{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3123661001","doi":null,"title":"Wastewater irrigation and health: assessing and mitigating risk in low-income countries","display_name":"Wastewater irrigation and health: assessing and mitigating risk in low-income countries","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3123661001","mag":"3123661001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:ags:iwmibo:137591","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/137591/files/Wastewater_Irrigation_and_Health_book.pdf","pdf_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/137591/files/Wastewater_Irrigation_and_Health_book.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"book"},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10568/36471","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062352149","display_name":"Pay Drechsel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2592-8812","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2592-8812"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pay Drechsel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2592-8812","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081330207","display_name":"Christopher A. Scott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6767-0450","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6767-0450"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher A. Scott","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6767-0450","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049874331","display_name":"Liqa Raschid-Sally","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liqa Raschid-Sally","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111612770","display_name":"Mark Redwood","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Redwood","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110506651","display_name":"Aki\u221a\u00dfa Bahri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aki\u221a\u00dfa Bahri","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6533,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91414141,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11331","display_name":"Fecal contamination and water quality","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10419","display_name":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wastewater-irrigation","display_name":"wastewater irrigation","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health-risk","display_name":"public health risk","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-income-countries","display_name":"low-income countries","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wastewater-treatment","display_name":"wastewater treatment","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-pollution","display_name":"water pollution","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-irrigation","display_name":"crop irrigation","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-food-consumption","display_name":"raw food consumption","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-water-pollution","display_name":"urban water pollution","score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-reduction","display_name":"risk mitigation","score":0.8130000233650208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780151969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q949149","display_name":"Sanitation","level":2,"score":0.7698773145675659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94061648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336191","display_name":"Wastewater","level":2,"score":0.6150584816932678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5319191813468933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.521086573600769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.49581417441368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.451084703207016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21955270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1075169","display_name":"Greywater","level":3,"score":0.42757830023765564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.4248395562171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.4125368595123291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524765639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501619","display_name":"Water resource management","level":1,"score":0.3724314272403717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.36405104398727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3291785717010498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.3272879421710968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2769196331501007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.2679139971733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.17019638419151306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16870012879371643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:ags:iwmibo:137591","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/137591/files/Wastewater_Irrigation_and_Health_book.pdf","pdf_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/137591/files/Wastewater_Irrigation_and_Health_book.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"book"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:iwt:bosers:h042600","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/books/pdf/Wastewater_Irrigation_and_Health_book.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/books/pdf/Wastewater_Irrigation_and_Health_book.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cgspace.cgiar.org:10568/36471","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10568/36471","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10568/36471","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402055","display_name":"CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1286583668","host_organization_name":"CGIAR","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Drechsel, Pay; Scott, C. A.; Raschid Sally, Liqa; Redwood, M.; Bahri, Akissa. (Eds.) 2010. Wastewater irrigation and health: assessing and mitigating risk in low-income countries. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); London, UK: Earthscan; Ottawa, Canada: International Development Research Centre (IDRC). 404p.","raw_type":"Book"},{"id":"mag:3123661001","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/b/ags/iwmibo/137591.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306514696","display_name":"IWMI Books, Reports","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IWMI Books, Reports","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:cgspace.cgiar.org:10568/36470","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10568/36470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402055","display_name":"CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1286583668","host_organization_name":"CGIAR","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Book"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:cgspace.cgiar.org:10568/36471","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10568/36471","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10568/36471","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402055","display_name":"CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1286583668","host_organization_name":"CGIAR","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Drechsel, Pay; Scott, C. A.; Raschid Sally, Liqa; Redwood, M.; Bahri, Akissa. (Eds.) 2010. Wastewater irrigation and health: assessing and mitigating risk in low-income countries. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); London, UK: Earthscan; Ottawa, Canada: International Development Research Centre (IDRC). 404p.","raw_type":"Book"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.8409000039100647,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307856","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319949","display_name":"International Development Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/0445x0472"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320298","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321637","display_name":"Department for International Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05rf29967"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123661001.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123661001.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2158138230","https://openalex.org/W2163335622"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2790365461","https://openalex.org/W3121150537","https://openalex.org/W2006865206","https://openalex.org/W2795354367","https://openalex.org/W4377041623","https://openalex.org/W2801247282","https://openalex.org/W2163335622","https://openalex.org/W7009735745","https://openalex.org/W2330172293","https://openalex.org/W6902414801"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"most":[1],"developing":[2,73,202],"countries":[3],"wastewater":[4,86,153,174,228,252],"treatment":[5,91,134],"systems":[6],"have":[7],"very":[8],"low":[9],"coverage":[10],"or":[11],"function":[12],"poorly,":[13],"resulting":[14],"in":[15,29,72,140,170,246],"large-scale":[16],"water":[17,24],"pollution":[18],"and":[19,51,60,70,93,115,126,137,164,184,194,215,227,238],"the":[20,30,64,83,94,102,108,120,143,148,157,171,201,216,243,247],"use":[21,95],"of":[22,32,66,85,96,111,142,147,173,179],"poor-quality":[23],"for":[25,129,151,224],"crop":[26],"irrigation,":[27],"especially":[28],"vicinity":[31],"urban":[33],"centres.":[34],"This":[35,99],"can":[36],"pose":[37],"significant":[38],"risks":[39],"to":[40,135,206],"public":[41,185],"health,":[42],"particularly":[43],"where":[44],"crops":[45],"are":[46,166],"eaten":[47],"raw.":[48],"Wastewater":[49],"Irrigation":[50],"Health":[52,159],"approaches":[53],"this":[54],"serious":[55],"problem":[56],"from":[57,133,188,210],"a":[58,177,233],"practical":[59],"realistic":[61],"perspective,":[62],"addressing":[63],"issues":[65],"health":[67,130,186,237],"risk":[68,124,131],"assessment":[69,125],"reduction":[71],"country":[74],"settings.":[75],"The":[76,161,196,219],"book":[77,100,220],"therefore":[78],"complements":[79],"other":[80],"books":[81],"on":[82,89,122,250],"topic":[84],"which":[87,240],"focus":[88],"high-end":[90],"options":[92,128,223],"treated":[97],"wastewater.":[98],"moves":[101],"debate":[103],"forward":[104],"by":[105,156],"covering":[106],"also":[107,221],"common":[109],"reality":[110],"untreated":[112],"wastewater,":[113],"greywater":[114],"excreta":[116],"use.":[117],"It":[118],"presents":[119],"state-of-the-art":[121],"quantitative":[123],"low-cost":[127],"reduction,":[132],"on-farm":[136],"off-farm":[138],"measures,":[139],"support":[141],"multiple":[144],"barrier":[145],"approach":[146],"2006":[149],"guidelines":[150],"safe":[152],"irrigation":[154,175],"published":[155],"World":[158],"Organization.":[160],"38":[162],"authors":[163],"co-authors":[165],"international":[167],"key":[168],"experts":[169,187],"field":[172],"representing":[176],"mix":[178],"agronomists,":[180],"engineers,":[181],"social":[182],"scientists":[183],"Africa,":[189,212],"Asia,":[190,213],"Europe,":[191],"North":[192],"America":[193],"Australia.":[195],"chapters":[197],"highlight":[198],"experiences":[199],"across":[200],"world":[203],"with":[204],"reference":[205],"various":[207],"case":[208],"studies":[209],"sub-Saharan":[211],"Mexico":[214],"Middle":[217],"East.":[218],"addresses":[222],"resource":[225],"recovery":[226],"governance,":[229],"thus":[230],"clearly":[231],"establishes":[232],"connection":[234],"between":[235],"agriculture,":[236],"sanitation,":[239],"is":[241],"often":[242],"missing":[244],"link":[245],"current":[248],"discussion":[249],"\u2018making":[251],"an":[253],"asset\u2019.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-02-01T00:00:00"}
