{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3131226987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pan.14163","title":"Statistics in quality improvement: Measurement and statistical process control","display_name":"Statistics in quality improvement: Measurement and statistical process control","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3131226987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pan.14163","mag":"3131226987","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33609306"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/pan.14163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pan.14163","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pan.14163","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192565471","display_name":"Pediatric Anesthesia","issn_l":"1155-5645","issn":["1155-5645","1460-9592"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatric Anesthesia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022294719","display_name":"Heather A Wolfe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2760-6286","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2760-6286"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335321130","display_name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia","ror":"https://ror.org/01z7r7q48","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143392","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/04h81rw26","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143392"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Heather A. Wolfe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2760-6286","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130","https://openalex.org/I4210143392","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"April Taylor","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335321130","display_name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia","ror":"https://ror.org/01z7r7q48","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"April Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110466232","display_name":"Rajeev Subramanyam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335321130","display_name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia","ror":"https://ror.org/01z7r7q48","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143392","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/04h81rw26","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143392"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajeev Subramanyam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4221-5790","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130","https://openalex.org/I4210143392","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022294719"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130","https://openalex.org/I4210143392","https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2813,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94143845,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"5","first_page":"539","last_page":"547"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11443","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Process Monitoring","score":0.9150000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11443","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Process Monitoring","score":0.9150000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12871","display_name":"Healthcare Quality and Management","score":0.08150000125169754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12905","display_name":"Management Systems and Quality Improvement","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-improvement","display_name":"quality improvement","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement","display_name":"measurement","score":0.5210000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-process-control","display_name":"statistical process control","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/run-charts","display_name":"run charts","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-charts","display_name":"control charts","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-data-analysis","display_name":"medical data analysis","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-visualization","display_name":"graphical visualization","score":0.5820000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113644684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1356717","display_name":"Statistical process control","level":3,"score":0.8490901589393616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196985124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369242","display_name":"Control chart","level":3,"score":0.8047557473182678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6457833051681519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5810351967811584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.5607683062553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5569159388542175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71405471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757012","display_name":"Quality management","level":3,"score":0.5486956834793091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91439571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1279773","display_name":"Process capability","level":3,"score":0.5076092481613159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.49227848649024963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.48070627450942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4314414858818054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174998907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357662","display_name":"Work in process","level":2,"score":0.3996599316596985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1756739318370819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1675390899181366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13723963499069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.12655654549598694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198783460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629173","display_name":"Management system","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003627","descriptor_name":"Data Interpretation, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003695","descriptor_name":"Delivery of Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011787","descriptor_name":"Quality of Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058996","descriptor_name":"Quality Improvement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/pan.14163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pan.14163","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pan.14163","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192565471","display_name":"Pediatric Anesthesia","issn_l":"1155-5645","issn":["1155-5645","1460-9592"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatric Anesthesia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33609306","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33609306","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Paediatric anaesthesia","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W97261193","https://openalex.org/W629821076","https://openalex.org/W1516504464","https://openalex.org/W1569747077","https://openalex.org/W1860281042","https://openalex.org/W1982937155","https://openalex.org/W1988725147","https://openalex.org/W2026014953","https://openalex.org/W2029890144","https://openalex.org/W2065857778","https://openalex.org/W2161088630","https://openalex.org/W2171908398","https://openalex.org/W2262671496","https://openalex.org/W2326426946","https://openalex.org/W2553852367","https://openalex.org/W2790647688","https://openalex.org/W2798470727","https://openalex.org/W2896638802","https://openalex.org/W2972214123","https://openalex.org/W7038306433"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2904990974","https://openalex.org/W6992902763","https://openalex.org/W2137314566","https://openalex.org/W2998874104","https://openalex.org/W2890427722","https://openalex.org/W2763359054","https://openalex.org/W2893038699","https://openalex.org/W656553709","https://openalex.org/W4390270046","https://openalex.org/W3046332192"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Data":[0],"are":[1,51],"used":[2,29,40,59],"in":[3,16,33,41,75],"healthcare":[4],"quality":[5,34,65,76],"improvement":[6,35,77],"endeavors":[7],"to":[8,30,60,73],"measure":[9],"and":[10,46,78,85],"determine":[11],"whether":[12],"the":[13,17,20,24,52,80],"changes":[14],"made":[15,23],"course":[18],"of":[19,56,82],"work":[21],"have":[22],"desired":[25],"impact.":[26],"The":[27],"methods":[28],"analyze":[31],"data":[32,62],"differ":[36],"slightly":[37],"from":[38],"those":[39],"classical":[42],"statistics.":[43],"Run":[44],"charts":[45,50,84,89],"statistical":[47,86],"process":[48,87],"control":[49,88],"most":[53],"common":[54],"types":[55],"graphical":[57],"representations":[58],"visualize":[61],"collected":[63],"for":[64],"improvement.":[66],"This":[67],"review":[68],"provides":[69],"a":[70],"basic":[71],"introduction":[72],"measurement":[74],"explains":[79],"use":[81],"run":[83],"with":[90],"real-life":[91],"examples.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-03-01T00:00:00"}