{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3132344951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1561","title":"Changes in Yield and Forage Quality of Six Alfalfa Cultivars in Response to Sustainable Irrigation with Treated Wastewater","display_name":"Changes in Yield and Forage Quality of Six Alfalfa Cultivars in Response to Sustainable Irrigation with Treated Wastewater","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3132344951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1561","mag":"3132344951"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17957/ijab/15.1561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1561","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1561","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1561","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26277462","display_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","issn_l":"1560-8530","issn":["1560-8530","1814-9596"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324113243","host_organization_name":"Friends Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324113243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Friends Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1561","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067422490","display_name":"Walid H. Soufan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6273-2050","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6273-2050"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walid Soufan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Plant Production Department , College of Food and Agriculture Sciences , King Saud University , P.O. Box 2460 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Plant Production Department , College of Food and Agriculture Sciences , King Saud University , P.O. Box 2460 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077681792","display_name":"Nasser Al-Suhaibani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1230-4306","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1230-4306"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nasser Al-Suhaibani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Plant Production Department , College of Food and Agriculture Sciences , King Saud University , P.O. Box 2460 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Plant Production Department , College of Food and Agriculture Sciences , King Saud University , P.O. Box 2460 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Peter Tillmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092309","display_name":"Association of German Agricultural Analytic and Research Institutes","ror":"https://ror.org/00cx2cp03","country_code":"DE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092309"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Tillmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["VDLUFA Qualit\u00e4tssicherung NIRS GmbH , Teichstr. 35 , 34130 Kassel , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VDLUFA Qualit\u00e4tssicherung NIRS GmbH , Teichstr. 35 , 34130 Kassel , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075727372","display_name":"Mohammad K. Okla","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad K. Okla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Botany and Microbiology Department , College of Science , King Saud University , P.O. Box 2455 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Botany and Microbiology Department , College of Science , King Saud University , P.O. Box 2455 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059204505","display_name":"Eslam M. Abdel-Salam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3297-9551","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3297-9551"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eslam M. Abdel-Salam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Botany and Microbiology Department , College of Science , King Saud University , P.O. Box 2455 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Botany and Microbiology Department , College of Science , King Saud University , P.O. Box 2455 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"5","first_page":"1286","last_page":"1292"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11624","display_name":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alfalfa","display_name":"alfalfa","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treated-wastewater-irrigation","display_name":"treated wastewater irrigation","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-irrigation","display_name":"sustainable irrigation","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forage-quality","display_name":"forage quality","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forage-yield","display_name":"forage yield","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alfalfa-cultivars","display_name":"alfalfa cultivars","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-content","display_name":"protein content","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fat-content","display_name":"fat content","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dryland-agriculture","display_name":"rainfed agriculture","score":0.6930000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8069911003112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.8059037923812866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13377214","display_name":"Forage","level":2,"score":0.7368423938751221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.7310964465141296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.7017755508422852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5888064503669739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94061648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336191","display_name":"Wastewater","level":2,"score":0.5269407033920288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.523363471031189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5039305090904236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.13382747769355774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17957/ijab/15.1561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1561","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1561","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1561","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26277462","display_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","issn_l":"1560-8530","issn":["1560-8530","1814-9596"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324113243","host_organization_name":"Friends Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324113243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Friends Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:3132344951","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20203515099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26277462","display_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","issn_l":"1560-8530","issn":["1560-8530","1814-9596"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324113243","host_organization_name":"Friends Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324113243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Friends Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.17957/ijab/15.1561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1561","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1561","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1561","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26277462","display_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","issn_l":"1560-8530","issn":["1560-8530","1814-9596"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324113243","host_organization_name":"Friends Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324113243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Friends Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":1.0,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4059893011","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RG-1439-063","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","funder_display_name":"King Saud University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3132344951.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3132344951.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7117881013","https://openalex.org/W2988105363","https://openalex.org/W4396938256","https://openalex.org/W2357204728","https://openalex.org/W4214896796","https://openalex.org/W2048275045","https://openalex.org/W6922926010","https://openalex.org/W2917543570","https://openalex.org/W2118693670","https://openalex.org/W2546972006"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sustainable":[0],"usage":[1],"of":[2,13,28,34,52,58,66,73,81,84,91,122,137,153],"water":[3,36,85],"resources":[4,19],"becomes":[5],"a":[6],"necessity":[7],"in":[8,37,70,115,159,164],"the":[9,14,64,79,135],"recent":[10],"years":[11],"because":[12],"increased":[15],"pressure":[16],"on":[17,86,150],"these":[18],"resulted":[20],"from":[21],"climate":[22],"change":[23],"events":[24],"e.g.,":[25],"intensive":[26],"droughts.Irrigation":[27],"forage":[29,76,89,151,174],"crops":[30],"consumes":[31],"vast":[32,42],"amounts":[33],"ground":[35],"arid":[38],"and":[39,78,88,111,120,161],"semi-arid":[40],"areas.Therefore,":[41],"research":[43],"efforts":[44],"are":[45],"being":[46],"invested":[47],"to":[48,62,95],"find":[49],"alternative":[50],"sources":[51],"freshwater":[53],"suitable":[54],"for":[55,75],"irrigation.The":[56],"aim":[57],"this":[59,82],"study":[60],"was":[61],"examine":[63],"potential":[65],"using":[67],"treated":[68,129,142,181],"wastewater":[69,130,143],"sustainable":[71],"irrigation":[72,96,127,140],"alfalfa":[74,92,138,154,173],"production":[77],"effect":[80],"type":[83],"productivity":[87,136],"quality":[90,152],"plants":[93,155,167],"comparing":[94],"with":[97,128,141,156,166,169,180],"normal":[98,170],"water.Six":[99],"different":[100,117],"cultivars":[101],"(Hassawi,":[102],"Egyptian":[103],"local,":[104],"Cuf":[105],"101,":[106],"Server,":[107],"WG":[108],"CAL":[109],"10":[110],"Saltine)":[112],"were":[113],"grown":[114,179],"two":[116],"seasons":[118],"(2013-2014":[119],"2014-2015).Regardless":[121],"cultivar":[123],"and/or":[124],"cultivation":[125],"season,":[126],"did":[131,144],"not":[132,145],"adversely":[133],"affect":[134],"plants.Moreover,":[139],"show":[146],"any":[147],"adverse":[148],"effects":[149],"slight":[157],"decrease":[158],"protein":[160],"fat":[162],"contents":[163],"comparison":[165],"irrigated":[168],"water.In":[171],"conclusion,":[172],"crop":[175],"can":[176],"be":[177],"successfully":[178],"wastewater.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2021-03-01T00:00:00"}