{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3132297531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fon-2020-1075","title":"An Evaluation of RAS Testing Among Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients in the USA","display_name":"An Evaluation of RAS Testing Among Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients in the USA","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3132297531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fon-2020-1075","mag":"3132297531","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33629919"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2217/fon-2020-1075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fon-2020-1075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fon-2020-1075","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174572715","display_name":"Future Oncology","issn_l":"1479-6694","issn":["1479-6694","1744-8301"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321119","host_organization_name":"Future Medicine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321119"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Future Medicine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014692083","display_name":"Laura R. Sangar\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6975-1609","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6975-1609"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Sangar\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["SimulStat, Portland, OR 97219, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6975-1609","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SimulStat, Portland, OR 97219, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030979631","display_name":"Kimberly A. Delli-Zotti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1320553840","display_name":"Amgen (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03g03ge92","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320553840"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimberly Delli-Zotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1320553840"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073800403","display_name":"Ana Florea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0030-8737","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0030-8737"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Florea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine,University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0030-8737","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine,University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Marko Rehn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1320553840","display_name":"Amgen (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03g03ge92","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320553840"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marko Rehn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1320553840"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029706633","display_name":"Al B. Benson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5485-7227","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5485-7227"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039227","display_name":"Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/02p4far57","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147348","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Al B Benson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010495571","display_name":"Kimberly Anne Lowe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-1796","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-1796"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1320553840","display_name":"Amgen (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03g03ge92","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320553840"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimberly A Lowe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Observational Research,One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Observational Research,One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1320553840"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.273,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53386516,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"13","first_page":"1653","last_page":"1663"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11067","display_name":"Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11067","display_name":"Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10335","display_name":"Colorectal Cancer Surgical Treatments","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11369","display_name":"Genetic factors in colorectal cancer","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metastatic-colorectal-cancer","display_name":"metastatic colorectal cancer","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ras-mutations","display_name":"RAS mutations","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-testing","display_name":"universal testing","score":0.3799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-eligibility","display_name":"treatment eligibility","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timing-of-testing","display_name":"timing of testing","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-initiation","display_name":"treatment initiation","score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-world-data","display_name":"real-world data","score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flatiron-health","display_name":"Flatiron Health","score":0.40400001406669617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8570753335952759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526805850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188874","display_name":"Colorectal cancer","level":3,"score":0.7273911237716675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.6138681173324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5134895443916321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.366303026676178}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077982","descriptor_name":"Progression-Free Survival","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000971","descriptor_name":"Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000971","descriptor_name":"Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004252","descriptor_name":"DNA Mutational Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005820","descriptor_name":"Genetic Testing","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000556","qualifier_name":"secondary","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008565","descriptor_name":"Membrane Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009367","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Staging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015179","descriptor_name":"Colorectal Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015179","descriptor_name":"Colorectal Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015179","descriptor_name":"Colorectal Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015179","descriptor_name":"Colorectal Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016283","descriptor_name":"Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020558","descriptor_name":"GTP Phosphohydrolases","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057285","descriptor_name":"Precision Medicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057285","descriptor_name":"Precision Medicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058990","descriptor_name":"Molecular Targeted Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2217/fon-2020-1075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fon-2020-1075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fon-2020-1075","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174572715","display_name":"Future Oncology","issn_l":"1479-6694","issn":["1479-6694","1744-8301"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321119","host_organization_name":"Future Medicine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321119"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Future Medicine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33629919","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33629919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future oncology (London, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307105","display_name":"Amgen","ror":"https://ror.org/03g03ge92"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1862962260","https://openalex.org/W1993780950","https://openalex.org/W2016161217","https://openalex.org/W2041842779","https://openalex.org/W2070816141","https://openalex.org/W2081320495","https://openalex.org/W2098067550","https://openalex.org/W2106789440","https://openalex.org/W2112270226","https://openalex.org/W2126901447","https://openalex.org/W2531319683","https://openalex.org/W2589836162","https://openalex.org/W2599823823","https://openalex.org/W2602544133","https://openalex.org/W2605964154","https://openalex.org/W2606920054","https://openalex.org/W2636687439","https://openalex.org/W2657046263","https://openalex.org/W2712978371","https://openalex.org/W2784147426","https://openalex.org/W2797024694"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2947460638","https://openalex.org/W4310035746","https://openalex.org/W3032721673","https://openalex.org/W2541921416","https://openalex.org/W2127304783","https://openalex.org/W2590135276","https://openalex.org/W2590766692","https://openalex.org/W2081320495","https://openalex.org/W3004483150","https://openalex.org/W2977927083"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Data":[1],"on":[2],"RAS":[3,68,77,126],"testing":[4,78,141],"practices":[5],"prior":[6,98,105],"to":[7,99,106,124,134],"metastatic":[8],"colorectal":[9],"cancer":[10],"(mCRC)":[11],"treatment":[12,130],"initiation":[13],"are":[14],"lacking":[15],"in":[16],"the":[17,86,109],"USA.":[18],"Materials":[19],"&":[20],"methods:":[21],"Flatiron":[22,35],"data":[23,45,137],"were":[24,67,72,83,112,132],"utilized":[25],"for":[26],"patients":[27,52,65,122],"diagnosed":[28],"with":[29],"mCRC":[30,64,95],"between":[31],"2011":[32],"and":[33,40,57,70],"2017.":[34],"is":[36],"a":[37],"longitudinal,":[38],"demographically":[39],"geographically":[41],"diverse":[42],"database":[43],"representing":[44],"from":[46],"over":[47],"1.5":[48],"million":[49],"active":[50],"US":[51],"treated":[53],"at":[54,85],"255":[55],"community":[56],"hospital-affiliated":[58],"oncology":[59],"clinics.":[60],"Results:":[61],"Among":[62],"17,387":[63],"69%":[66],"tested":[69,84,113],"31%":[71],"never":[73],"tested.":[74],"Timing":[75],"of":[76,88,102,121],"was":[79],"as":[80],"follows:":[81],"23%":[82],"time":[87],"their":[89],"initial":[90],"CRC":[91],"diagnosis,":[92],"60%":[93],"following":[94,114],"diagnosis":[96],"but":[97],"first":[100],"line":[101],"treatment,":[103],"3%":[104],"third":[107,115,119],"line,":[108],"remaining":[110],"14%":[111],"line.":[116],"Conclusion:":[117],"A":[118],"(31%)":[120],"failed":[123],"receive":[125],"testing,":[127],"therefore":[128],"all":[129],"options":[131],"unavailable":[133],"them.":[135],"These":[136],"highlight":[138],"how":[139],"universal":[140],"has":[142],"not":[143],"been":[144],"achieved.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2021-03-01T00:00:00"}