{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3119089893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12538","title":"The Synergistic Effect of Combined Transforaminal and Caudal Epidural Steroid Injection in Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniations","display_name":"The Synergistic Effect of Combined Transforaminal and Caudal Epidural Steroid Injection in Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniations","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3119089893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12538","mag":"3119089893","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33425566","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7790305"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.12538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12538","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12538","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/48972-the-synergistic-effect-of-combined-transforaminal-and-caudal-epidural-steroid-injection-in-recurrent-lumbar-disc-herniations.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W3119089893"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/48972-the-synergistic-effect-of-combined-transforaminal-and-caudal-epidural-steroid-injection-in-recurrent-lumbar-disc-herniations.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084613385","display_name":"\u015eevket Evran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1041-252X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1041-252X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115600380","display_name":"Bal\u0131kesir University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tv7db43","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1351752","display_name":"Ko\u00e7 University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jzwgz36","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091267","display_name":"\u0130stanbul Geli\u015fim \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/0188hvh39","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108009","display_name":"Haseki E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/010q6ek40","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112332","display_name":"Memorial Sisli Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/021e99k21","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157622","display_name":"\u015ei\u015fli Etfal E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/05fmwts39","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sevket Evran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052895994","display_name":"Ahmet Kayhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6549-8303","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6549-8303"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115600380","display_name":"Bal\u0131kesir University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tv7db43","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1351752","display_name":"Ko\u00e7 University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jzwgz36","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091267","display_name":"\u0130stanbul Geli\u015fim \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/0188hvh39","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108009","display_name":"Haseki E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/010q6ek40","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112332","display_name":"Memorial Sisli Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/021e99k21","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157622","display_name":"\u015ei\u015fli Etfal E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/05fmwts39","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmet Kayhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023164370","display_name":"O\u011fuz Baran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2345-4318","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2345-4318"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115600380","display_name":"Bal\u0131kesir University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tv7db43","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1351752","display_name":"Ko\u00e7 University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jzwgz36","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091267","display_name":"\u0130stanbul Geli\u015fim \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/0188hvh39","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108009","display_name":"Haseki E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/010q6ek40","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112332","display_name":"Memorial Sisli Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/021e99k21","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157622","display_name":"\u015ei\u015fli Etfal E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/05fmwts39","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oguz Baran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019356972","display_name":"Tahsin Sayg\u0131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-1582","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-1582"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115600380","display_name":"Bal\u0131kesir University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tv7db43","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1351752","display_name":"Ko\u00e7 University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jzwgz36","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091267","display_name":"\u0130stanbul Geli\u015fim \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/0188hvh39","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108009","display_name":"Haseki E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/010q6ek40","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112332","display_name":"Memorial Sisli Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/021e99k21","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157622","display_name":"\u015ei\u015fli Etfal E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/05fmwts39","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tahsin Saygi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012979035","display_name":"Salim Katar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8311-1122","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8311-1122"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115600380","display_name":"Bal\u0131kesir University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tv7db43","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1351752","display_name":"Ko\u00e7 University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jzwgz36","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091267","display_name":"\u0130stanbul Geli\u015fim \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/0188hvh39","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108009","display_name":"Haseki E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/010q6ek40","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112332","display_name":"Memorial Sisli Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/021e99k21","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157622","display_name":"\u015ei\u015fli Etfal E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/05fmwts39","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salim Katar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060990190","display_name":"Enes Akkaya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2503-754X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2503-754X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115600380","display_name":"Bal\u0131kesir University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tv7db43","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1351752","display_name":"Ko\u00e7 University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jzwgz36","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091267","display_name":"\u0130stanbul Geli\u015fim \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/0188hvh39","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108009","display_name":"Haseki E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/010q6ek40","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112332","display_name":"Memorial Sisli Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/021e99k21","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157622","display_name":"\u015ei\u015fli Etfal E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/05fmwts39","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enes Akkaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081248144","display_name":"Muhammet Arif \u00d6zbek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1847-2562","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1847-2562"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115600380","display_name":"Bal\u0131kesir University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tv7db43","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1351752","display_name":"Ko\u00e7 University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jzwgz36","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091267","display_name":"\u0130stanbul Geli\u015fim \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/0188hvh39","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108009","display_name":"Haseki E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/010q6ek40","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112332","display_name":"Memorial Sisli Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/021e99k21","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157622","display_name":"\u015ei\u015fli Etfal E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/05fmwts39","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammet Arif Ozbek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041185715","display_name":"Serdar \u00c7evik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2733-4233","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2733-4233"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115600380","display_name":"Bal\u0131kesir University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tv7db43","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1351752","display_name":"Ko\u00e7 University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jzwgz36","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091267","display_name":"\u0130stanbul Geli\u015fim \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/0188hvh39","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108009","display_name":"Haseki E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/010q6ek40","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112332","display_name":"Memorial Sisli Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/021e99k21","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157622","display_name":"\u015ei\u015fli Etfal E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi","ror":"https://ror.org/05fmwts39","country_code":"TR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Serdar \u00c7evik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR",". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosurgery, Memorial Sisli Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112332"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Health Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Haseki Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108009"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Balikesir University, Balikesir, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Neurosurgery, Sisli Etfal Hamidiye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157622"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084613385"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115600380","https://openalex.org/I1351752","https://openalex.org/I4210091267","https://openalex.org/I4210108009","https://openalex.org/I4210112332","https://openalex.org/I4210157622"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7038,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63698697,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":"e12538","last_page":"e12538"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.021900000050663948,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11840","display_name":"Pain Management and Treatment","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-lumbar-disc-herniation","display_name":"recurrent lumbar disc herniation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transforaminal-epidural-steroid-injection","display_name":"transforaminal epidural steroid injection","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caudal-epidural-steroid-injection","display_name":"caudal epidural steroid injection","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-low-back-pain","display_name":"chronic low back pain","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leg-pain","display_name":"leg pain","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oswestry-disability-index","display_name":"Oswestry Disability Index","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pain-relief","display_name":"analgesia","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-life","display_name":"quality of life","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conservative-treatment","display_name":"conservative treatment","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sciatica","display_name":"sciatica","score":0.4050000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dural-puncture","display_name":"dural puncture","score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nerve-root-injury","display_name":"nerve root injury","score":0.5009999871253967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9700525999069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777761098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5382872","display_name":"Epidural steroid injection","level":4,"score":0.9268670678138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14184104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362526","display_name":"Visual analogue scale","level":2,"score":0.6314444541931152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780907711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852163","display_name":"Low back pain","level":3,"score":0.6016113758087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775998654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11751687","display_name":"Oswestry Disability Index","level":4,"score":0.5896651148796082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44575665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1293405","display_name":"Lumbar","level":2,"score":0.553345263004303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.5081050395965576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.45410311222076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992636618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q697117","display_name":"Lumbar disc herniation","level":3,"score":0.45365846157073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776501849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5781808","display_name":"Back pain","level":3,"score":0.4506799876689911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.12538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12538","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12538","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/48972-the-synergistic-effect-of-combined-transforaminal-and-caudal-epidural-steroid-injection-in-recurrent-lumbar-disc-herniations.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:6702988","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC7790305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:33425566","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33425566","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7790305","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7790305/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.12538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12538","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12538","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/48972-the-synergistic-effect-of-combined-transforaminal-and-caudal-epidural-steroid-injection-in-recurrent-lumbar-disc-herniations.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3119089893.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3119089893.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63806859","https://openalex.org/W1501815901","https://openalex.org/W1799249819","https://openalex.org/W1900789154","https://openalex.org/W1993140784","https://openalex.org/W2037766267","https://openalex.org/W2042892758","https://openalex.org/W2057665838","https://openalex.org/W2071234205","https://openalex.org/W2105162147","https://openalex.org/W2113600576","https://openalex.org/W2135791486","https://openalex.org/W2154802882","https://openalex.org/W2158482789","https://openalex.org/W2160111209","https://openalex.org/W2271893803","https://openalex.org/W2280225041","https://openalex.org/W2313198261","https://openalex.org/W2316120427","https://openalex.org/W2324823855","https://openalex.org/W2346185942","https://openalex.org/W2515207930","https://openalex.org/W2573550393","https://openalex.org/W2765179428","https://openalex.org/W2783654722","https://openalex.org/W2805791815","https://openalex.org/W2981652579","https://openalex.org/W3138206232","https://openalex.org/W4210361401","https://openalex.org/W4245507805"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4405720711","https://openalex.org/W3110251016","https://openalex.org/W4386123870","https://openalex.org/W4403963422","https://openalex.org/W2883311440","https://openalex.org/W3131572855","https://openalex.org/W2887218543","https://openalex.org/W1993140784","https://openalex.org/W3201626906","https://openalex.org/W3128943859"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"Recurrent":[1],"lumbar":[2,29,122],"disc":[3,30,123],"herniation":[4,124],"(RLDH)":[5],"is":[6,33,488],"one":[7],"of":[8,13,106,132,146,161,199,223,232,294,368,374,398,503],"the":[9,40,43,84,104,138,208,213,216,220,226,249,267,271,284,287,291,295,302,313,324,328,333,360,369,375,393,413,419,496],"most":[10],"common":[11],"causes":[12],"chronic":[14],"low":[15,194],"back":[16,195,305,345],"and":[17,50,57,77,109,126,130,142,169,183,197,210,219,225,238,259,280,290,311,321,365,381,404,427,430,455,499],"leg":[18,192,274,336],"pain.":[19],"Although":[20],"surgical":[21],"treatment":[22,61,152,487,492,513],"has":[23,116],"high":[24],"success":[25,48,501],"rates":[26,49,502],"in":[27,94,120,134,163,299,323,412],"primary":[28,121],"herniations,":[31],"recurrence":[32],"not":[34,90,385],"an":[35,489],"uncommon":[36],"clinic":[37,165],"condition":[38],"after":[39],"surgery.":[41],"Considering":[42,495],"recurrent":[44,504],"surgeries":[45],"have":[46,89],"lower":[47,411,500],"higher":[51,497],"risks,":[52],"such":[53],"as":[54,153,253],"dural":[55],"tear":[56],"nerve":[58],"injury,":[59],"alternative":[60,85],"modalities":[62],"are":[63,83],"needed":[64],"for":[65,137,440,461,477,493,515],"RLDH":[66,95,135,162,516],"patients.":[67,517],"Epidural":[68],"steroid":[69,74,79],"injections":[70],"(ESI),":[71],"particularly":[72],"transforaminal":[73],"injection":[75,80],"(TFESI)":[76],"caudal":[78],"(CESI),":[81],"which":[82,115],"treatments":[86],"to":[87,102,190,248,387,409],"surgery,":[88],"shown":[91],"reasonable":[92],"results":[93,227],"separately.":[96],"In":[97,266,327],"this":[98,300],"study,":[99],"we":[100],"aimed":[101],"investigate":[103],"effects":[105],"combined":[107],"TFESI":[108,155,157,255,260,269,329,414,421,484,506],"CESI":[110,159,262,331,416,486,508],"(TFESI":[111],"+":[112,158,261,330,415,485,507],"CESI)":[113],"treatment,":[114],"been":[117],"found":[118,386,408],"successful":[119],"(PLDH)":[125],"on":[127],"pain":[128],"control":[129],"quality":[131],"life":[133],"patients":[136],"first":[139],"time.":[140],"Materials":[141],"methods":[143,252],"A":[144],"total":[145],"71":[147,233],"patients,":[148,234],"who":[149],"had":[150],"ESI":[151,251],"only":[154,254,268,420],"or":[156],"because":[160],"our":[164],"between":[166,392],"March":[167],"2017":[168],"February":[170],"2020,":[171],"were":[172,188,228,236,242,433],"investigated":[173],"retrospectively.":[174],"The":[175,372,396],"visual":[176],"analog":[177],"scale":[178],"(VAS)":[179],"leg,":[180,378,401],"VAS":[181,273,304,335,344,377,379,400,402,441,462],"back,":[182,380,403],"Oswestry":[184],"disability":[185],"index":[186],"(ODI)":[187],"used":[189],"assess":[191],"pain,":[193,196],"limitation":[198],"daily":[200],"routine":[201],"activities.":[202],"Each":[203],"assessment":[204],"was":[205,276,307,317,338,384,407],"done":[206],"before":[207],"intervention":[209],"repeated":[211],"at":[212,283,359,423,437,446,452,458,466,470,474],"third":[214,217,285,288,361,363,447,453,467,471],"week,":[215,286,362,448,468],"month,":[218,289,364,472],"sixth":[221,292,366,459,475],"month":[222,293,367,454,460,476],"injection,":[224,296,370],"noted.":[229],"Results":[230],"Out":[231],"38":[235],"female":[237],"33":[239],"male.":[240],"Patients":[241],"divided":[243],"into":[244],"two":[245,394],"subgroups":[246],"according":[247],"applied":[250],"(n":[256,263],"=":[257,264,444,450],"32)":[258],"39).":[265],"group,":[270,301,332],"mean":[272,303,314,334,343,351,373,397],"score":[275,306,316,337,346,353],"7.84,":[277],"4.63,":[278],"5.40,":[279],"6.19":[281],"before,":[282,358],"respectively.":[297,371],"Also,":[298],"8.06,":[308],"4.16,":[309],"4.88,":[310],"5.97;":[312],"ODI":[315,352,382,405],"55.81,":[318],"34.31,":[319],"37.5,":[320],"49.04":[322],"same":[325],"respect.":[326],"8.20,":[339],"2.87,":[340],"3.64,":[341],"4.23;":[342],"8.03,":[347],"3.05,":[348],"3.90,":[349],"4.08;":[350],"56.56,":[354],"28.05,":[355],"30.21,":[356],"33.64":[357],"initial":[376],"scores":[383,406],"be":[388,410,510],"statistically":[389,434],"significantly":[390],"different":[391],"groups.":[395],"all":[399],"group":[417,422],"than":[418],"each":[424,438],"third-week,":[425],"third-month,":[426],"sixth-month":[428],"controls,":[429],"these":[431],"differences":[432],"significant.":[435],"(p<0.0001":[436],"controls":[439],"leg;":[442],"p":[443,449,456],"0.001":[445],"0.002":[451],"<0.0001":[457],"back;":[463],"p=":[464],"0.0003":[465],"p<0.0001":[469,473],"ODI)":[478],"Conclusion":[479],"Our":[480],"study":[481],"demonstrates":[482],"that":[483],"effective":[490],"non-surgical":[491],"RLDH.":[494],"risks":[498],"surgeries,":[505],"can":[509],"a":[511],"potential":[512],"option":[514]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2021-01-18T00:00:00"}
