702-8234","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7702-8234"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100445878","display_name":"\u00c9cole Centrale de Nantes","ror":"https://ror.org/03nh7d505","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100445878","https://openalex.org/I97188460"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019204325","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes","ror":"https://ror.org/05c1qsg97","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019204325"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112643","display_name":"Institut de Transplantation Urologie en Nephrologie","ror":"https://ror.org/02dm0bq25","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I4210105774","https://openalex.org/I4210112643"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130649","display_name":"Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03v6m3209","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210130649","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260337","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Nantes","ror":"https://ror.org/03kjmz544","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260337","https://openalex.org/I97188460"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97188460","display_name":"Nantes Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/03gnr7b55","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sophie Limou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA","CRTI UMR1064, Inserm, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes & ITUN, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France","Ecole Centrale de Nantes, Nantes, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CRTI UMR1064, Inserm, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes & ITUN, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I3019204325","https://openalex.org/I4210112643","https://openalex.org/I4405260337","https://openalex.org/I97188460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Centrale de Nantes, Nantes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100445878","https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056997652","display_name":"Mark L. Van Natta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3219-9451","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3219-9451"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark L. Van Natta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082563606","display_name":"Douglas A. Jabs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0368-1361","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0368-1361"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas A. Jabs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA","Department of Ophthalmology, the Wilmer Eye Institute, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, the Wilmer Eye Institute, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041398963","display_name":"Michelle M. Estrella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8902-9576","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8902-9576"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143381","display_name":"San Francisco VA Health Care System","ror":"https://ror.org/04g9q2h37","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210125474","https://openalex.org/I4210143381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michelle Estrella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kidney Health Research Collaborative, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA","San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kidney Health Research Collaborative, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044494633","display_name":"Jeffrey B. Kopp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9052-186X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9052-186X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090567","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210090567"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey B. Kopp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9052-186X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210090567"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024733766","display_name":"Cheryl Ann Winkler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5552-0917","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5552-0917"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130649","display_name":"Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03v6m3209","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210130649","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cheryl A. Winkler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA. winklerc@mail.nih.gov","Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5552-0917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA. winklerc@mail.nih.gov","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130649"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":16,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024733766","https://openalex.org/A5026453706"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130649"],"apc_list":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"apc_paid":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"fwci":0.3223,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19811321,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"284","last_page":"284"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10890","display_name":"Trypanosoma species research and implications","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apol1","display_name":"APOL1","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1","display_name":"HIV-1","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opportunistic-infections","display_name":"opportunistic infections","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innate-immunity","display_name":"innate immunity","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fungal-infection","display_name":"fungal infection","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycobacterial-infection","display_name":"mycobacterial infection","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parasitic-infection","display_name":"parasitic infection","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-infection","display_name":"viral infection","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-defense","display_name":"host defense","score":0.5460000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.663764476776123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180754005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80726","display_name":"Allele","level":3,"score":0.6541544198989868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6412494778633118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.5024588108062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.4566026031970978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32762888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235356","display_name":"Carriage","level":2,"score":0.44898751378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.4220576882362366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.4202324450016022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.34815841913223267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.26820555329322815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.15229663252830505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1503070592880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000075944","descriptor_name":"Apolipoprotein L1","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007113","descriptor_name":"Immunity, Innate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014644","descriptor_name":"Genetic Variation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015497","descriptor_name":"HIV-1","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015497","descriptor_name":"HIV-1","qualifier_ui":"Q000472","qualifier_name":"pathogenicity","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017088","descriptor_name":"AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017088","descriptor_name":"AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017088","descriptor_name":"AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017088","descriptor_name":"AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020022","descriptor_name":"Genetic Predisposition to Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065840","descriptor_name":"Protective Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s42003-021-01812-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-01812-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-01812-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-021-01812-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210225776","display_name":"Communications Biology","issn_l":"2399-3642","issn":["2399-3642"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7977062","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7977062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Commun Biol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:33674766","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33674766","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gcris.iyte.edu.tr:11147/11591","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11147/11591","pdf_url":"http://gcris.iyte.edu.tr/bitstreams/69ebdecb-f79a-4176-895b-fd81f6464617/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400894","display_name":"\u0130YTE (\u0130ZM\u0130R Y\u00dcKSEK TEKNOLOJ\u0130 ENST\u0130T\u00dcS\u00dc)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I120217413","host_organization_name":"Izmir Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120217413"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:inserm-04358586v1","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inserm.hal.science/inserm-04358586v1/document","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Communications Biology, 2021, 4 (1), pp.284. ⟨10.1038/s42003-021-01812-z⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:inserm-04559598v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://inserm.hal.science/inserm-04559598","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 2399-3642","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:831bd8c038714b82bb61a55cbf435f8a","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/831bd8c038714b82bb61a55cbf435f8a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Communications Biology, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s42003-021-01812-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-01812-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-01812-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-021-01812-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210225776","display_name":"Communications Biology","issn_l":"2399-3642","issn":["2399-3642"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1059889365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EY 08057","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","funder_display_name":"National Eye Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1568124596","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U10 EY08052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309658","funder_display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1653542590","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HHSN261200800001E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1913134163","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI-050409","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1920318090","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EY 08067","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","funder_display_name":"National Eye Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2430231950","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U10 EY 08057","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332669","funder_display_name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2435036225","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL146242","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2840405583","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL146241","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2905730301","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DA-04334","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2908001938","display_name":"Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS - Reading Center","funder_award_id":"U10EY008067","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","funder_display_name":"National Eye Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G311558797","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30\u2010AI\u2010050410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337677","funder_display_name":"Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3126495888","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01-HL146205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306085","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3503792436","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#HHSN261200800001E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3547560438","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HHSN261200800001E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G386607036","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HHSN261200800001E)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3869857964","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30-AI-027767","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337677","funder_display_name":"Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G409006598","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL146204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4380261258","display_name":"Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS - Chairman's Office","funder_award_id":"U10EY008052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","funder_display_name":"National Eye Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4585269469","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HHSN261200800001E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306085","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4586057299","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HHSN261200800001E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4756138391","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HHSN261200800001E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4953964255","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL146192","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4988656331","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HHSN261200800001E.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313762","funder_display_name":"Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5147848267","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL146333","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5412297124","display_name":"Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS - Coordinating Center","funder_award_id":"U10EY008057","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","funder_display_name":"National Eye Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5660189159","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL146240","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5699974340","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30 AI027767","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334435","funder_display_name":"Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5737582129","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HHSN261200800001E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5817808917","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL146202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5863844756","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL146208","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5867949827","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HHSN261200800001E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5883306605","display_name":"Clinical and Translational Science Institute","funder_award_id":"UL1TR000004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5888954722","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HHSN261200800001C","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5897683787","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01-HL146193","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306085","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5900455136","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI050410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6268431163","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01-HL146201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306085","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6384504179","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30-AI-050410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332622","funder_display_name":"University of California, San Francisco"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6396423216","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL146201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6432565278","display_name":"Natural History of HIV Infection in Injection Drug Users","funder_award_id":"R01DA004334","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6509896931","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30-AI-050409","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332622","funder_display_name":"University of California, San Francisco"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6670118009","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EY 08052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","funder_display_name":"National Eye Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6696250203","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01-HL146240","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306085","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6759032351","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL146203","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6809319421","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL146245","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6990385686","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TR000004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332622","funder_display_name":"University of California, San Francisco"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7152846654","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL146193","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7454986501","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL146205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G775892330","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UL1-TR000004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332622","funder_display_name":"University of California, San Francisco"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7807729167","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UL1-TR000004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316438","funder_display_name":"Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8092408809","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HHSN261200800001E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337352","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000034708","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI050409","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000080293","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TR000004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000119194","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DA04334","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000859640","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh MACS/WIHS CCS","funder_award_id":"U01HL146208","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000862795","display_name":"MACS/WIHS -CCS","funder_award_id":"U01HL146203","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000878235","display_name":"SF Bay Area MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study","funder_award_id":"U01HL146242","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000879139","display_name":"UNC MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study Clinical Research Site","funder_award_id":"U01HL146194","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000881889","display_name":"Surviving the HIV Epidemic (S/HE) in metropolitan Washington DC - Advancing knowledge through cohort studies","funder_award_id":"U01HL146205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000885469","display_name":"Center for AIDS Research at Emory University","funder_award_id":"P30AI050409","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000889094","display_name":"Northwestern CORE Clinical Research Site: Trans-omics for HIV/AIDS Research","funder_award_id":"U01HL146240","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000889344","display_name":"Los Angeles CRS for the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study","funder_award_id":"U01HL146333","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000889872","display_name":"Data Analysis and Coordination Center for the MACS-WIHS Combined Cohort Study","funder_award_id":"U01HL146193","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000891625","display_name":"MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study: Cook County Clinical Research Site (CC_CRS)","funder_award_id":"U01HL146245","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000894295","display_name":"The University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research","funder_award_id":"P30AI050410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000897571","display_name":"MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study: Brooklyn Clinical Research Site (Bklyn CRS)","funder_award_id":"U01HL146202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000903343","display_name":"Clinical Research Sites for the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MACS/WIHS-CCS) - Baltimore/Wash DC Center","funder_award_id":"U01HL146201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000907693","display_name":"Atlanta MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study Clinical Research Site","funder_award_id":"U01HL146241","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000909986","display_name":"UAB-MISS MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study","funder_award_id":"U01HL146192","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000919281","display_name":"Clinical Research Sites for the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study  (MACS/WIHS-CCS)","funder_award_id":"U01HL146204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000921343","display_name":"UAB Center for AIDS Research (CFAR)","funder_award_id":"P30AI027767","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G929137571","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI027767","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306085","display_name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","ror":"https://ror.org/033jnv181"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309475","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309658","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310145","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313762","display_name":"Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03v6m3209"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316438","display_name":"Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance","ror":"https://ror.org/034hw7m59"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332622","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332669","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334435","display_name":"Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","ror":"https://ror.org/02jzrsm59"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","display_name":"National Eye Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03wkg3b53"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337352","display_name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","ror":"https://ror.org/04mhx6838"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337353","display_name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01y3zfr79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","ror":"https://ror.org/01s5ya894"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/004a2wv92"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337472","display_name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337534","display_name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","ror":"https://ror.org/0493hgw16"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337677","display_name":"Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3133636662.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3133636662.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83140780","https://openalex.org/W1506224745","https://openalex.org/W1596902544","https://openalex.org/W1708228311","https://openalex.org/W1978380423","https://openalex.org/W1978442399","https://openalex.org/W1981426400","https://openalex.org/W1985877825","https://openalex.org/W2004577335","https://openalex.org/W2027065592","https://openalex.org/W2030923116","https://openalex.org/W2035911162","https://openalex.org/W2049842836","https://openalex.org/W2081872599","https://openalex.org/W2084650334","https://openalex.org/W2092001580","https://openalex.org/W2101161530","https://openalex.org/W2107328434","https://openalex.org/W2107911711","https://openalex.org/W2108116635","https://openalex.org/W2110595758","https://openalex.org/W2116258000","https://openalex.org/W2124641083","https://openalex.org/W2125952756","https://openalex.org/W2130473617","https://openalex.org/W2137096226","https://openalex.org/W2137124164","https://openalex.org/W2141876271","https://openalex.org/W2145004838","https://openalex.org/W2152434260","https://openalex.org/W2157752701","https://openalex.org/W2159281103","https://openalex.org/W2163142190","https://openalex.org/W2170821252","https://openalex.org/W2261682386","https://openalex.org/W2467769480","https://openalex.org/W2517119803","https://openalex.org/W2557180216","https://openalex.org/W2619254835","https://openalex.org/W2771244731","https://openalex.org/W2783447999","https://openalex.org/W2888943797","https://openalex.org/W2898984886","https://openalex.org/W2911684192","https://openalex.org/W2987148126","https://openalex.org/W2988522900","https://openalex.org/W3040054418","https://openalex.org/W3207530515","https://openalex.org/W4232058719","https://openalex.org/W4247917425"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2911684192","https://openalex.org/W2137124164","https://openalex.org/W2517935541","https://openalex.org/W2065626589","https://openalex.org/W2591627884","https://openalex.org/W2226021663","https://openalex.org/W1991718850","https://openalex.org/W3154232117","https://openalex.org/W4388105794","https://openalex.org/W2165723093"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Apolipoprotein":[1],"L1":[2],"(APOL1),":[3],"an":[4,112],"innate":[5,137],"immune":[6],"factor":[7],"against":[8,121],"African":[9,48],"trypanosoma":[10],"brucei,":[11],"inhibits":[12],"HIV-1":[13],"in":[14,71,123,136,139],"vitro.":[15],"The":[16,126],"impact":[17],"of":[18,36,60,73,83,95,114,132],"APOL1":[19,62,115,133],"G1-G2":[20],"variants":[21],"on":[22],"HIV-1-associated":[23],"opportunistic":[24],"infections":[25,100],"(OIs)":[26],"is":[27,65],"unknown.":[28],"Here,":[29],"we":[30],"report":[31],"findings":[32],"from":[33,98],"a":[34,52,68,129],"metaanalysis":[35],"four":[37,57],"HIV/AIDS":[38],"prospective":[39],"cohorts":[40],"(ALIVE,":[41],"LSOCA,":[42],"MACS,":[43],"and":[44,90],"WIHS)":[45],"including":[46],"2066":[47],"American":[49],"participants.":[50],"Using":[51],"global":[53],"test":[54],"combining":[55],"all":[56],"cohorts,":[58],"carriage":[59],"two":[61],"variant":[63,116,134],"alleles":[64,117,135],"associated":[66],"with":[67,118],"50%":[69],"reduction":[70],"odds":[72],"OI":[74,84,122],"(combined":[75],"OR":[76],"0.50,":[77],"95%":[78,103],"CI":[79,104],"0.33-0.76).":[80],"Subgroup":[81],"analysis":[82],"etiological":[85],"categories":[86],"(viral,":[87],"parasitic,":[88],"fungal":[89,99],"Mycobacterial)":[91],"suggests":[92,128],"the":[93],"possibility":[94],"specific":[96],"protection":[97,120],"(OR":[101],"0.54.":[102],"0.32-0.93;":[105],"PBonferroni":[106],"corrected":[107],"=":[108],"0.08).":[109],"We":[110],"observe":[111],"association":[113],"host":[119],"HIV-positive":[124],"individuals.":[125],"study":[127],"broader":[130],"role":[131],"immunity":[138],"vivo.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2021-03-15T00:00:00"}