{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3132277440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00423","title":"Developmental Language Disorder and Uninhibited Primitive Reflexes in Young Children","display_name":"Developmental Language Disorder and Uninhibited Primitive Reflexes in Young Children","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3132277440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00423","mag":"3132277440","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33621124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00423","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110744938","display_name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","issn_l":"1092-4388","issn":["1092-4388","1558-9102"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320281","host_organization_name":"American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320281"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00423","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008510660","display_name":"Maria Matuszkiewicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7056-6171","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7056-6171"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36685595","display_name":"Uniwersytet SWPS","ror":"https://ror.org/0407f1r36","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36685595"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Matuszkiewicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychology Department, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland","Google Scholar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7056-6171","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology Department, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36685595"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Scholar","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007663007","display_name":"Tadeusz Ga\u0142kowski","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36685595","display_name":"Uniwersytet SWPS","ror":"https://ror.org/0407f1r36","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36685595"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tadeusz Ga\u0142kowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychology Department, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland","Google Scholar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology Department, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36685595"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Scholar","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36685595"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.6875,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97190988,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"3","first_page":"935","last_page":"948"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.9487000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.9487000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12241","display_name":"Children's Physical and Motor Development","score":0.0471000000834465,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specific-language-impairment","display_name":"specific language impairment","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primitive-reflexes","display_name":"primitive reflexes","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-development","display_name":"motor development","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonword-repetition","display_name":"non-word repetition","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moro-reflex","display_name":"Moro reflex","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tonic-neck-reflex","display_name":"tonic neck reflex","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-children","display_name":"young children","score":0.6639999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83974742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179405","display_name":"Reflex","level":2,"score":0.780725359916687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6580377817153931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.6315949559211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127573956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7821376","display_name":"Tonic (physiology)","level":2,"score":0.6283265352249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.48002949357032776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169976356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13208902","display_name":"Motor skill","level":2,"score":0.47675713896751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020552372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1079090","display_name":"Typically developing","level":3,"score":0.4391973912715912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127793841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1422835","display_name":"Acoustic reflex","level":3,"score":0.4193604588508606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.296644926071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.24455499649047852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205778803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38404","display_name":"Autism","level":2,"score":0.0750657320022583}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007805","descriptor_name":"Language Development Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012018","descriptor_name":"Reflex","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00423","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110744938","display_name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","issn_l":"1092-4388","issn":["1092-4388","1558-9102"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320281","host_organization_name":"American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320281"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33621124","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33621124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00423","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110744938","display_name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","issn_l":"1092-4388","issn":["1092-4388","1558-9102"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320281","host_organization_name":"American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320281"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.766700029373169,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":78,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W149615939","https://openalex.org/W1521315506","https://openalex.org/W1538587908","https://openalex.org/W1545317817","https://openalex.org/W1565928743","https://openalex.org/W1685816913","https://openalex.org/W1928321329","https://openalex.org/W1936596117","https://openalex.org/W1940203498","https://openalex.org/W1970084545","https://openalex.org/W1981187303","https://openalex.org/W1981807820","https://openalex.org/W1982210748","https://openalex.org/W1992687519","https://openalex.org/W2000282279","https://openalex.org/W2011145891","https://openalex.org/W2020802712","https://openalex.org/W2022583140","https://openalex.org/W2027317335","https://openalex.org/W2027594400","https://openalex.org/W2029405458","https://openalex.org/W2034296168","https://openalex.org/W2036688805","https://openalex.org/W2045485954","https://openalex.org/W2045883752","https://openalex.org/W2055607188","https://openalex.org/W2062850627","https://openalex.org/W2068353188","https://openalex.org/W2069803085","https://openalex.org/W2069946461","https://openalex.org/W2070040182","https://openalex.org/W2070848345","https://openalex.org/W2072055316","https://openalex.org/W2074669617","https://openalex.org/W2077412030","https://openalex.org/W2077627089","https://openalex.org/W2078310256","https://openalex.org/W2082601183","https://openalex.org/W2085049957","https://openalex.org/W2091293580","https://openalex.org/W2099004597","https://openalex.org/W2110778443","https://openalex.org/W2111402247","https://openalex.org/W2116523931","https://openalex.org/W2116714212","https://openalex.org/W2118734474","https://openalex.org/W2126096749","https://openalex.org/W2133457179","https://openalex.org/W2139509392","https://openalex.org/W2147890235","https://openalex.org/W2158240935","https://openalex.org/W2169806835","https://openalex.org/W2321416789","https://openalex.org/W2498881878","https://openalex.org/W2512939266","https://openalex.org/W2514522824","https://openalex.org/W2522441497","https://openalex.org/W2560967322","https://openalex.org/W2586451726","https://openalex.org/W2589464550","https://openalex.org/W2605249368","https://openalex.org/W2726540553","https://openalex.org/W2734828330","https://openalex.org/W2756451836","https://openalex.org/W2765231191","https://openalex.org/W2771241305","https://openalex.org/W2777527341","https://openalex.org/W2797927503","https://openalex.org/W2804771541","https://openalex.org/W2902811523","https://openalex.org/W2906253013","https://openalex.org/W2917077472","https://openalex.org/W3157067423","https://openalex.org/W4214772464","https://openalex.org/W4241194107","https://openalex.org/W4244635450","https://openalex.org/W4247665917","https://openalex.org/W6637468910"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2083071576","https://openalex.org/W4220998301","https://openalex.org/W7055643047","https://openalex.org/W3212327503","https://openalex.org/W4416765386","https://openalex.org/W1521315506","https://openalex.org/W7153250312","https://openalex.org/W4392076992","https://openalex.org/W4414760951","https://openalex.org/W4412403903"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"Developmental":[1],"language":[2,14,224],"disorder":[3,8],"(DLD)":[4],"is":[5,45,233],"a":[6,19,38,104],"developmental":[7],"where":[9],"children":[10,30,83,102,153,163,248],"fail":[11],"to":[12,46,75,108,115,131,162,200,235],"acquire":[13],"in":[15,29,53,81,180,183],"the":[16,49,61,135,175,185,190,195,206],"absence":[17],"of":[18,42,65,69,126],"clear":[20],"cause.":[21],"Many":[22],"studies":[23,35],"have":[24,36],"reported":[25],"general":[26],"motor":[27,51,66,238],"deficits":[28,52],"with":[31,84,88,121,164,222,249],"DLD,":[32,54],"but":[33],"no":[34],"uncovered":[37],"cure.":[39],"The":[40],"purpose":[41],"our":[43],"study":[44],"better":[47],"understand":[48],"underlying":[50],"starting":[55],"from":[56],"uninhibited":[57],"primary":[58],"reflexes\u2014which":[59],"are":[60,245],"most":[62],"basic":[63],"stage":[64],"development.":[67,229],"Knowledge":[68],"this":[70],"motor\u2013language":[71],"relationship":[72],"should":[73],"lead":[74],"earlier":[76],"and":[77,96,111,182,194,208],"more":[78],"targeted":[79],"interventions":[80],"young":[82],"DLD.":[85,250],"Method":[86],"Children":[87,120,221],"DLD":[89,110,122,165,209],"(n=":[90],"75,":[91],"age":[92],"range:":[93],"4\u201310":[94],"years)":[95],"99":[97],"age-matched":[98],"typically":[99],"developing":[100],"(TD)":[101],"completed":[103],"nonword":[105,141],"repetition":[106,142],"test":[107,143],"assess":[109,116],"six":[112],"other":[113],"tests":[114],"primitive":[117,128,170,243],"reflexes.":[118],"Results":[119,149],"demonstrated":[123],"higher":[124],"levels":[125],"persistent":[127],"reflexes":[129,171,244],"compared":[130,161],"TD":[132,152,207],"children.":[133],"As":[134],"scores":[136,144],"for":[137,205,247],"neuromotor":[138,156,228],"immaturity":[139,157],"increased,":[140],"decreased":[145],"(r=":[146],"\u2212.44,p<":[147],".01).":[148],"indicated":[150],"that":[151,241],"exhibited":[154],"lower":[155],"(M=":[158,166],"7.63,SD=":[159],"3.75)":[160],"13.51,SD=":[167],"4.47).":[168],"All":[169],"(the":[172],"Moro":[173],"reflex,":[174,189,193],"symmetrical":[176],"tonic":[177,187,191],"neck":[178,188],"reflex":[179],"flexion":[181],"extension,":[184],"asymmetrical":[186],"labyrinthine":[192],"Galant":[196],"reflex)":[197],"turned":[198],"out":[199],"be":[201],"statistically":[202],"significantly":[203],"different":[204],"groups":[210],"(p<":[211],".001).":[212],"We":[213],"also":[214],"observed":[215],"some":[216],"differences":[217],"between":[218],"sexes.":[219],"Conclusions":[220],"impaired":[223],"development":[225],"underwent":[226],"slower":[227],"However,":[230],"further":[231],"research":[232],"needed":[234],"determine":[236],"whether":[237],"intervention":[239],"programs":[240],"inhibit":[242],"helpful":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2021-03-01T00:00:00"}
