{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3124623817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100829","title":"Reverse innovation transfer in Chinese MNCs: The role of political ties and headquarters","display_name":"Reverse innovation transfer in Chinese MNCs: The role of political ties and headquarters","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3124623817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100829","mag":"3124623817"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.intman.2021.100829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S960608072","display_name":"Journal of International Management","issn_l":"1075-4253","issn":["1075-4253","1873-0620"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of International Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100829","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042298562","display_name":"Cong Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4474-4509","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4474-4509"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University, Sweden","School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102846588","display_name":"Lingshuang Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7572-1433","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7572-1433"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN","SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lingshuang Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University, Sweden","School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012106981","display_name":"Francesco Ciabuschi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5393-2440","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5393-2440"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Ciabuschi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University, Sweden","Department of Management, University of Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, University of Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108538516","display_name":"Haifeng Yan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haifeng Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102846588"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679","https://openalex.org/I143593769"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":4.6849,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94484342,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":"100829","last_page":"100829"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.005100000184029341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10907","display_name":"International Student and Expatriate Challenges","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-multinational-corporations","display_name":"Chinese multinational enterprises","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-connections","display_name":"political connections","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parenting-theory","display_name":"parenting theory","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internationalization","display_name":"internationalization","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsidiary-innovation","display_name":"subsidiary innovation","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-market-multinationals","display_name":"emerging market multinationals","score":0.8889999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97509610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3141064","display_name":"Internationalization","level":2,"score":0.8824790716171265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126071100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658255","display_name":"Subsidiary","level":3,"score":0.8622466921806335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158016649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161726","display_name":"Multinational corporation","level":2,"score":0.7828980684280396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6868842840194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100521375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015382","display_name":"Competence (human resources)","level":2,"score":0.6013665795326233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.4974055588245392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.48420313000679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121087249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546395","display_name":"Emerging markets","level":2,"score":0.42099103331565857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.36721867322921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.3387482166290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.22423425316810608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.14645031094551086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.14414510130882263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.11621034145355225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.intman.2021.100829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S960608072","display_name":"Journal of International Management","issn_l":"1075-4253","issn":["1075-4253","1873-0620"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of International Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:intman:v:27:y:2021:i:1:s1075425321000090","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1075425321000090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/869429","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11585/869429","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.intman.2021.100829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S960608072","display_name":"Journal of International Management","issn_l":"1075-4253","issn":["1075-4253","1873-0620"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of International Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6773999929428101,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":131,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W36714851","https://openalex.org/W632148180","https://openalex.org/W1491490226","https://openalex.org/W1505999675","https://openalex.org/W1517466141","https://openalex.org/W1520564125","https://openalex.org/W1595665330","https://openalex.org/W1597676647","https://openalex.org/W1602722610","https://openalex.org/W1799961611","https://openalex.org/W1869132657","https://openalex.org/W1909252602","https://openalex.org/W1921346167","https://openalex.org/W1922085173","https://openalex.org/W1931124832","https://openalex.org/W1965354703","https://openalex.org/W1968392488","https://openalex.org/W1969672280","https://openalex.org/W1970884268","https://openalex.org/W1971714333","https://openalex.org/W1976925668","https://openalex.org/W1978819867","https://openalex.org/W1982081232","https://openalex.org/W1985096261","https://openalex.org/W1987556671","https://openalex.org/W1990382396","https://openalex.org/W1990631438","https://openalex.org/W1991281819","https://openalex.org/W1994797717","https://openalex.org/W1996288754","https://openalex.org/W2004537618","https://openalex.org/W2005423324","https://openalex.org/W2012411524","https://openalex.org/W2012758152","https://openalex.org/W2016013225","https://openalex.org/W2019243724","https://openalex.org/W2019296345","https://openalex.org/W2019665365","https://openalex.org/W2020595149","https://openalex.org/W2023006187","https://openalex.org/W2027504779","https://openalex.org/W2028460001","https://openalex.org/W2030862376","https://openalex.org/W2036736987","https://openalex.org/W2037439119","https://openalex.org/W2039710273","https://openalex.org/W2045426908","https://openalex.org/W2045764020","https://openalex.org/W2049829947","https://openalex.org/W2053082470","https://openalex.org/W2054177167","https://openalex.org/W2058327096","https://openalex.org/W2059062227","https://openalex.org/W2067194407","https://openalex.org/W2068873764","https://openalex.org/W2074611472","https://openalex.org/W2076008163","https://openalex.org/W2077634951","https://openalex.org/W2078939343","https://openalex.org/W2080608630","https://openalex.org/W2086086894","https://openalex.org/W2089882834","https://openalex.org/W2091626777","https://openalex.org/W2094295046","https://openalex.org/W2094306211","https://openalex.org/W2096818928","https://openalex.org/W2098438282","https://openalex.org/W2105846236","https://openalex.org/W2106998098","https://openalex.org/W2109749706","https://openalex.org/W2111368681","https://openalex.org/W2113775472","https://openalex.org/W2114566175","https://openalex.org/W2120222845","https://openalex.org/W2123709218","https://openalex.org/W2127431601","https://openalex.org/W2130932166","https://openalex.org/W2131568786","https://openalex.org/W2132081716","https://openalex.org/W2133315053","https://openalex.org/W2135625898","https://openalex.org/W2138071797","https://openalex.org/W2138413342","https://openalex.org/W2142510353","https://openalex.org/W2152366448","https://openalex.org/W2153214686","https://openalex.org/W2160449301","https://openalex.org/W2163826341","https://openalex.org/W2171831132","https://openalex.org/W2179492332","https://openalex.org/W2213216572","https://openalex.org/W2320454046","https://openalex.org/W2333214280","https://openalex.org/W2346721640","https://openalex.org/W2417760852","https://openalex.org/W2491379862","https://openalex.org/W2495620710","https://openalex.org/W2504435980","https://openalex.org/W2511498767","https://openalex.org/W2551347615","https://openalex.org/W2563846969","https://openalex.org/W2568487745","https://openalex.org/W2596208732","https://openalex.org/W2607158031","https://openalex.org/W2738174386","https://openalex.org/W2742375675","https://openalex.org/W2744594718","https://openalex.org/W2750621662","https://openalex.org/W2752403237","https://openalex.org/W2760866236","https://openalex.org/W2766002301","https://openalex.org/W2767368184","https://openalex.org/W2773110590","https://openalex.org/W2784294814","https://openalex.org/W2786934668","https://openalex.org/W2804419174","https://openalex.org/W2807121028","https://openalex.org/W2892809732","https://openalex.org/W2922064706","https://openalex.org/W2939917073","https://openalex.org/W2941406785","https://openalex.org/W2945097686","https://openalex.org/W2957173444","https://openalex.org/W2995378982","https://openalex.org/W3124218595","https://openalex.org/W4231501241","https://openalex.org/W4235678817","https://openalex.org/W4246477977","https://openalex.org/W4300987477","https://openalex.org/W6723297640","https://openalex.org/W6761736728"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080608630","https://openalex.org/W4296398141","https://openalex.org/W4388776202","https://openalex.org/W3147326081","https://openalex.org/W3007110646","https://openalex.org/W2942502427","https://openalex.org/W2995378982","https://openalex.org/W2805596978","https://openalex.org/W2857592836","https://openalex.org/W2912299026"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Innovation":[0],"augmentation":[1],"via":[2,56],"internationalization":[3,31,68,103,122],"is":[4],"motivated":[5],"by":[6],"headquarters":[7,33],"entrepreneurial":[8,73],"role":[9,74],"in":[10,52,75,92,149],"Chinese":[11,54,127],"multinationals.":[12,154],"Drawing":[13],"on":[14,32,46,99,105,145],"the":[15,21,28,39,59,65,71,86,93,100,150],"parenting":[16,140],"theory,":[17],"this":[18],"paper":[19],"investigates":[20],"effects":[22,98],"of":[23,30,41,49,67,88,102,152],"headquarters'":[24,72,89,106],"political":[25,90,130],"ties":[26,91,131],"and":[27,38,80,104,142],"degree":[29,66,101],"competence":[34,77,107],"contribution":[35,108],"to":[36,78,109,139,143],"subsidiary":[37,81],"extent":[40],"reverse":[42,82,114],"innovation":[43,83,115],"transfer.":[44],"Based":[45],"a":[47],"survey":[48],"177":[50],"subsidiaries":[51],"99":[53],"multinationals":[55],"two":[57],"questionnaires,":[58],"empirical":[60],"results":[61],"show":[62],"that,":[63,120],"while":[64],"enhances":[69],"both":[70],"providing":[76],"subsidiary,":[79],"transfer":[84,116],"efforts,":[85],"strength":[87],"home":[94],"country":[95],"has":[96],"detrimental":[97],"subsidiaries,":[110],"which":[111],"eventually":[112],"hinders":[113],"practices.":[117],"This":[118,136],"means":[119],"although":[121],"may":[123,132],"unlock":[124],"benefits":[125],"for":[126],"multinationals,":[128],"their":[129,134],"hinder":[133],"fulfillment.":[135],"study":[137],"contributes":[138],"theory":[141],"research":[144],"firms'":[146],"internationalization,":[147],"particularly":[148],"context":[151],"emerging-market":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2021-02-01T00:00:00"}