{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3132494864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-161359/v1","title":"Hydro-geochemical evaluation of groundwater for irrigation in the Ganges river basin areas of Bangladesh","display_name":"Hydro-geochemical evaluation of groundwater for irrigation in the Ganges river basin areas of Bangladesh","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3132494864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-161359/v1","mag":"3132494864"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-161359/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-161359/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-161359/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-161359/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-161359/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091427407","display_name":"Md. Shajedul Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4187-5674","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4187-5674"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I902853133","display_name":"University of Rajshahi","ror":"https://ror.org/05nnyr510","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Shajedul Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Rajshahi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Rajshahi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026002177","display_name":"M. G. Mostafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1709-769X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1709-769X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I902853133","display_name":"University of Rajshahi","ror":"https://ror.org/05nnyr510","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Md. Golam Mostafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Rajshahi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Rajshahi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026002177"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.9467999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.9467999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10398","display_name":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","score":0.03480000048875809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12773","display_name":"Water Quality and Resources Studies","score":0.016699999570846558,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation-water-quality","display_name":"irrigation water quality","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-hydrogeochemistry","display_name":"groundwater hydrogeochemistry","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ganges-river-basin","display_name":"Ganges basin","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation-water-quality-index","display_name":"irrigation water quality index","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-adsorption-ratio","display_name":"sodium adsorption ratio","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual-sodium-bicarbonate","display_name":"residual sodium bicarbonate","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnesium-adsorption-ratio","display_name":"magnesium adsorption ratio","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcite-and-dolomite-dissolution","display_name":"calcite and dolomite dissolution","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicate-weathering","display_name":"silicate weathering","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-management","display_name":"groundwater management","score":0.48100000619888306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776332401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7553296","display_name":"Sodium adsorption ratio","level":4,"score":0.8789181113243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76177295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598","display_name":"Groundwater","level":2,"score":0.7989939451217651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.660454511642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780181037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371542","display_name":"Dolomite","level":2,"score":0.5915695428848267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.5419998168945312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.5022649765014648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.47560200095176697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75622301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208791","display_name":"Aquifer","level":3,"score":0.45348355174064636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3483718931674957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2489120066165924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.24520274996757507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.1816992461681366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152453397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746694","display_name":"Drip irrigation","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-161359/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-161359/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-161359/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-161359/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-161359/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-161359/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-161359/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-161359/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.972599983215332,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.40450000762939453,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3132494864.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3132494864.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65074321","https://openalex.org/W167328564","https://openalex.org/W433001582","https://openalex.org/W584115453","https://openalex.org/W617187474","https://openalex.org/W1529171105","https://openalex.org/W1964400300","https://openalex.org/W1974624880","https://openalex.org/W1974648430","https://openalex.org/W1990340569","https://openalex.org/W1993630719","https://openalex.org/W1996643637","https://openalex.org/W1997206176","https://openalex.org/W2022713538","https://openalex.org/W2037346420","https://openalex.org/W2038469612","https://openalex.org/W2049206400","https://openalex.org/W2051084135","https://openalex.org/W2051678693","https://openalex.org/W2054185858","https://openalex.org/W2055228023","https://openalex.org/W2056493731","https://openalex.org/W2059060876","https://openalex.org/W2073619829","https://openalex.org/W2077795175","https://openalex.org/W2086164212","https://openalex.org/W2088213726","https://openalex.org/W2092194387","https://openalex.org/W2139344551","https://openalex.org/W2170817531","https://openalex.org/W2183425254","https://openalex.org/W2189543153","https://openalex.org/W2282842225","https://openalex.org/W2299419417","https://openalex.org/W2306844976","https://openalex.org/W2327434712","https://openalex.org/W2361857912","https://openalex.org/W2427844498","https://openalex.org/W2438583391","https://openalex.org/W2519992265","https://openalex.org/W2570424861","https://openalex.org/W2588015507","https://openalex.org/W2590501409","https://openalex.org/W2590615494","https://openalex.org/W2606258086","https://openalex.org/W2607283950","https://openalex.org/W2615724410","https://openalex.org/W2626436646","https://openalex.org/W2760220824","https://openalex.org/W2765372892","https://openalex.org/W2899111611","https://openalex.org/W2901809182","https://openalex.org/W2903389412","https://openalex.org/W2903844101","https://openalex.org/W2995540457","https://openalex.org/W3015846911","https://openalex.org/W3045533272","https://openalex.org/W4232022443","https://openalex.org/W4241958919","https://openalex.org/W4287904583","https://openalex.org/W4297900859"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2059060876","https://openalex.org/W2998766572","https://openalex.org/W4387058796","https://openalex.org/W2306844976","https://openalex.org/W2734008489","https://openalex.org/W7038192927","https://openalex.org/W4414063932","https://openalex.org/W3038314447","https://openalex.org/W4390563351","https://openalex.org/W3086602815"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Groundwater":[1],"is":[2],"a":[3],"vital":[4],"source":[5],"of":[6,14,28,31,41,49,104,165,210,215],"irrigation":[7,29,76,170],"water,":[8],"and":[9,47,72,96,113,119,135,139,146,158,181,195,208],"it":[10],"provides":[11],"over":[12],"80%":[13],"the":[15,26,32,38,44,105,111,116,120,130,156,163,166,173,178,188,193,211],"irrigated":[16],"water":[17,30,77,106,121,171],"supply":[18],"in":[19,37,110,115,129],"Bangladesh.":[20],"The":[21,51,99,125,150,198],"study":[22,52,199],"aimed":[23],"to":[24,184],"assess":[25],"status":[27],"Ganges":[33,212],"river":[34],"basin":[35,213],"areas":[36,214],"middle-west":[39],"part":[40],"Bangladesh":[42,216],"through":[43],"hydrogeochemical":[45],"characterization":[46],"classification":[48],"groundwater.":[50],"parameters":[53,180],"were":[54,108,161,186],"pH,":[55],"EC,":[56],"TDS,":[57],"Ca2+,":[58],"Mg2+,":[59],"total":[60,196],"hardness,":[61],"Na+,":[62],"K+,":[63],"B,":[64],"Cl\u2212,":[65],"HCO3":[66],"\u2212,":[67,71],"SO":[68],"42\u2212,":[69],"NO3":[70],"PO43\u2212":[73],"along":[74],"with":[75],"quality":[78,179],"index":[79],"(IWQindex),":[80],"Na%,":[81],"soluble":[82],"sodium":[83,85,89],"percentage,":[84],"adsorption":[86,92],"ratio,":[87,93],"residual":[88],"bicarbonate,":[90],"magnesium":[91],"permeability":[94],"index,":[95],"Kelley\u2019s":[97],"ratio.":[98],"results":[100,174,200],"showed":[101,153],"that":[102,154,176],"most":[103],"samples":[107],"acidic":[109],"pre-monsoon":[112],"alkaline":[114],"post-monsoon":[117],"seasons,":[118],"type":[122],"was":[123,133,141],"Ca-HCO3.":[124],"significant":[126],"geochemical":[127],"process":[128],"area":[131],"determined":[132],"calcite":[134],"dolomite":[136],"mineral":[137],"dissolution,":[138],"there":[140],"no":[142],"active":[143],"cation":[144],"exchange,":[145],"silicate":[147],"weathering":[148],"occurred.":[149],"statistical":[151],"analyses":[152],"both":[155],"geogenic":[157],"anthropogenic":[159],"sources":[160],"controlling":[162],"chemistry":[164],"groundwater":[167,206],"aquifers.":[168],"Concerning":[169],"quality,":[172],"revealed":[175],"all":[177],"IWQindex":[182],"(32.04":[183],"45.39)":[185],"within":[187],"safety":[189],"ranges,":[190],"except":[191],"for":[192,204],"EC":[194],"hardness.":[197],"would":[201],"be":[202],"useful":[203],"future":[205],"monitoring":[207],"management":[209],"part.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2021-03-01T00:00:00"}
