{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3129028778","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58039-5_4","title":"Global Positioning System","display_name":"Global Positioning System","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3129028778","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58039-5_4","mag":"3129028778"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-58039-5_4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58039-5_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58039-5_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181953","display_name":"Sustainable development goals series","issn_l":"2523-3084","issn":["2523-3084","2523-3092"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainable Development Goals Series","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2967097221","display_name":"Spatial Information Technology for Sustainable Development Goals"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108070071","display_name":"Dilip Kumar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110166357","display_name":"University of Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzb2213","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110166357"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dilip Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Evening College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Evening College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110166357"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009452009","display_name":"Ram Babu Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8625-4305","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8625-4305"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110166357","display_name":"University of Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzb2213","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110166357"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. B. Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110166357"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032078261","display_name":"Ranjeet Kaur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9348-6182","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9348-6182"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110166357","display_name":"University of Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzb2213","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110166357"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ranjeet Kaur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Evening College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Evening College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110166357"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108070071"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110166357"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2847,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91423358,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"59","last_page":"67"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13854","display_name":"Historical Geography and Cartography","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"global positioning system","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gps","display_name":"GPS","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positional-information","display_name":"positional information","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-databases","display_name":"spatial databases","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"remote sensing","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-information-systems","display_name":"geographic information systems","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geolocation","display_name":"geolocation","score":0.4020000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.9416464567184448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777928014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779225","display_name":"Differential GPS","level":3,"score":0.6508277654647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5455186367034912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5041061639785767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4959472119808197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.47343042492866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.4119134545326233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3465424180030823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.33563342690467834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21398720145225525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.178530752658844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-58039-5_4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58039-5_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58039-5_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181953","display_name":"Sustainable development goals series","issn_l":"2523-3084","issn":["2523-3084","2523-3092"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainable Development Goals Series","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1574476519"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2326786229","https://openalex.org/W2478196220","https://openalex.org/W619363505","https://openalex.org/W2940121948","https://openalex.org/W3116933698","https://openalex.org/W2803965667","https://openalex.org/W573761316","https://openalex.org/W1214346049","https://openalex.org/W956600825","https://openalex.org/W4243275580"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2021-02-15T00:00:00"}
