{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3123545164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35866/caujed.2014.39.2.005","title":"EXTERNAL VULNERABILITIES AND ECONOMIC INTEGRATION: IS THE UNION OF SOUTH AMERICAN NATIONS A PROMISING PROJECT?","display_name":"EXTERNAL VULNERABILITIES AND ECONOMIC INTEGRATION: IS THE UNION OF SOUTH AMERICAN NATIONS A PROMISING PROJECT?","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3123545164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35866/caujed.2014.39.2.005","mag":"3123545164"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.35866/caujed.2014.39.2.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35866/caujed.2014.39.2.005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35866/caujed.2014.39.2.005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764481179","display_name":"Journal of Economic Development","issn_l":"0254-8372","issn":["0254-8372","2636-0578"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","kci-registered","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economic Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.35866/caujed.2014.39.2.005","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072401330","display_name":"Andrea Bonilla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5191-8522","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5191-8522"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188626449","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Lumi\u00e8re Lyon 2","ror":"https://ror.org/03rth4p18","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188626449","https://openalex.org/I203339264"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147622","display_name":"Groupe d'Analyse et de Th\u00e9orie Economique Lyon St Etienne","ror":"https://ror.org/042fmc481","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I188626449","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I4210147622","https://openalex.org/I4405259976","https://openalex.org/I51195161"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Gabriela Bonilla Bola\u00f1o","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Lyon 2 - Groupe d'Analyse et de Th\u00e9orie Economique (GATE), 93, chemin des Mouilles, Ecully, 69130, France","Groupe d'analyse et de th\u00e9orie \u00e9conomique"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Lyon 2 - Groupe d'Analyse et de Th\u00e9orie Economique (GATE), 93, chemin des Mouilles, Ecully, 69130, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188626449","https://openalex.org/I4210147622"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groupe d'analyse et de th\u00e9orie \u00e9conomique","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072401330"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188626449","https://openalex.org/I4210147622"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.446,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85558007,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"2","first_page":"97","last_page":"131"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10503","display_name":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","score":0.8974999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10503","display_name":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","score":0.8974999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13352","display_name":"International Relations in Latin America","score":0.05119999870657921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.038100000470876694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unasur","display_name":"UNASUR","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-integration","display_name":"economic integration","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/external-shocks","display_name":"external shocks","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/external-vulnerability","display_name":"external vulnerability","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-vulnerability","display_name":"financial vulnerability","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-stabilization","display_name":"economic stabilization","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monetary-policy","display_name":"monetary policy","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiscal-policy","display_name":"fiscal policy","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-convergence","display_name":"economic convergence","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"synchronization","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-america","display_name":"South America","score":0.6549999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.650609016418457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506295513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729438","display_name":"Economic integration","level":2,"score":0.5878929495811462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776109892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q825026","display_name":"Economic and monetary union","level":3,"score":0.5562891960144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5535531044006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5156218409538269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777437813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218819","display_name":"Customs union","level":2,"score":0.4648493826389313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780081628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3623811","display_name":"Economic union","level":2,"score":0.4605694115161896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5449723","display_name":"Financial integration","level":3,"score":0.44243863224983215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778431023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878249","display_name":"Alliance","level":2,"score":0.4370560646057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.37425923347473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.34785574674606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.32701945304870605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.31924283504486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19244329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208697","display_name":"Financial market","level":2,"score":0.31480294466018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.22284546494483948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.20788952708244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.35866/caujed.2014.39.2.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35866/caujed.2014.39.2.005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35866/caujed.2014.39.2.005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764481179","display_name":"Journal of Economic Development","issn_l":"0254-8372","issn":["0254-8372","2636-0578"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","kci-registered","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economic Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2197759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2197759","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2197759","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:jed:journl:v:39:y:2014:i:2:p:97-131","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.jed.or.kr/full-text/39-2/5.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.jed.or.kr/full-text/39-2/5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.35866/caujed.2014.39.2.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35866/caujed.2014.39.2.005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35866/caujed.2014.39.2.005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764481179","display_name":"Journal of Economic Development","issn_l":"0254-8372","issn":["0254-8372","2636-0578"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","kci-registered","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economic Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6452000141143799,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.5217000246047974,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.428600013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W108420478","https://openalex.org/W595165765","https://openalex.org/W1563088322","https://openalex.org/W1585916421","https://openalex.org/W1964728351","https://openalex.org/W1967253849","https://openalex.org/W1980400344","https://openalex.org/W1987842297","https://openalex.org/W1988222776","https://openalex.org/W1991822471","https://openalex.org/W1991955946","https://openalex.org/W1995535651","https://openalex.org/W1995925142","https://openalex.org/W2004846283","https://openalex.org/W2012897330","https://openalex.org/W2014928779","https://openalex.org/W2015956198","https://openalex.org/W2018932697","https://openalex.org/W2019459021","https://openalex.org/W2024324498","https://openalex.org/W2031719621","https://openalex.org/W2034421007","https://openalex.org/W2038909645","https://openalex.org/W2041674253","https://openalex.org/W2041697615","https://openalex.org/W2044711202","https://openalex.org/W2045247293","https://openalex.org/W2052877147","https://openalex.org/W2056024185","https://openalex.org/W2058545220","https://openalex.org/W2060015767","https://openalex.org/W2062147140","https://openalex.org/W2062512326","https://openalex.org/W2064555159","https://openalex.org/W2071276922","https://openalex.org/W2072470960","https://openalex.org/W2074693707","https://openalex.org/W2092270509","https://openalex.org/W2092782808","https://openalex.org/W2095046943","https://openalex.org/W2098235318","https://openalex.org/W2103894424","https://openalex.org/W2122709922","https://openalex.org/W2129715034","https://openalex.org/W2152721834","https://openalex.org/W2160595333","https://openalex.org/W2168891158","https://openalex.org/W2493081869","https://openalex.org/W2502218575","https://openalex.org/W2605060593","https://openalex.org/W2614854554","https://openalex.org/W2955422742","https://openalex.org/W2996121507","https://openalex.org/W3122135342","https://openalex.org/W3123420876","https://openalex.org/W3123429674","https://openalex.org/W3124397914","https://openalex.org/W3124656784","https://openalex.org/W3125146190","https://openalex.org/W3125405841","https://openalex.org/W3125502808","https://openalex.org/W3125770312","https://openalex.org/W3126033921","https://openalex.org/W3150128453","https://openalex.org/W4301935132"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2472889366","https://openalex.org/W2126999998","https://openalex.org/W7217583718","https://openalex.org/W3168569103","https://openalex.org/W1860469807","https://openalex.org/W3045379983","https://openalex.org/W2038441992","https://openalex.org/W7133441329","https://openalex.org/W7015851435","https://openalex.org/W6977522721"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,6,25,37,55,63,78,95],"reactions":[4],"of":[5,8,62,80,98],"Union":[7],"South":[9],"American":[10],"Nations":[11],"(UNASUR)":[12],"economies":[13],"to":[14,29,87],"external":[15,56],"shocks.":[16],"Because":[17],"it":[18],"was":[19],"conceived":[20],"as":[21],"a":[22,31,46,90],"political":[23],"alliance,":[24],"UNASUR":[26],"is":[27,43,102],"likely":[28],"be":[30],"promising":[32],"integration":[33,100],"project.":[34],"Thus,":[35],"assessing":[36],"union":[38],"from":[39],"an":[40],"economic":[41],"perspective":[42],"essential.":[44],"Using":[45],"structural":[47],"vector":[48],"autoregression":[49],"(SVAR)":[50],"approach,":[51],"this":[52],"study":[53],"assesses":[54],"monetary,":[57],"commercial":[58],"and":[59,77,89],"financial":[60],"vulnerability":[61],"bloc":[64],"members,":[65],"together":[66],"with":[67],"their":[68],"preferences":[69],"for":[70],"stabilization":[71],"tools":[72],"(monetary":[73],"or":[74],"fiscal":[75],"instruments)":[76],"level":[79,93],"convergence.":[81],"The":[82],"results":[83],"reveal":[84],"mutual":[85],"weaknesses":[86],"overcome":[88],"considerable":[91],"synchronization":[92],"within":[94],"UNASUR.":[96],"Evidence":[97],"positive":[99],"prospects":[101],"found.":[103]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2021-02-01T00:00:00"}