{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3114065475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29300/madania.v24i2.3778","title":"Ulama and Umara in Government of Indonesia: A Review Relations of Religion and State","display_name":"Ulama and Umara in Government of Indonesia: A Review Relations of Religion and State","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3114065475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29300/madania.v24i2.3778","mag":"3114065475"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.29300/madania.v24i2.3778","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29300/madania.v24i2.3778","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29300/madania.v24i2.3778","pdf_url":"https://ejournal.iainbengkulu.ac.id/index.php/madania/article/download/3778/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169326","display_name":"MADANIA JURNAL KAJIAN KEISLAMAN","issn_l":"1410-8143","issn":["1410-8143","2502-1826"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315004","host_organization_name":"IAIN Bengkulu","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315004"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IAIN Bengkulu"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Madania: Jurnal Kajian Keislaman","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ejournal.iainbengkulu.ac.id/index.php/madania/article/download/3778/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001743875","display_name":"Doli Witro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3332-2252","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3332-2252"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107902","display_name":"Sunan Gunung Djati State Islamic University Bandung","ror":"https://ror.org/01j33fx63","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107902"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Doli Witro","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Islamic University (UIN) Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3332-2252","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Islamic University (UIN) Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107902"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001743875"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107902"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":37.5922,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99716477,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"2","first_page":"135","last_page":"135"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13336","display_name":"Religious Freedom and Discrimination","score":0.448199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13336","display_name":"Religious Freedom and Discrimination","score":0.448199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11256","display_name":"Asian Studies and History","score":0.16060000658035278,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14110","display_name":"Islamic Studies and Radicalism","score":0.10689999908208847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muslim-scholars","display_name":"Islamic scholars","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/church-state-relations","display_name":"church-state relations","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islamic-state","display_name":"Islamic State","score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secularism","display_name":"secularism","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islamic-law","display_name":"Islamic law","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-freedom","display_name":"religious freedom","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indonesian-government","display_name":"Indonesian government","score":0.48500001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-authority","display_name":"religious authority","score":0.3330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indonesia","display_name":"Indonesia","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islamic-political-thought","display_name":"Islamic political thought","score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-knowledge","display_name":"religious knowledge","score":0.30399999022483826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4445939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432","display_name":"Islam","level":2,"score":0.7810187339782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6522500514984131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779207338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9240","display_name":"Indonesian","level":2,"score":0.6306700110435486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6075906157493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.5971956849098206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5587636828422546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.514372706413269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168702047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q482752","display_name":"Sharia","level":3,"score":0.5086668133735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4695972204208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994026549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q672729","display_name":"Islamic republic","level":3,"score":0.4615151584148407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4398805797100067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132751094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859563","display_name":"Secular state","level":3,"score":0.43956127762794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775854416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171899","display_name":"Freedom of religion","level":3,"score":0.4302099943161011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4079565405845642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.20876291394233704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.16503697633743286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169437150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8458","display_name":"Human rights","level":2,"score":0.14625301957130432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.11931249499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09477460384368896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.07854032516479492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.29300/madania.v24i2.3778","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29300/madania.v24i2.3778","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29300/madania.v24i2.3778","pdf_url":"https://ejournal.iainbengkulu.ac.id/index.php/madania/article/download/3778/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169326","display_name":"MADANIA JURNAL KAJIAN KEISLAMAN","issn_l":"1410-8143","issn":["1410-8143","2502-1826"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315004","host_organization_name":"IAIN Bengkulu","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315004"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IAIN Bengkulu"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Madania: Jurnal Kajian Keislaman","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.29300/madania.v24i2.3778","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29300/madania.v24i2.3778","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29300/madania.v24i2.3778","pdf_url":"https://ejournal.iainbengkulu.ac.id/index.php/madania/article/download/3778/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169326","display_name":"MADANIA JURNAL KAJIAN KEISLAMAN","issn_l":"1410-8143","issn":["1410-8143","2502-1826"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315004","host_organization_name":"IAIN Bengkulu","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315004"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IAIN Bengkulu"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Madania: Jurnal Kajian Keislaman","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3114065475.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3114065475.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W613395776","https://openalex.org/W624186027","https://openalex.org/W635770906","https://openalex.org/W1524962509","https://openalex.org/W1540996372","https://openalex.org/W2004184632","https://openalex.org/W2060148179","https://openalex.org/W2064549151","https://openalex.org/W2346104523","https://openalex.org/W2553982920","https://openalex.org/W2564512957","https://openalex.org/W2581832433","https://openalex.org/W2596549747","https://openalex.org/W2599406905","https://openalex.org/W2606718004","https://openalex.org/W2726241663","https://openalex.org/W2739491545","https://openalex.org/W2781708634","https://openalex.org/W2914653118","https://openalex.org/W2950779130","https://openalex.org/W3013299754","https://openalex.org/W3092634150","https://openalex.org/W3189126364","https://openalex.org/W4246749779","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4310984245","https://openalex.org/W6731139482","https://openalex.org/W6889920805"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7215034132","https://openalex.org/W4390725183","https://openalex.org/W4386687525","https://openalex.org/W4388838275","https://openalex.org/W4390638178","https://openalex.org/W3014453469","https://openalex.org/W4391858314","https://openalex.org/W2774431820","https://openalex.org/W4293730020","https://openalex.org/W7167239413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Indonesia":[0,12,180,261,289,359,410,429],"is":[1,25,42,93,182,195,205,228],"well-known":[2],"as":[3,13,189],"a":[4,33,142,183,207,234],"Muslim":[5],"majority.":[6],"However,":[7,193],"this":[8,40,85,151,163],"does":[9],"not":[10,196,217],"make":[11],"an":[14],"Islamic":[15,210],"country.":[16],"The":[17,35,148,172],"relationship":[18,114],"between":[19,115,185],"religion":[20,116,186,244],"and":[21,28,59,69,100,104,117,128,170,187,213,225],"state":[22,118,188,214,231],"in":[23,39,52,95,106,119,134,150,162,179,200,236],"Islam":[24,270],"fairly":[26],"interpretive":[27],"it":[29,194],"nowadays":[30],"still":[31],"becomes":[32],"debate.":[34],"government":[36],"system":[37,203],"applied":[38],"country":[41],"democratic.":[43],"Besides,":[44],"there":[45,181,204],"has":[46],"to":[47,73,76,111,145,219],"freedom":[48],"for":[49],"the":[50,74,87,90,97,113,123,126,129,132,175,190,230,250],"ulama":[51,64,127,224,304,316,363,445,453],"preaching":[53],"without":[54,239,242],"being":[55,67],"limited":[56],"by":[57,121],"space":[58],"time.":[60],"A":[61],"number":[62],"of":[63,89,125,131,136,174,209],"are":[65,216,223],"currently":[66],"persecuted":[68],"intimidated":[70],"that":[71,178],"impacts":[72],"lecture":[75],"be":[77,220,246],"either":[78],"stopped,":[79],"postponed,":[80],"or":[81],"even":[82],"canceled.":[83],"At":[84],"part,":[86],"role":[88,130],"umara":[91,133,334,366,447,463],"(government)":[92],"required":[94],"enforcing":[96],"applicable":[98],"law":[99],"also":[101,206],"maintaining":[102],"security":[103],"order":[105],"society.":[107],"This":[108,139],"paper":[109,140],"aims":[110],"highlight":[112],"Indonesian":[120,137],"observing":[122],"position":[124],"terms":[135],"government.":[138],"used":[141,161],"qualitative":[143],"approach":[144],"literature":[146],"research.":[147],"data":[149,166,168,392,402],"study":[152,164],"was":[153],"obtained":[154],"from":[155],"library":[156],"materials.":[157],"Data":[158],"analysis":[159,176],"methods":[160],"were":[165],"reduction,":[167],"presentation,":[169],"conclusion.":[171],"results":[173],"showed":[177],"separation":[184],"secularistic":[191,198],"paradigm.":[192],"completely":[197],"because":[199,229],"national":[201],"legal":[202],"transformation":[208],"law.":[211],"Religious":[212],"affairs":[215],"able":[218],"separated,":[221],"so":[222],"umara.":[226],"It":[227],"will":[232],"experience":[233],"crisis":[235],"religious":[237],"knowledge":[238],"ulama.":[240],"Otherwise,":[241],"umara,":[243],"cannot":[245],"implemented":[247],"correctly":[248],"within":[249],"country.Indonesia":[251],"merupakan":[252],"negara":[253,263,268,356,416,438,455],"yang":[254,286,317,323,339,376,387,393],"berpenduduk":[255],"mayoritas":[256],"Islam.":[257,264,434],"Namun":[258],"bukan":[259],"berarti":[260],"adalah":[262,292],"Hubungan":[265],"agama":[266,354,414,436,460,465],"dan":[267,311,319,341,355,364,403,415,437,446,461],"dalam":[269,305,336,357,367,381,395,471],"cukup":[271],"banyak":[272],"penafsiran.":[273],"Dalam":[274],"Islam,":[275],"hal":[276],"ini":[277,291,350,371,383,397],"masih":[278],"menjadi":[279],"perdebatan":[280],"sampai":[281],"saat":[282,290],"ini.":[283],"Sistem":[284],"pemerintahan":[285,368],"diterapkan":[287,468],"di":[288,347,409],"sistem":[293,297],"demokrasi.":[294],"Terlepas":[295],"dari":[296,385],"tersebut,":[298],"tentu":[299],"harus":[300],"memberikan":[301],"kebebasan":[302],"para":[303],"berdakwah":[306],"tanpa":[307,452,462],"dibatasi":[308],"oleh":[309],"ruang":[310],"waktu.":[312],"Saat":[313],"ini,":[314],"ada":[315],"dipersekusi":[318],"diintimidasi":[320],"sehingga":[321],"ceramah":[322],"hendak":[324],"dilaksanakan":[325],"terpaksa":[326],"dihentikan,":[327],"ditunda,":[328],"bahkan":[329],"dibatalkan.":[330],"Disinilah":[331],"diperlukan":[332],"peran":[333,365],"(pemerintah)":[335],"menegakkan":[337],"hukum":[338,427,433],"berlaku":[340],"juga":[342,430,443],"menjaga":[343],"keamanan":[344],"serta":[345],"ketertiban":[346],"masyarakat.":[348],"Tulisan":[349,370],"bertujuan":[351],"menyoroti":[352],"relasi":[353],"konteks":[358],"dengan":[360,444],"melihat":[361],"kedudukan":[362],"Indonesia.":[369],"menggunakan":[372],"metode":[373],"pendekatan":[374],"kualitatif":[375],"bersifat":[377,388],"penelitian":[378,382,396],"pustaka.":[379],"Data-data":[380],"diperoleh":[384],"bahan-bahan":[386],"pustaka":[389],"Metode":[390],"analisis":[391,407],"digunakan":[394],"yaitu":[398],"reduksi":[399],"data,":[400],"penyajian":[401],"penarikan":[404],"kesimpulan.":[405],"Hasil":[406],"menunjukkan":[408],"terjadi":[411,431],"pemisahan":[412],"antara":[413],"sebagaimana":[417],"paradigma":[418],"sekuleristik.":[419],"Tetapi":[420],"disini":[421],"tidak":[422,439,448,466],"sepenuhnya":[423],"sekularistik":[424],"karena":[425,451],"pada":[426],"nasional":[428],"transformasi":[432],"Urusan":[435],"dapat":[440,449],"dipisahkan.":[441],"Begitu":[442],"dipisahkan":[450],"maka":[454,464],"akan":[456],"mengalami":[457],"krisis":[458],"ilmu":[459],"bisa":[467],"secara":[469],"sempurna":[470],"suatu":[472],"negara.":[473]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2021-01-05T00:00:00"}
