{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3130451997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jaauth.2021.55964.1108","title":"The Effect of COVID-19 on potential tourist's consumption behavior: Evidence from GCC countries","display_name":"The Effect of COVID-19 on potential tourist's consumption behavior: Evidence from GCC countries","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3130451997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jaauth.2021.55964.1108","mag":"3130451997"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21608/jaauth.2021.55964.1108","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jaauth.2021.55964.1108","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jaauth.2021.55964.1108","pdf_url":"https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_146724_4b616ad0f925dbc07f188397e824b87e.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206178","display_name":"Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality","issn_l":"1687-1863","issn":["1687-1863","2682-4612"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237894","host_organization_name":"Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237894"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_146724_4b616ad0f925dbc07f188397e824b87e.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022478717","display_name":"Ali AlGassim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Algassim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Tourism and Hotel Management, Umm AlQura University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Tourism and Hotel Management, Umm AlQura University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069976182","display_name":"Abuelhassan Elshazly Abuelhassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3875-7490","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3875-7490"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125414","display_name":"Lincoln University College","ror":"https://ror.org/02yd50j87","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125414"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abuelhassan Abuelhassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Professor, Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism, Lincoln University College, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Professor, Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism, Lincoln University College, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125414"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6956,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86066496,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"0","issue":"0","first_page":"0","last_page":"0"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10055","display_name":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10055","display_name":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11711","display_name":"COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12402","display_name":"Travel-related health issues","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourist-consumer-behavior","display_name":"tourist consumer behavior","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/travel-intention","display_name":"travel intention","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourist-attitudes","display_name":"tourist attitudes","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourist-preferences","display_name":"tourist preferences","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hygiene-and-safety","display_name":"hygiene and safety","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/means-end-chain-theory","display_name":"means-end chain","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gulf-cooperation-council","display_name":"Gulf Cooperation Council","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourism-reopening","display_name":"tourism reopening","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitality-industry","display_name":"hospitality industry","score":0.6190000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.8365768194198608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106906290","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140909","display_name":"Cronbach's alpha","level":3,"score":0.6495414972305298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107482638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815825","display_name":"Hospitality","level":3,"score":0.6367626190185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.6231898665428162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.5843640565872192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.5372869968414307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5307053923606873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.49642735719680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4689597189426422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.43302780389785767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.37541329860687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.36651092767715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.29392099380493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.21446609497070312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.13037145137786865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21608/jaauth.2021.55964.1108","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jaauth.2021.55964.1108","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jaauth.2021.55964.1108","pdf_url":"https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_146724_4b616ad0f925dbc07f188397e824b87e.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206178","display_name":"Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality","issn_l":"1687-1863","issn":["1687-1863","2682-4612"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237894","host_organization_name":"Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237894"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21608/jaauth.2021.55964.1108","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jaauth.2021.55964.1108","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jaauth.2021.55964.1108","pdf_url":"https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_146724_4b616ad0f925dbc07f188397e824b87e.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206178","display_name":"Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality","issn_l":"1687-1863","issn":["1687-1863","2682-4612"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237894","host_organization_name":"Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237894"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7246000170707703,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3130451997.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3130451997.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W349314670","https://openalex.org/W1413291935","https://openalex.org/W1496833987","https://openalex.org/W1802131661","https://openalex.org/W1972001016","https://openalex.org/W1978311462","https://openalex.org/W1990789191","https://openalex.org/W1996508470","https://openalex.org/W2012708383","https://openalex.org/W2017785078","https://openalex.org/W2028125787","https://openalex.org/W2060959172","https://openalex.org/W2076736491","https://openalex.org/W2077372466","https://openalex.org/W2087106534","https://openalex.org/W2088922983","https://openalex.org/W2089957836","https://openalex.org/W2090847850","https://openalex.org/W2093119644","https://openalex.org/W2098030651","https://openalex.org/W2099545491","https://openalex.org/W2106047983","https://openalex.org/W2111964893","https://openalex.org/W2121939386","https://openalex.org/W2519569791","https://openalex.org/W2586353225","https://openalex.org/W2792121752","https://openalex.org/W2940775012","https://openalex.org/W2967245639","https://openalex.org/W2975216402","https://openalex.org/W2981932902","https://openalex.org/W3010643692","https://openalex.org/W3016603339","https://openalex.org/W3020637112","https://openalex.org/W3021744273","https://openalex.org/W3035597798","https://openalex.org/W3111430303","https://openalex.org/W3121611506","https://openalex.org/W4229767165","https://openalex.org/W4237806626","https://openalex.org/W4245319004","https://openalex.org/W4413552507"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3121611506","https://openalex.org/W3117984663","https://openalex.org/W4313895007","https://openalex.org/W4400369741","https://openalex.org/W3138333875","https://openalex.org/W3198402534","https://openalex.org/W4297394750","https://openalex.org/W7221096071","https://openalex.org/W3196785771","https://openalex.org/W3175202386"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Little":[0],"information":[1,33],"about":[2],"the":[3,12,52,58,81,101,136,142],"effect":[4],"of":[5,54,64,66,144],"COVID-19":[6,47,102,145],"on":[7,57,124],"tourism":[8,137],"exists.":[9],"To":[10],"fulfil":[11],"gap":[13],"two":[14],"theories":[15],"are":[16],"used,":[17],"that":[18,100],"is":[19],"Fear":[20],"Appeal":[21],"and":[22,40,42,44,49,73,94,109,115,138],"Means-end":[23],"Chain":[24],"Theories.":[25],"The":[26,97],"current":[27],"study":[28,51],"aims":[29],"to":[30,50],"get":[31],"first-hand":[32],"regarding":[34],"people's":[35,55],"travel":[36,75,105],"inclination,":[37,106],"tourist":[38,107],"attitudes":[39,108],"preferences,":[41,110],"hygiene":[43,114],"safety":[45,116],"following":[46],"pandemic,":[48],"impacts":[53,123],"gender":[56],"same":[59],"dimensions.":[60],"With":[61],"a":[62],"sample":[63],"596":[65],"Gulf":[67],"Cooperation":[68],"Council":[69],"citizne":[70],"with":[71],"domestic":[72],"international":[74],"experience":[76],"via":[77],"an":[78],"online":[79],"survey,":[80],"data":[82],"were":[83],"analysed":[84],"using":[85],"factor":[86],"analyses,":[87],"Cronbach's":[88],"alpha,":[89],"comparative":[90],"means,":[91],"standard":[92],"deviation,":[93],"ANOVA":[95],"tests.":[96],"findings":[98],"revealed":[99],"pandemic":[103],"influences":[104],"as":[111,113],"well":[112],"needs.":[117],"Moreover,":[118],"both":[119],"genders":[120],"have":[121],"significant":[122],"these":[125],"findings.":[126],"Finally,":[127],"this":[128],"paper":[129],"provided":[130],"some":[131],"practical":[132],"implications":[133],"for":[134],"reopening":[135],"hospitality":[139],"business":[140],"by":[141],"end":[143],"pandemic.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2021-03-01T00:00:00"}
