{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3122875349","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1996(99)00053-7","title":"Specific and ad valorem tariffs are not equivalent in trade wars","display_name":"Specific and ad valorem tariffs are not equivalent in trade wars","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3122875349","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1996(99)00053-7","mag":"3122875349"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0022-1996(99)00053-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1996(99)00053-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1996(99)00053-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098467","display_name":"Journal of International Economics","issn_l":"0022-1996","issn":["0022-1996","1873-0353"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of International Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102742787","display_name":"Ben Lockwood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2402-1514","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2402-1514","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-2160"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Lockwood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009848475","display_name":"Kar\u2010yiu Wong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kar-yiu Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-3330, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-3330, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009848475"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":{"value":4300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4300},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1078,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95417701,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"1","first_page":"183","last_page":"195"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12428","display_name":"Global Trade and Competitiveness","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11043","display_name":"Merger and Competition Analysis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-war","display_name":"trade war","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specific-tariffs","display_name":"specific tariffs","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ad-valorem-tariffs","display_name":"ad valorem tariffs","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-tariff","display_name":"optimal tariff","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tariff-revenue","display_name":"customs revenue","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-stage-game","display_name":"two-stage game","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-markets","display_name":"competitive markets","score":0.574999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55214782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46257","display_name":"Ad valorem tax","level":3,"score":0.8462526798248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776060655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52389","display_name":"Tariff","level":2,"score":0.8331418037414551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.8160411715507507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775906566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q692412","display_name":"Trade war","level":3,"score":0.6878544092178345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.5447408556938171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.5364691615104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.5356893539428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4391229450702667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.4164672791957855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.3416650891304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.14612352848052979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C551662922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2346630","display_name":"Tax reform","level":2,"score":0.08998540043830872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0022-1996(99)00053-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1996(99)00053-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1996(99)00053-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098467","display_name":"Journal of International Economics","issn_l":"0022-1996","issn":["0022-1996","1873-0353"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of International Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:inecon:v:52:y:2000:i:1:p:183-195","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022-1996(99)00053-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546321269","https://openalex.org/W1596874120","https://openalex.org/W1607831574","https://openalex.org/W1970425771","https://openalex.org/W1973625102","https://openalex.org/W1999455661","https://openalex.org/W2019884688","https://openalex.org/W2313607699","https://openalex.org/W2895781952","https://openalex.org/W4301206741"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7160299777","https://openalex.org/W3048399688","https://openalex.org/W2013415504","https://openalex.org/W2156347678","https://openalex.org/W7043369597","https://openalex.org/W7097356177","https://openalex.org/W2373781370","https://openalex.org/W2165784008","https://openalex.org/W2199597377","https://openalex.org/W2284443982"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2021-02-01T00:00:00"}
