{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3121827403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700012279","title":"Temporary Appointments and Judicial Independence: Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Findings from the Supreme Court of Israel","display_name":"Temporary Appointments and Judicial Independence: Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Findings from the Supreme Court of Israel","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3121827403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700012279","mag":"3121827403"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0021223700012279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700012279","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700012279","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181618396","display_name":"Israel Law Review","issn_l":"0021-2237","issn":["0021-2237","2047-9336"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Israel Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=271411","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087899142","display_name":"Eli Salzberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-1568","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-1568"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eli M. Salzberger","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087899142"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6112,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97111236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"2-3","first_page":"481","last_page":"523"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13075","display_name":"Legal Systems and Judicial Processes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12332","display_name":"Comparative constitutional jurisprudence studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-independence","display_name":"judicial independence","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporary-appointments","display_name":"temporary appointments","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supreme-court-of-israel","display_name":"Israeli Supreme Court","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-tenure","display_name":"judicial tenure","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-appointment-procedure","display_name":"judicial appointment procedure","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-promotion","display_name":"judicial promotion","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/separation-of-powers","display_name":"separation of powers","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-of-law","display_name":"rule of law","score":0.9390000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79638320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3059233","display_name":"Judicial independence","level":3,"score":0.832665741443634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.7646582722663879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5814725160598755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.5546770691871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.48735886812210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4625740349292755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778272461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190752","display_name":"Supreme court","level":2,"score":0.4618588387966156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126053111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79896","display_name":"Separation of powers","level":3,"score":0.4515775740146637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81819989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330176","display_name":"Judicial activism","level":3,"score":0.416303426027298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48764862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898871","display_name":"Judicial review","level":2,"score":0.3271806538105011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776154427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7755","display_name":"Constitution","level":2,"score":0.11054164171218872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.10083431005477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08576369285583496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.06748694181442261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0021223700012279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700012279","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700012279","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181618396","display_name":"Israel Law Review","issn_l":"0021-2237","issn":["0021-2237","2047-9336"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Israel Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:2409207624","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=271411","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:2409207624","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=271411","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9595999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W634138484","https://openalex.org/W640663043","https://openalex.org/W648087778","https://openalex.org/W1485570809","https://openalex.org/W1527435857","https://openalex.org/W1557483697","https://openalex.org/W1977825494","https://openalex.org/W1985079567","https://openalex.org/W2014905132","https://openalex.org/W2023773910","https://openalex.org/W2024067667","https://openalex.org/W2036181823","https://openalex.org/W2039346682","https://openalex.org/W2049105781","https://openalex.org/W2067742309","https://openalex.org/W2076982329","https://openalex.org/W2079447194","https://openalex.org/W2082048000","https://openalex.org/W2167316762","https://openalex.org/W2331182555","https://openalex.org/W2796259035","https://openalex.org/W2977475061","https://openalex.org/W3124579883","https://openalex.org/W3125136626","https://openalex.org/W4234963003"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2409207624","https://openalex.org/W7147689303","https://openalex.org/W2260948343","https://openalex.org/W7205000964","https://openalex.org/W371368304","https://openalex.org/W4393126553","https://openalex.org/W361412520","https://openalex.org/W2301715742","https://openalex.org/W3134794609","https://openalex.org/W1588253053"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Judicial":[0,23],"independence":[1,24,31,42,55,66,82],"is":[2,75],"regarded":[3],"as":[4,36,38,77],"an":[5],"essential":[6],"condition":[7],"for":[8,99,106],"the":[9,33,44,57,68,107,114,117],"rule":[10],"of":[11,15,20,47,53,60,65,81,103,109,116],"law":[12],"and":[13,71,88,101,113,119],"separation":[14],"powers":[16],"\u2014":[17],"two":[18],"pillars":[19],"liberal":[21],"democracy.":[22],"ought":[25],"to":[26,29,40,111],"include":[27],"components":[28,39],"secure":[30,41],"on":[32,43],"individual":[34],"level,":[35],"well":[37],"institutional":[45],"level":[46],"courts.":[48],"The":[49],"most":[50],"important":[51],"objects":[52],"judicial":[54],"are":[56],"other":[58,73],"branches":[59],"government,":[61],"but":[62],"some":[63],"degree":[64],"from":[67,72,94],"general":[69],"public":[70],"judges":[74,112],"required":[76],"well.":[78],"These":[79],"features":[80],"can":[83],"be":[84],"achieved":[85],"by":[86],"rigid":[87],"entrenched":[89],"arrangements":[90],"regarding":[91],"tenure,":[92],"immunity":[93],"wage":[95],"decrease,":[96],"special":[97],"procedures":[98],"appointment":[100],"promotion":[102],"judges,":[104],"mechanisms":[105],"allocation":[108],"cases":[110],"composition":[115],"benches,":[118],"more.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-02-01T00:00:00"}