{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3132750693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501501265-005","title":"4. Analysis and quality conversion of nonacoustic signals: the physiological microphone (PMIC)","display_name":"4. Analysis and quality conversion of nonacoustic signals: the physiological microphone (PMIC)","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3132750693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501501265-005","mag":"3132750693"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/9781501501265-005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501501265-005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501501265-005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463091","display_name":"De Gruyter eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Voice Technologies for Speech Reconstruction and Enhancement","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4235053688","display_name":"Voice Technologies for Speech Reconstruction and Enhancement"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051167459","display_name":"Seyed Omid Sadjadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Omid Sadjadi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113719399","display_name":"Sanjay A. Patil","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjay A. Patil","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057910370","display_name":"John H. L. Hansen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1382-9929","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1382-9929"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John H.L. Hansen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29365962,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"97","last_page":"124"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10863","display_name":"Voice and Speech Disorders","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contact-sensors","display_name":"contact sensors","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-enhancement","display_name":"speech enhancement","score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noisy-environments","display_name":"noisy environments","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocal-fold-pathology","display_name":"vocal fold pathology","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-transformation","display_name":"probabilistic transformation","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptual-speech-quality","display_name":"perceptual speech quality","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-intelligibility","display_name":"speech intelligibility","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/listening-experiment","display_name":"listening experiment","score":0.35899999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778263558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46384","display_name":"Microphone","level":3,"score":0.6451687812805176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5745052695274353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5619879961013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5116456151008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1433889","display_name":"Intelligibility (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5008883476257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177291462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423038","display_name":"Active listening","level":2,"score":0.42993372678756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20478075742721558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12409496307373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.08123946189880371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.07770231366157532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68115822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068172","display_name":"Sound pressure","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/9781501501265-005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501501265-005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501501265-005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463091","display_name":"De Gruyter eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Voice Technologies for Speech Reconstruction and Enhancement","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2095913837","https://openalex.org/W318500227","https://openalex.org/W1966070767","https://openalex.org/W2281146489","https://openalex.org/W2078842457","https://openalex.org/W2060957947","https://openalex.org/W2395552930","https://openalex.org/W2156060621","https://openalex.org/W1484904337","https://openalex.org/W2076689693"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"are":[1,82],"a":[2,104,178,235],"number":[3],"of":[4,47,52,63,78,85,91,147,189,218],"scenarios":[5,74],"where":[6,94,274],"effective":[7],"human-to-human":[8,170],"speech":[9,16,37,53,116,132,171,191,203,256,276],"communication":[10,96],"is":[11,75,97,222,238,278],"vital,":[12],"yet":[13],"either":[14],"limited":[15],"production":[17,204,277],"capabilities":[18],"due":[19,138],"to":[20,43,60,70,111,139,155,160,182,265],"pathology":[21,55,271],"or":[22,272],"in":[23,173,253],"noisy":[24,120],"environmental":[25,48],"conditions":[26],"limit":[27],"intelligible":[28],"information":[29],"exchange":[30],"and":[31,143,153,168,187,240,258],"reduce":[32],"overall":[33,254],"quality.":[34],"Traditionally,":[35],"front-end":[36],"enhancement":[38],"techniques":[39],"have":[40],"been":[41,58,109],"employed":[42,59],"alleviate":[44],"the":[45,76,86,92,144,156,161,184,194,198,219,247],"effect":[46],"noise.":[49],"Speech-processing":[50],"normalization":[51],"under":[54,118,133],"has":[56,108],"also":[57,123],"increase":[61],"quality":[62,186,257],"pathological":[64],"speech.":[65],"A":[66],"recent":[67],"alternative":[68,127,140,214,264],"approach":[69,181,221],"deal":[71],"with":[72,158,267],"these":[73],"use":[77],"nonacoustic":[79,105,145,195],"sensors,":[80],"which":[81],"essentially":[83],"independent":[84],"acoustic":[87,201],"sound":[88],"propagation":[89],"characteristics":[90],"environments":[93],"human":[95],"needed.":[98],"The":[99],"physiological":[100],"microphone":[101,202],"(PMIC),":[102],"as":[103,206,208],"contact":[106],"sensor,":[107],"shown":[110],"be":[112],"quite":[113],"useful":[114],"for":[115,131,231],"systems":[117],"adverse":[119],"conditions.":[121],"It":[122],"could":[124],"provide":[125],"an":[126,263,280],"signal":[128,196],"capture":[129],"mode":[130],"vocal":[134,269],"fold":[135,270],"pathology.":[136],"However,":[137],"pickup":[141,215],"location":[142],"principle":[146],"operation,":[148],"captured":[149],"signals":[150],"appear":[151],"muffled":[152],"metallic":[154],"listener":[157],"variations":[159],"speakerdependent":[162],"structure.":[163],"To":[164],"facilitate":[165],"more":[166],"robust":[167],"natural":[169],"communication,":[172],"this":[174],"chapter":[175],"we":[176],"present":[177],"probabilistic":[179,248],"transformation":[180,249],"improve":[183],"perceptual":[185],"intelligibility":[188],"PMIC":[190,255],"by":[192,209],"mapping":[193],"into":[197],"conventional":[199],"close-talk":[200],"space,":[205],"well":[207],"minimizing":[210],"distortions":[211],"arising":[212],"from":[213],"location.":[216],"Performance":[217],"proposed":[220],"objectively":[223],"evaluated":[224],"based":[225],"on":[226],"five":[227],"distinct":[228],"measures.":[229],"Moreover,":[230],"subjective":[232],"performance":[233],"assessment,":[234],"listening":[236],"experiment":[237],"designed":[239],"conducted.":[241],"Obtained":[242],"results":[243],"confirm":[244],"that":[245],"incorporating":[246],"yields":[250],"significant":[251],"improvement":[252],"intelligibility.":[259],"This":[260],"solution":[261],"offers":[262],"individuals":[266],"severe":[268],"areas":[273],"traditional":[275],"not":[279],"option.":[281]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2021-03-01T00:00:00"}