{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3133512771","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31009/indret.2020.i2.01","title":"Smart contracts o Code is Law","display_name":"Smart contracts o Code is Law","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3133512771","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31009/indret.2020.i2.01","mag":"3133512771"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31009/indret.2020.i2.01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31009/indret.2020.i2.01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31009/indret.2020.i2.01","pdf_url":"https://raco.cat/index.php/InDret/article/download/375133/468543","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306513162","display_name":"Indret: Revista para el An\u00e1lisis del Derecho","issn_l":"1698-739X","issn":["1698-739X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"InDret","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://raco.cat/index.php/InDret/article/download/375133/468543","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020797772","display_name":"Cristina Argelich Comelles","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6530-525X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6530-525X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39147953","display_name":"Universidad de C\u00e1diz","ror":"https://ror.org/04mxxkb11","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39147953"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cristina Argelich Comelles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Comelles Universidad de C\u00e1diz -","Los Estados se refieren cronol\u00f3gicamente a Vermont, Nevada, Delaware y Arizona. El 6 de febrero de 2016, Vermont","aprob\u00f3 la Bill","mediante Blockchain,","personalizaci\u00f3n con Ethereum, los errores de programaci\u00f3n y la responsabilidad civil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Comelles Universidad de C\u00e1diz -","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39147953"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Los Estados se refieren cronol\u00f3gicamente a Vermont, Nevada, Delaware y Arizona. El 6 de febrero de 2016, Vermont","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"aprob\u00f3 la Bill","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"mediante Blockchain,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"personalizaci\u00f3n con Ethereum, los errores de programaci\u00f3n y la responsabilidad civil","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020797772"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39147953"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.0895,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98473849,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"2","first_page":"7","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13475","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Law","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13475","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Law","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-contracts","display_name":"smart contracts","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-nature-of-smart-contracts","display_name":"legal nature of smart contracts","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"blockchain","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-protection","display_name":"consumer protection","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethereum","display_name":"Ethereum","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-errors","display_name":"coding errors","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-liability","display_name":"civil liability","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personal-data-protection","display_name":"personal data protection","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"encryption","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contract-formation","display_name":"contract formation","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contract-execution","display_name":"contract execution","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-regulation","display_name":"European regulation","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unidroit","display_name":"UNIDROIT","score":0.878000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5387481451034546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.36326321959495544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3202991485595703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.23403394222259521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22626164555549622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.21945002675056458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31009/indret.2020.i2.01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31009/indret.2020.i2.01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31009/indret.2020.i2.01","pdf_url":"https://raco.cat/index.php/InDret/article/download/375133/468543","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306513162","display_name":"Indret: Revista para el An\u00e1lisis del Derecho","issn_l":"1698-739X","issn":["1698-739X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"InDret","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositori-api.upf.edu:10230/64477","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.raco.cat/index.php/InDret/article/view/375133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402615","display_name":"Repositori digital de la UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170486558","host_organization_name":"Universitat Pompeu Fabra","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"RACO (Revistes Catalanes amb Acc\u00e9s Obert)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:54d7ae349cdb4a6e97db07043cfeadc9","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/54d7ae349cdb4a6e97db07043cfeadc9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"InDret (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hispana.mcu.es:59521881","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10486/718861","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196108","display_name":"Hispana","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"research article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/718861","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10486/718861","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400964","display_name":"Biblos-e Archivo (Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63634437","host_organization_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"research article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:rodin.uca.es:10498/36115","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10498/36115","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400506","display_name":"RODIN (Universidad de C\u00e1diz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39147953","host_organization_name":"Universidad de C\u00e1diz","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39147953"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Indret: Revista para el An\u00e1lisis del Derecho, N\u00ba. 2, 2020","raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"mag:3098718977","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=7599676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306513162","display_name":"Indret: Revista para el An\u00e1lisis del Derecho","issn_l":"1698-739X","issn":["1698-739X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Indret: Revista para el An\u00e1lisis del Derecho","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31009/indret.2020.i2.01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31009/indret.2020.i2.01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31009/indret.2020.i2.01","pdf_url":"https://raco.cat/index.php/InDret/article/download/375133/468543","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306513162","display_name":"Indret: Revista para el An\u00e1lisis del Derecho","issn_l":"1698-739X","issn":["1698-739X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"InDret","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3133512771.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3133512771.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1780243352","https://openalex.org/W2042944432","https://openalex.org/W2133963300","https://openalex.org/W2154505708","https://openalex.org/W2392113277","https://openalex.org/W2492225046","https://openalex.org/W2539190473","https://openalex.org/W2560275304","https://openalex.org/W2572396395","https://openalex.org/W2583580882","https://openalex.org/W2736611598","https://openalex.org/W2745969156","https://openalex.org/W2762995172","https://openalex.org/W2801661589","https://openalex.org/W2810755183","https://openalex.org/W2836301603","https://openalex.org/W2886208579","https://openalex.org/W2912599798","https://openalex.org/W3108138685","https://openalex.org/W3124647482","https://openalex.org/W4234770339","https://openalex.org/W4298070567","https://openalex.org/W4388066503","https://openalex.org/W7061382628"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3098718977","https://openalex.org/W2589372333","https://openalex.org/W7058084652","https://openalex.org/W3180609445","https://openalex.org/W3185133338","https://openalex.org/W2952170463","https://openalex.org/W6927277077","https://openalex.org/W2531394469","https://openalex.org/W7162623347","https://openalex.org/W6979892592"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smart":[0],"contracts":[1,86],"o":[2],"Code":[3],"is":[4],"Law:":[5],"soluciones":[6,16],"legales":[7],"para":[8],"la":[9,46,62,65,75,118],"robotizaci\u00f3n":[10],"contractualSumario":[11],"-El":[12],"presente":[13],"trabajo":[14],"ofrece":[15],"a":[17],"los":[18,23,57,84,101,109],"problemas":[19],"jur\u00eddicos":[20],"que":[21,36,82],"plantean":[22,83],"smart":[24,85],"contracts,":[25],"por":[26],"tratarse":[27],"de":[28,59,69,71,88,100,115],"cl\u00e1usulas":[29],"contractuales":[30],"autoimplementadas":[31],"en":[32,93,97,108,112],"un":[33],"c\u00f3digo":[34],"inform\u00e1tico":[35],"autoejecuta":[37],"su":[38,42,53],"contenido.Estos":[39],"versan":[40],"sobre":[41],"discutida":[43],"naturaleza":[44],"jur\u00eddica,":[45],"adhesi\u00f3n":[47],"del":[48,79],"consumidor":[49],"2.0":[50],"mediante":[51],"Blockchain,":[52],"personalizaci\u00f3n":[54],"con":[55],"Ethereum,":[56],"errores":[58],"programaci\u00f3n":[60],"y":[61,67,74,77,104,117],"responsabilidad":[63],"civil,":[64],"protecci\u00f3n":[66],"encriptaci\u00f3n":[68],"datos":[70],"car\u00e1cter":[72],"personal,":[73],"formaci\u00f3n":[76],"ejecuci\u00f3n":[78],"contrato.Las":[80],"dificultades":[81],"requieren":[87],"una":[89],"regulaci\u00f3n":[90],"europea,":[91],"inspirada":[92],"las":[94],"legislaciones":[95],"existentes":[96],"algunos":[98],"territorios":[99],"Estados":[102],"Unidos":[103],"Francia,":[105],"as\u00ed":[106],"como":[107],"estudios":[110],"formulados":[111],"el":[113],"\u00e1mbito":[114],"UNIDROIT":[116],"CNUDMI.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2021-03-15T00:00:00"}