{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3114092017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010240","title":"Analytical Pyrolysis and Mass Spectrometry to Characterise Lignin in Archaeological Wood","display_name":"Analytical Pyrolysis and Mass Spectrometry to Characterise Lignin in Archaeological Wood","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3114092017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010240","mag":"3114092017"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/app11010240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010240","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/1/240/pdf?version=1609239314","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/1/240/pdf?version=1609239314","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017075371","display_name":"Jeannette Jacqueline \u0141ucejko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7717-4039","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7717-4039"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeannette Jacqueline Lucejko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7717-4039","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065471993","display_name":"Diego Tamburini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4107-0430","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4107-0430"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego Tamburini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4107-0430","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073610601","display_name":"Francesca Modugno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0446-668X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0446-668X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Modugno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039328026","display_name":"Erika Ribechini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4978-2782","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4978-2782"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erika Ribechini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4978-2782","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068364577","display_name":"Maria Perla Colombini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1666-8596","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1666-8596"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Perla Colombini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017075371"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1901},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1901},"fwci":30.6612,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99656012,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"240","last_page":"240"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.6284000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.6284000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11208","display_name":"Lignin and Wood Chemistry","score":0.3440000116825104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12981","display_name":"Conservation Techniques and Studies","score":0.007400000002235174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1206","display_name":"Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lignin","display_name":"lignin","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeological-wood","display_name":"archaeological wood","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytical-pyrolysis","display_name":"analytical pyrolysis","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lignin-degradation","display_name":"lignin degradation","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waterlogged-wood","display_name":"waterlogged wood","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolved-gas-analysis","display_name":"evolved gas analysis","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyrolysis-gc-ms","display_name":"pyrolysis-GC/MS","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lignin-oxidation","display_name":"lignin oxidation","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lignin-depolymerization","display_name":"lignin depolymerization","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preventive-conservation","display_name":"preventive conservation","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wood-consolidation","display_name":"wood consolidation","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wood-preservation","display_name":"wood preservation","score":0.35100001096725464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781052789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184817","display_name":"Lignin","level":2,"score":0.9549248218536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36759035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176848","display_name":"Pyrolysis","level":2,"score":0.7130686044692993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80294","display_name":"Cellulose","level":2,"score":0.7041150331497192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162356407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180809","display_name":"Mass spectrometry","level":2,"score":0.686847984790802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776456515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17145677","display_name":"Pyrolysis\u2013gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry","level":3,"score":0.6160528659820557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5026867389678955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3795093297958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.33249431848526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.325015127658844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.1917763650417328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.1184169352054596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09887832403182983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/app11010240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010240","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/1/240/pdf?version=1609239314","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/1066697","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11568/1066697","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bf5cca99a9234886a6db14bc3dc5182c","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bf5cca99a9234886a6db14bc3dc5182c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 1, p 240 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/app11010240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010240","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/1/240/pdf?version=1609239314","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.6100000143051147}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3114092017.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3114092017.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":95,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W654533393","https://openalex.org/W915868763","https://openalex.org/W1545865818","https://openalex.org/W1583087387","https://openalex.org/W1605463705","https://openalex.org/W1806127080","https://openalex.org/W1926036904","https://openalex.org/W1958922823","https://openalex.org/W1964194799","https://openalex.org/W1966032295","https://openalex.org/W1968631935","https://openalex.org/W1971062851","https://openalex.org/W1972976514","https://openalex.org/W1987673866","https://openalex.org/W1991200106","https://openalex.org/W1993419400","https://openalex.org/W1994754308","https://openalex.org/W1995419365","https://openalex.org/W1997000448","https://openalex.org/W2004750615","https://openalex.org/W2006415937","https://openalex.org/W2007471641","https://openalex.org/W2007768545","https://openalex.org/W2011735089","https://openalex.org/W2012292412","https://openalex.org/W2013710727","https://openalex.org/W2016838744","https://openalex.org/W2018941359","https://openalex.org/W2020074110","https://openalex.org/W2023022618","https://openalex.org/W2023075417","https://openalex.org/W2025609847","https://openalex.org/W2025787366","https://openalex.org/W2026335484","https://openalex.org/W2026544614","https://openalex.org/W2033328000","https://openalex.org/W2034107754","https://openalex.org/W2035511498","https://openalex.org/W2036038089","https://openalex.org/W2044021754","https://openalex.org/W2047151780","https://openalex.org/W2047788091","https://openalex.org/W2050903007","https://openalex.org/W2053324187","https://openalex.org/W2053478767","https://openalex.org/W2061126793","https://openalex.org/W2066559135","https://openalex.org/W2067481070","https://openalex.org/W2072362806","https://openalex.org/W2073494766","https://openalex.org/W2080433849","https://openalex.org/W2081534679","https://openalex.org/W2082112184","https://openalex.org/W2082212220","https://openalex.org/W2090257580","https://openalex.org/W2097318026","https://openalex.org/W2102593601","https://openalex.org/W2121541670","https://openalex.org/W2124568981","https://openalex.org/W2129199822","https://openalex.org/W2129707217","https://openalex.org/W2134044532","https://openalex.org/W2137969735","https://openalex.org/W2139139682","https://openalex.org/W2153492859","https://openalex.org/W2154126333","https://openalex.org/W2167226628","https://openalex.org/W2169929760","https://openalex.org/W2286101881","https://openalex.org/W2297596722","https://openalex.org/W2548427176","https://openalex.org/W2554741335","https://openalex.org/W2573593952","https://openalex.org/W2613487232","https://openalex.org/W2735582866","https://openalex.org/W2766742869","https://openalex.org/W2782047799","https://openalex.org/W2790716466","https://openalex.org/W2800800311","https://openalex.org/W2893589379","https://openalex.org/W2899523229","https://openalex.org/W2906646122","https://openalex.org/W2918085793","https://openalex.org/W2949474435","https://openalex.org/W2951968385","https://openalex.org/W2983058194","https://openalex.org/W3015052736","https://openalex.org/W3023144067","https://openalex.org/W3028896720","https://openalex.org/W3039511418","https://openalex.org/W3049237929","https://openalex.org/W3082340784","https://openalex.org/W3093570131","https://openalex.org/W3108230944","https://openalex.org/W7017750204"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2129199822","https://openalex.org/W7016090262","https://openalex.org/W2134044532","https://openalex.org/W2139139682","https://openalex.org/W2072362806","https://openalex.org/W915868763","https://openalex.org/W2050903007","https://openalex.org/W2034107754","https://openalex.org/W2025609847","https://openalex.org/W2548427176"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"review":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,17,80,129,148,152,167,183],"capability":[4],"of":[5,28,101,104,154,156,169,185],"analytical":[6,186],"pyrolysis-based":[7],"techniques":[8],"to":[9,56,65,166,181],"provide":[10],"data":[11],"on":[12,16],"lignin":[13,22,50,60,87],"composition":[14],"and":[15,40,42,58,108,118,123,151,161],"chemical":[18,91,106,149],"alteration":[19],"undergone":[20],"by":[21,175],"in":[23,48,72,139,188],"archaeological":[24,49,70,172,197],"wooden":[25],"objects.":[26],"Applications":[27],"Direct":[29],"Exposure":[30],"Mass":[31,37],"Spectrometry":[32,38,46],"(DE-MS),":[33],"Evolved":[34],"Gas":[35],"Analysis":[36],"(EGA-MS),":[39],"single":[41],"double-shot":[43],"Pyrolysis-Gas":[44],"Chromatography/Mass":[45],"(Py-GC/MS)":[47],"characterisation":[51],"are":[52,79,179],"described.":[53],"With":[54],"comparison":[55],"cellulose":[57],"hemicelluloses,":[59],"is":[61,98,111],"generally":[62],"less":[63],"prone":[64],"most":[66,81],"degradation":[67,109],"processes":[68],"affecting":[69],"artefacts":[71,173],"burial":[73],"environments,":[74],"especially":[75,158],"waterlogged":[76,96,198],"ones,":[77],"which":[78,125],"favourable":[82],"for":[83,113,119],"wood":[84,94,170],"preservation.":[85],"Nevertheless,":[86],"also":[88],"undergoes":[89],"significant":[90],"changes.":[92],"As":[93],"from":[95,171],"environments":[97],"mainly":[99],"composed":[100],"lignin,":[102,157],"knowledge":[103],"its":[105],"structure":[107],"pathways":[110],"fundamental":[112],"choosing":[114],"preventive":[115],"conservation":[116,177],"conditions":[117],"optimising":[120],"consolidation":[121],"methods":[122],"materials,":[124],"directly":[126],"interact":[127],"with":[128,135],"residual":[130],"lignin.":[131],"Analytical":[132],"pyrolysis":[133,187],"coupled":[134],"mass":[136],"spectrometry,":[137],"used":[138],"several":[140],"complementary":[141],"operational":[142],"modes,":[143],"can":[144,192],"gather":[145],"information":[146],"regarding":[147],"modifications":[150],"state":[153],"preservation":[155],"concerning":[159],"oxidation":[160],"depolymerisation":[162],"phenomena.":[163],"Several":[164],"applications":[165],"analysis":[168],"affected":[174],"different":[176],"problems":[178],"presented":[180],"showcase":[182],"potential":[184],"various":[189],"scenarios":[190],"that":[191],"be":[193],"encountered":[194],"when":[195],"investigating":[196],"wood.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-07T09:51:55.459714","created_date":"2021-01-05T00:00:00"}
