{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3120940293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111904","title":"Changes in soil properties and salt tolerance of safflower in response to biochar-based metal oxide nanocomposites of magnesium and manganese","display_name":"Changes in soil properties and salt tolerance of safflower in response to biochar-based metal oxide nanocomposites of magnesium and manganese","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3120940293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111904","mag":"3120940293","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33453639"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111904","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111904","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321000154/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13733787","display_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","issn_l":"0147-6513","issn":["0147-6513","1090-2414"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321000154/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057042930","display_name":"Salar Farhangi\u2010Abriz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6971-3944","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6971-3944"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41832843","display_name":"University of Tabriz","ror":"https://ror.org/01papkj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salar Farhangi-Abriz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012727258","display_name":"Kazem Ghassemi\u2010Golezani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9560-1869","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9560-1869"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41832843","display_name":"University of Tabriz","ror":"https://ror.org/01papkj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: golezani@gmail.com","Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: golezani@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012727258"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2600},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2600},"fwci":10.7499,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":109,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99203887,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"211","issue":null,"first_page":"111904","last_page":"111904"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10014","display_name":"Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance","score":0.8187999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10014","display_name":"Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance","score":0.8187999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12742","display_name":"Sunflower and Safflower Cultivation","score":0.03319999948143959,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12344","display_name":"Silicon Effects in Agriculture","score":0.014399999752640724,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochar","display_name":"biochar","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-oxide-nanocomposites","display_name":"metal oxide nanocomposites","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnesium-oxide","display_name":"magnesium oxide","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manganese-oxide","display_name":"manganese oxide","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safflower","display_name":"safflower","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salt-tolerance","display_name":"salt tolerance","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salt-stress","display_name":"salt stress","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-properties","display_name":"soil properties","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-adsorption-ratio","display_name":"sodium adsorption ratio","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exchangeable-sodium-percentage","display_name":"exchangeable sodium percentage","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osmolytes","display_name":"osmolytes","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proline","display_name":"proline","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/betaine","display_name":"betaine","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-uptake","display_name":"nutrient uptake","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-use-efficiency","display_name":"water use efficiency","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cation-exchange-capacity","display_name":"cation exchange capacity","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-ph","display_name":"soil pH","score":0.3529999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56085101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905495","display_name":"Biochar","level":3,"score":0.9474730491638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.6066015362739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537181965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658","display_name":"Sodium","level":2,"score":0.5419874787330627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528890316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q731","display_name":"Manganese","level":2,"score":0.5295672416687012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543218039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660","display_name":"Magnesium","level":2,"score":0.5170934200286865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.4959886968135834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.4545431137084961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C517785266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q703","display_name":"Potassium","level":2,"score":0.4520334303379059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.4121585786342621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.33525586128234863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.06820103526115417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36759035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176848","display_name":"Pyrolysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077323","descriptor_name":"Salt Stress","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000327","descriptor_name":"Adsorption","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002606","descriptor_name":"Charcoal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002734","descriptor_name":"Chlorophyll","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007477","descriptor_name":"Ions","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008274","descriptor_name":"Magnesium","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008274","descriptor_name":"Magnesium","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008345","descriptor_name":"Manganese","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008345","descriptor_name":"Manganese","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010087","descriptor_name":"Oxides","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011188","descriptor_name":"Potassium","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012964","descriptor_name":"Sodium","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012987","descriptor_name":"Soil","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012989","descriptor_name":"Soil Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D031187","descriptor_name":"Carthamus tinctorius","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053761","descriptor_name":"Nanocomposites","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D054712","descriptor_name":"Salinity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055049","descriptor_name":"Salt Tolerance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111904","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111904","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321000154/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13733787","display_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","issn_l":"0147-6513","issn":["0147-6513","1090-2414"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33453639","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33453639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecotoxicology and environmental safety","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bcd90b7b4da9445cba01d9c435aefd8f","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bcd90b7b4da9445cba01d9c435aefd8f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol 211, Iss , Pp 111904- (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111904","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111904","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321000154/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13733787","display_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","issn_l":"0147-6513","issn":["0147-6513","1090-2414"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life on land","score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.6735000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324703","display_name":"University of Tabriz","ror":"https://ror.org/01papkj44"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120940293.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120940293.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23337821","https://openalex.org/W181692791","https://openalex.org/W1541982095","https://openalex.org/W1924570752","https://openalex.org/W1974907033","https://openalex.org/W1983404505","https://openalex.org/W2024868686","https://openalex.org/W2028823348","https://openalex.org/W2062737657","https://openalex.org/W2073942961","https://openalex.org/W2084415833","https://openalex.org/W2114828805","https://openalex.org/W2128635872","https://openalex.org/W2129108168","https://openalex.org/W2129623720","https://openalex.org/W2150532153","https://openalex.org/W2178821041","https://openalex.org/W2218889548","https://openalex.org/W2223923809","https://openalex.org/W2269509828","https://openalex.org/W2328874691","https://openalex.org/W2336523504","https://openalex.org/W2480999972","https://openalex.org/W2511259763","https://openalex.org/W2559962428","https://openalex.org/W2570361837","https://openalex.org/W2604521641","https://openalex.org/W2606912331","https://openalex.org/W2607458463","https://openalex.org/W2610735241","https://openalex.org/W2626164265","https://openalex.org/W2725225074","https://openalex.org/W2761452215","https://openalex.org/W2797372772","https://openalex.org/W2797409815","https://openalex.org/W2805333410","https://openalex.org/W2891926271","https://openalex.org/W2902411381","https://openalex.org/W2911770377","https://openalex.org/W2912747648","https://openalex.org/W2952381737","https://openalex.org/W2960439571","https://openalex.org/W2976721981","https://openalex.org/W2996799989","https://openalex.org/W3008112852","https://openalex.org/W3009477033","https://openalex.org/W3040543678","https://openalex.org/W3080666194","https://openalex.org/W4243465027","https://openalex.org/W6600969605"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3184491594","https://openalex.org/W3105172089","https://openalex.org/W4297200126","https://openalex.org/W4392199073","https://openalex.org/W7169845241","https://openalex.org/W4414195338","https://openalex.org/W4409965766","https://openalex.org/W4293055969","https://openalex.org/W4416807755","https://openalex.org/W4367300391"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"original":[1],"research":[2],"was":[3,149],"performed":[4],"to":[5,176,238],"assess":[6],"the":[7,76,85,153,158,178,217,223,229],"possible":[8],"effects":[9],"of":[10,22,41,64,71,82,87,113,118,147,160,171,202],"solid":[11,154],"biochar":[12,15,35,140],"(25":[13,25,32],"g":[14,26,33,45,49],"kg\u22121":[16,28,36,51],"soil)":[17,37,52],"and":[18,38,56,60,78,84,102,120,125,128,133,141,188,192,204,227],"biochar-based":[19],"nanocomposites":[20,43],"(BNCs)":[21],"magnesium":[23],"oxide":[24,31],"BNC-MgO":[27,46,172],"soil),":[29],"manganese":[30],"BNC-MnO":[34,50,174],"combined":[39,169],"use":[40,100],"these":[42],"(12.5":[44],"+":[47,173],"12.5":[48],"on":[53],"soil":[54],"properties":[55],"salinity":[57],"(non-saline,":[58],"6":[59,132],"12":[61,134],"dSm\u22121)":[62],"tolerance":[63],"safflower":[65],"plants":[66,119,203],"(Carthamus":[67],"tinctorius":[68],"L.).":[69],"Application":[70],"biochar,":[72,155],"particularly":[73],"BNCs":[74,142,148,161,189,214],"increased":[75],"pH":[77],"cation":[79],"exchange":[80],"capacity":[81,146],"soil,":[83,114],"contents":[86],"water,":[88],"potassium,":[89],"calcium,":[90],"magnesium,":[91],"manganese,":[92],"chlorophyll":[93],"(a":[94],"&":[95],"b),":[96],"nutrients":[97,224],"uptake,":[98],"water":[99,232],"efficiency":[101],"plant":[103,218,230,240],"growth.":[104],"Sodium":[105,144],"adsorption":[106],"ratio":[107],"(SAR),":[108],"exchangeable":[109],"sodium":[110,115,164,199],"percentage":[111],"(ESP)":[112],"absorption":[116,200,225],"rate":[117,201,226],"osmolyte":[121],"production":[122],"(soluble":[123],"carbohydrates":[124],"proteins,":[126],"proline":[127],"glycine":[129],"betaine)":[130],"under":[131,207,242],"dSm\u22121":[135],"salinities":[136],"were":[137],"decreased":[138],"by":[139,166,195],"treatments.":[143],"sorption":[145],"much":[150],"higher":[151],"than":[152],"which":[156],"reflected":[157],"superiority":[159],"in":[162,185],"decreasing":[163,182],"uptake":[165],"plants.":[167],"The":[168],"application":[170],"proved":[175],"be":[177],"preferable":[179],"treatment":[180],"for":[181],"salt":[183,243],"toxicity":[184],"safflower.":[186],"Biochar":[187],"improved":[190],"root":[191],"shoot":[193],"growth":[194,241],"lowering":[196],"SAR,":[197],"ESP,":[198],"osmotic":[205],"stress":[206],"saline":[208],"conditions.":[209],"These":[210],"results":[211],"conclude":[212],"that":[213],"can":[215],"enrich":[216],"cells":[219],"with":[220],"nutrients,":[221],"increase":[222],"maintain":[228],"tissue":[231],"content":[233],"at":[234],"an":[235],"optimum":[236],"level":[237],"improve":[239],"stress.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-01-18T00:00:00"}
