{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3130019085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2021.3061616","title":"Non-Invasive Method for Tuberculosis Exhaled Breath Classification Using Electronic Nose","display_name":"Non-Invasive Method for Tuberculosis Exhaled Breath Classification Using Electronic Nose","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3130019085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2021.3061616","mag":"3130019085"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsen.2021.3061616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2021.3061616","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2021.3061616","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S189694085","display_name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","issn_l":"1530-437X","issn":["1530-437X","1558-1748","2379-9153"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321027","host_organization_name":"IEEE Sensors Council","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321027","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Sensors Council","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102902176","display_name":"Hendrick Hendrick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8596-0638","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8596-0638"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405276578","display_name":"Politeknik Negeri Padang","ror":"https://ror.org/05q5nyc68","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405276578"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hendrick Hendrick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politeknik Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politeknik Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405276578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000944649","display_name":"Rahmat Sukron Ardi Hidayat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6040-7561","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6040-7561"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405276578","display_name":"Politeknik Negeri Padang","ror":"https://ror.org/05q5nyc68","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405276578"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahmat Hidayat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politeknik Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politeknik Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405276578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069683422","display_name":"Gwo-Jiun Horng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0193-2104","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0193-2104"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92582371","display_name":"Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0029n1t76","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92582371"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gwo-Jiun Horng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92582371"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062898532","display_name":"Zhihao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1353-3370","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1353-3370","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3295-8972"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi-Hao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chen-Fon-Wei Security Company, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chen-Fon-Wei Security Company, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5925,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90228429,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"9","first_page":"11184","last_page":"11191"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"tuberculosis","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exhaled-breath","display_name":"exhaled breath","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-nose","display_name":"electronic nose","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-invasive-diagnosis","display_name":"non-invasive diagnosis","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning-classification","display_name":"machine learning classification","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"random forest","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xgboost","display_name":"XGBoost","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-network","display_name":"artificial neural networks","score":0.777999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23895516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550092","display_name":"Electronic nose","level":2,"score":0.7789908647537231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6574696898460388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778311950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7363","display_name":"Nose","level":2,"score":0.636578381061554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5612448453903198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020341094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9530","display_name":"Exhaled air","level":2,"score":0.4488735496997833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.445410817861557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4286670684814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93353639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754258","display_name":"Breath gas analysis","level":2,"score":0.419587105512619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4140087366104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.37961307168006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32132813334465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.13165923953056335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsen.2021.3061616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2021.3061616","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2021.3061616","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S189694085","display_name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","issn_l":"1530-437X","issn":["1530-437X","1558-1748","2379-9153"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321027","host_organization_name":"IEEE Sensors Council","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321027","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Sensors Council","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8371999859809875,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5836295256","display_name":"Ecosystem Observation Network and Automated Capture Strategy Based on Smart Computing and In-Depth Learning Technology","funder_award_id":"MOST109-2221-E218-026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517436550","https://openalex.org/W1531237901","https://openalex.org/W1598458824","https://openalex.org/W2063923412","https://openalex.org/W2152562304","https://openalex.org/W2465047830","https://openalex.org/W2533788046","https://openalex.org/W2534923323","https://openalex.org/W2564357866","https://openalex.org/W2593994206","https://openalex.org/W2808662277","https://openalex.org/W3005461726","https://openalex.org/W3006083934","https://openalex.org/W3006918534","https://openalex.org/W3017486960","https://openalex.org/W3040502522"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7202166721","https://openalex.org/W4378085564","https://openalex.org/W1675259218","https://openalex.org/W4404103495","https://openalex.org/W3006083934","https://openalex.org/W3184018610","https://openalex.org/W2696409185","https://openalex.org/W4405862645","https://openalex.org/W1972978048","https://openalex.org/W2059647237"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,65],"apply":[4],"an":[5],"electronic":[6],"nose":[7],"(e-Nose)":[8],"identifying":[9],"TB":[10],"through":[11],"exhaled":[12,34,70,90],"breath":[13,24,35,91],"combined":[14],"with":[15],"machine":[16,60],"learning":[17,61],"methods.":[18],"For":[19],"the":[20,27,33,69,89,107],"e-Nose":[21,28,31],"system,":[22],"participants":[23],"normally":[25],"into":[26,36],"chamber.":[29],"The":[30,44,59],"classified":[32],"Tuberculosis":[37],"Suspect":[38],"(TBS)":[39],"and":[40,67,84,104],"Healthy":[41],"Person":[42],"(HP).":[43],"dataset":[45],"was":[46],"created":[47,75],"by":[48,54,76],"collecting":[49],"directly":[50],"after":[51],"pulmonologist":[52],"confirmed":[53],"using":[55,77],"chest":[56],"x-ray":[57],"images.":[58],"methods":[62],"were":[63,74],"used":[64],"train":[66],"classify":[68],"breath.":[71],"E-Nose":[72],"models":[73],"Support":[78],"Vector":[79],"Machine":[80],"(SVM),":[81],"Random":[82],"Forest,":[83],"XGBoost.":[85],"Based":[86],"on":[87],"experiments,":[88],"accuracy":[92],"is":[93],"92":[94],"%":[95],"for":[96,99,102,106],"SVM,":[97],"88.24%":[98],"XGBoost,":[100],"94.87%":[101],"ANN,":[103],"84.24%":[105],"random":[108],"forest.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-03-01T00:00:00"}