{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3125156756","doi":null,"title":"Teachers Who Question Pull Out and State Testing for Learning Disabled Students","display_name":"Teachers Who Question Pull Out and State Testing for Learning Disabled Students","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3125156756","mag":"3125156756"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.waldenu.edu:dissertations-11130","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/9859","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=11130&context=dissertations","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196507","display_name":"ScholarWorks (Walden University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I80046288","host_organization_name":"Walden University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80046288"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=11130&context=dissertations","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078989804","display_name":"Karen G. Gary","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karen G. Gary","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078989804"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13131","display_name":"Collaborative Teaching and Inclusion","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13131","display_name":"Collaborative Teaching and Inclusion","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13447","display_name":"Educational and Psychological Assessments","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-disabilities","display_name":"learning disabilities","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pull-out-model","display_name":"pull-out model","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-testing","display_name":"state testing","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-perceptions","display_name":"teacher perceptions","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/special-education-teachers","display_name":"special education teachers","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-education-teachers","display_name":"general education teachers","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-teaching","display_name":"co-teaching","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusive-education","display_name":"inclusive education","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-language-arts","display_name":"English language arts","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"mathematics","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assessment-preparation","display_name":"assessment preparation","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-school-graduation","display_name":"high school graduation","score":0.6880000233650208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4671950340270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984419285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860740","display_name":"Learning disabled","level":3,"score":0.4519675374031067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.42726930975914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4248160123825073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3984798192977905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15107229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860740","display_name":"Learning disability","level":2,"score":0.30298954248428345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29249346256256104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.18756607174873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.waldenu.edu:dissertations-11130","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/9859","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=11130&context=dissertations","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196507","display_name":"ScholarWorks (Walden University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I80046288","host_organization_name":"Walden University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80046288"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3125156756","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=11130&context=dissertations","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.waldenu.edu:dissertations-11130","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/9859","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=11130&context=dissertations","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196507","display_name":"ScholarWorks (Walden University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I80046288","host_organization_name":"Walden University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80046288"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9901999831199646,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3125156756.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3125156756.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W193298508","https://openalex.org/W269433363","https://openalex.org/W1410651756","https://openalex.org/W1773069817","https://openalex.org/W1782512551","https://openalex.org/W1825743907","https://openalex.org/W1858121600","https://openalex.org/W1964522988","https://openalex.org/W1972678228","https://openalex.org/W1982187846","https://openalex.org/W1997445097","https://openalex.org/W1997574529","https://openalex.org/W2013528978","https://openalex.org/W2020550857","https://openalex.org/W2037037178","https://openalex.org/W2048489657","https://openalex.org/W2065206938","https://openalex.org/W2083845914","https://openalex.org/W2093595347","https://openalex.org/W2107136871","https://openalex.org/W2134406353","https://openalex.org/W2145766967","https://openalex.org/W2157217241","https://openalex.org/W2160042966","https://openalex.org/W2161495602","https://openalex.org/W2162617142","https://openalex.org/W2220915569","https://openalex.org/W2221160834","https://openalex.org/W2250757109","https://openalex.org/W2271104861","https://openalex.org/W2286466655","https://openalex.org/W2319281975","https://openalex.org/W2324540059","https://openalex.org/W2324598502","https://openalex.org/W2325452838","https://openalex.org/W2338315668","https://openalex.org/W2363753307","https://openalex.org/W2470524378","https://openalex.org/W2527135446","https://openalex.org/W2550966386","https://openalex.org/W2551264041","https://openalex.org/W2557606533","https://openalex.org/W2575437281","https://openalex.org/W2577932487","https://openalex.org/W2600853693","https://openalex.org/W2606042430","https://openalex.org/W2770175023","https://openalex.org/W2792385131","https://openalex.org/W2901356835","https://openalex.org/W2904052489","https://openalex.org/W2904383589","https://openalex.org/W2911536642","https://openalex.org/W2952408587","https://openalex.org/W2955149940","https://openalex.org/W2963317741","https://openalex.org/W2967852799","https://openalex.org/W2971854499","https://openalex.org/W2998156491","https://openalex.org/W3016288678","https://openalex.org/W3039676992","https://openalex.org/W3046016372","https://openalex.org/W3047735405","https://openalex.org/W3205294632"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2414510186","https://openalex.org/W4295007331","https://openalex.org/W2964807723","https://openalex.org/W116167066","https://openalex.org/W1996545928","https://openalex.org/W2031139663","https://openalex.org/W7028466563","https://openalex.org/W2146893058","https://openalex.org/W2123820392","https://openalex.org/W2979330496"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"General":[0],"and":[1,33,58,73,109,120,150,223],"special":[2,74,106],"education":[3,56,75,107,112,148],"teachers":[4,108,113],"in":[5,29,184,192,234,241],"a":[6,172,175,244],"northern":[7],"California":[8],"school":[9,232],"district":[10],"(NCSD)":[11],"have":[12,27,225],"concerns":[13],"about":[14,43,78],"the":[15,44,54,66,71,79,88,121,126,135,138,143,146,180,199,219,226],"academic":[16],"performance":[17],"of":[18,53,65,145,159,168],"students":[19],"with":[20],"learning":[21],"disabilities":[22],"(SwLD)":[23],"as":[24,85],"they":[25,194],"frequently":[26],"deficits":[28],"English":[30],"language":[31],"arts":[32],"math":[34],"on":[35],"state-mandated":[36,89,151],"assessments.":[37,90,202],"Teachers":[38],"at":[39,218],"NCSD":[40],"were":[41,117],"concerned":[42],"pull-out":[45,81,127,182],"model":[46,82,130,177],"where":[47],"SwLD":[48,84,188,213],"are":[49,154],"often":[50],"educated":[51],"outside":[52],"general":[55,72,111,147],"classroom":[57,61],"routinely":[59],"miss":[60],"instruction.":[62],"The":[63,163,203],"purpose":[64],"study":[67,93],"was":[68,94,101],"to":[69,103,132,178,186,228,239],"explore":[70],"teachers\u2019":[76],"perceptions":[77],"current":[80],"for":[83,87,114,137,174,198,205],"preparation":[86,136],"This":[91],"case":[92],"guided":[95],"by":[96],"constructivist":[97],"theory.":[98],"Purposeful":[99],"sampling":[100],"used":[102],"select":[104],"4":[105],"3":[110],"interviews.":[115],"Data":[116],"analyzed":[118],"inductively":[119],"following":[122],"three":[123],"themes":[124],"emerged:":[125],"service":[128],"delivery":[129],"needs":[131],"be":[133,196,216],"revised,":[134],"state":[139,200,220],"assessment":[140,152,222],"is":[141,171,209],"primarily":[142],"role":[144],"teachers,":[149],"scores":[153],"not":[155],"an":[156,189],"accurate":[157],"representation":[158],"their":[160],"students\u2019":[161],"abilities.":[162],"project":[164],"that":[165,210],"developed":[166],"out":[167],"these":[169],"results":[170],"recommendation":[173],"coteaching":[176],"replace":[179],"existing":[181],"program":[183],"order":[185],"offer":[187],"inclusive":[190],"setting":[191],"which":[193],"can":[195],"prepared":[197,212],"mandated":[201,221],"implication":[204],"positive":[206],"social":[207],"change":[208],"well":[211],"will":[214,236],"hopefully":[215],"successful":[217],"hence,":[224],"opportunity":[227],"graduate":[229],"from":[230],"high":[231],"which,":[233],"turn,":[235],"allow":[237],"them":[238],"continue":[240],"college":[242],"or":[243],"professional":[245],"career.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-02-01T00:00:00"}