{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3127388127","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14030705","title":"Optimizing the Geometric Parameters of a Straight-Through Labyrinth Seal to Minimize the Leakage Flow Rate and the Discharge Coefficient","display_name":"Optimizing the Geometric Parameters of a Straight-Through Labyrinth Seal to Minimize the Leakage Flow Rate and the Discharge Coefficient","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3127388127","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14030705","mag":"3127388127"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/en14030705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14030705","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14030705","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/3/705/pdf?version=1612240881","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/3/705/pdf?version=1612240881","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110866511","display_name":"Seung Il Baek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6490-7782","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6490-7782"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110273157","display_name":"Kookmin University","ror":"https://ror.org/0049erg63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seung Il Baek","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011757411","display_name":"Joon Ahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3287-957X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3287-957X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110273157","display_name":"Kookmin University","ror":"https://ror.org/0049erg63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joon Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3287-957X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011757411"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2160},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2160},"fwci":0.8867,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.691061,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"705","last_page":"705"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10944","display_name":"Turbomachinery Performance and Optimization","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10944","display_name":"Turbomachinery Performance and Optimization","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11138","display_name":"Tribology and Lubrication Engineering","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10173","display_name":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/straight-through-labyrinth-seal","display_name":"straight-through labyrinth seal","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annular-seals","display_name":"annular seals","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage-rate","display_name":"leakage rate","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discharge-coefficient","display_name":"discharge coefficient","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometric-parameter-optimization","display_name":"geometric parameter optimization","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cavity-width","display_name":"cavity width","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clearance","display_name":"clearance","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tooth-width","display_name":"tooth width","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tooth-height","display_name":"tooth height","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbomachinery-seals","display_name":"turbomachinery seals","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-contacting-seals","display_name":"non-contacting seals","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pressure-distribution","display_name":"pressure distribution","score":0.7120000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780313912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753214","display_name":"Labyrinth seal","level":3,"score":0.87958824634552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200398353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63973","display_name":"Turbomachinery","level":2,"score":0.721765398979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.6861332654953003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6477453112602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170028559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261059","display_name":"Discharge coefficient","level":3,"score":0.6362072229385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32526432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1536235","display_name":"Reynolds-averaged Navier\u2013Stokes equations","level":3,"score":0.6331781148910522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196558001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132","display_name":"Turbulence","level":2,"score":0.6217459440231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777755289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162919","display_name":"Seal (emblem)","level":2,"score":0.5148388743400574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182748727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178932","display_name":"Reynolds number","level":3,"score":0.5123034715652466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172120300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134348","display_name":"Volumetric flow rate","level":2,"score":0.507777750492096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4299180507659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.41922926902770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.31968238949775696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3008645176887512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23551267385482788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23480463027954102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130760","display_name":"Turbine","level":2,"score":0.177415668964386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56200935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q250840","display_name":"Nozzle","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/en14030705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14030705","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14030705","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/3/705/pdf?version=1612240881","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:3:p:705-:d:489747","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/3/705/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:692b1f9c403b4ca08754e920e920fabb","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/692b1f9c403b4ca08754e920e920fabb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Energies, Vol 14, Iss 3, p 705 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/en14030705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14030705","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14030705","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/3/705/pdf?version=1612240881","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3127388127.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3127388127.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990429976","https://openalex.org/W2033512423","https://openalex.org/W2038881088","https://openalex.org/W2072377014","https://openalex.org/W2128655692","https://openalex.org/W2149229210","https://openalex.org/W2181999231","https://openalex.org/W2365204156","https://openalex.org/W2567522300","https://openalex.org/W3108057875","https://openalex.org/W4213121378","https://openalex.org/W4243496366","https://openalex.org/W4320081728"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4303968779","https://openalex.org/W4379012061","https://openalex.org/W4408005205","https://openalex.org/W18339940","https://openalex.org/W4417451682","https://openalex.org/W2291234327","https://openalex.org/W2394194907","https://openalex.org/W2892346710","https://openalex.org/W7014363035","https://openalex.org/W2999230725"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"straight-through":[1,35,199],"labyrinth":[2,36,59,190,200],"seal":[3,60,109,201],"is":[4,21,63,68,97,135,146,164],"one":[5],"of":[6,26,33,93,102,107,156,162,170,178,194],"the":[7,34,83,88,94,100,104,108,111,116,122,131,137,143,149,154,160,167,198,211],"most":[8,138],"popular":[9],"non-contacting":[10],"annular":[11],"seals":[12],"through":[13],"which":[14],"energy":[15],"dissipation":[16],"by":[17,152],"turbulence":[18],"viscosity":[19],"interaction":[20],"achieved":[22],"with":[23],"a":[24,58,75,126,187],"series":[25],"teeth":[27],"and":[28,47,65,87,115,119,210,217],"cavities.":[29,157],"The":[30,54,91,176],"geometric":[31,105],"parameters":[32,106],"seal,":[37],"such":[38],"as":[39],"clearance,":[40],"tooth":[41,43,48],"width,":[42,46],"height,":[44],"cavity":[45,150],"inclination":[49],"angle,":[50],"affect":[51],"its":[52,72],"performance.":[53],"space":[55],"for":[56,74,125,197,213],"installing":[57],"in":[61,79],"turbomachinery":[62,183],"limited,":[64],"so":[66],"it":[67],"important":[69],"to":[70,81,98,120,141,147,185,222],"optimize":[71],"geometry":[73,124],"fixed":[76,127],"axial":[77,128,133],"length":[78,134],"order":[80],"minimize":[82],"leakage":[84,112,195],"flow":[85,113,196],"rate":[86,114],"discharge":[89,117,144,215],"coefficient.":[90],"objective":[92],"current":[95],"study":[96,180],"understand":[99],"effects":[101],"changing":[103],"on":[110],"coefficient,":[118],"determine":[121],"optimized":[123],"length.":[129],"When":[130],"whole":[132],"fixed,":[136],"effective":[139],"way":[140],"decrease":[142],"coefficient":[145],"reduce":[148],"width":[151],"increasing":[153],"number":[155,161],"However,":[158],"if":[159],"cavities":[163,172],"too":[165],"high,":[166],"beneficial":[168],"effect":[169],"more":[171,188],"can":[173],"be":[174],"reversed.":[175],"results":[177,212],"this":[179],"will":[181],"help":[182],"manufacturers":[184],"design":[186],"efficient":[189],"seal.":[191],"Numerical":[192],"simulations":[193],"were":[202,220],"carried":[203],"out":[204],"using":[205],"Reynolds-Averaged":[206],"Navier\u2013Stokes":[207],"(RANS)":[208],"models,":[209],"their":[214],"coefficients":[216],"pressure":[218],"distributions":[219],"compared":[221],"previously":[223],"published":[224],"experimental":[225],"data.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-02-15T00:00:00"}
