{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3110550372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0001037","title":"Associations of depression and diabetes distress with self-management behavior and glycemic control.","display_name":"Associations of depression and diabetes distress with self-management behavior and glycemic control.","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3110550372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0001037","mag":"3110550372","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33252963"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1037/hea0001037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0001037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0001037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34137071","display_name":"Health Psychology","issn_l":"0278-6133","issn":["0278-6133","1930-7810"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079878576","display_name":"ANDREAS J. SCHMITT","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5913-1457","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5913-1457"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799782323","display_name":"German Diabetes Center Mergentheim","ror":"https://ror.org/024465936","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799782323"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104467","display_name":"Forschungsinstitut der Diabetes Akademie Mergentheim","ror":"https://ror.org/01d14z762","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104467"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Schmitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of the Diabetes Academy Mergentheim, Diabetes Center Mergentheim"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5913-1457","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of the Diabetes Academy Mergentheim, Diabetes Center Mergentheim","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799782323","https://openalex.org/I4210104467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036203240","display_name":"Eileen Bendig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6727-1751","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6727-1751"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eileen Bendig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6727-1751","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030568071","display_name":"Harald Baumeister","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2040-661X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2040-661X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harald Baumeister","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2040-661X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079879204","display_name":"Norbert Hermanns","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2903-2677","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2903-2677"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799782323","display_name":"German Diabetes Center Mergentheim","ror":"https://ror.org/024465936","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799782323"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104467","display_name":"Forschungsinstitut der Diabetes Akademie Mergentheim","ror":"https://ror.org/01d14z762","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104467"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norbert Hermanns","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of the Diabetes Academy Mergentheim, Diabetes Center Mergentheim"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2903-2677","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of the Diabetes Academy Mergentheim, Diabetes Center Mergentheim","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799782323","https://openalex.org/I4210104467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070817583","display_name":"Bernhard Kulzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9120-4479","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9120-4479"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799782323","display_name":"German Diabetes Center Mergentheim","ror":"https://ror.org/024465936","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799782323"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104467","display_name":"Forschungsinstitut der Diabetes Akademie Mergentheim","ror":"https://ror.org/01d14z762","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104467"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernhard Kulzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of the Diabetes Academy Mergentheim, Diabetes Center Mergentheim"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9120-4479","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of the Diabetes Academy Mergentheim, Diabetes Center Mergentheim","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799782323","https://openalex.org/I4210104467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4373,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":124,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97731832,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"2","first_page":"113","last_page":"124"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10793","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Education","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10793","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Education","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-distress","display_name":"diabetes distress","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-self-management","display_name":"diabetes self-management","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycemic-control","display_name":"glycemic control","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hba1c","display_name":"HbA1c","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-1-diabetes","display_name":"type 1 diabetes","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depressive-symptoms","display_name":"depressive symptoms","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychosocial-factors-in-diabetes","display_name":"psychosocial factors in diabetes","score":0.6269999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780473172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5572518","display_name":"Glycemic","level":3,"score":0.8316925764083862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139265228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283089","display_name":"Distress","level":2,"score":0.6669038534164429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.6349711418151855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6047582030296326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5034293532371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32362775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1405524","display_name":"Self-control","level":2,"score":0.49343791604042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4873698353767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.45875099301338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779549880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5542226","display_name":"PsycINFO","level":3,"score":0.4337811768054962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776933761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117674","display_name":"Self-management","level":2,"score":0.42165160179138184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.3422805964946747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2538827061653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.2394719421863556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.11756816506385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000073278","descriptor_name":"Self-Management","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000085002","descriptor_name":"Glycemic Control","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003863","descriptor_name":"Depression","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057566","descriptor_name":"Self Report","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1037/hea0001037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0001037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0001037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34137071","display_name":"Health Psychology","issn_l":"0278-6133","issn":["0278-6133","1930-7810"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33252963","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33252963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1218273260","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82DZD01101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F5720118025","funder_display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Diabetesforschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3239339711","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"375.10.15","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312328","funder_display_name":"Diabetes-Stiftung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312328","display_name":"Diabetes-Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/02s0rxx79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F5720118025","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Diabetesforschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04qq88z54"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4407001063","https://openalex.org/W2870260958","https://openalex.org/W2597848021","https://openalex.org/W4283073322","https://openalex.org/W2027210243","https://openalex.org/W2561259576","https://openalex.org/W2051518882","https://openalex.org/W2165573341","https://openalex.org/W2529587815","https://openalex.org/W2289359061"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"analyze":[2,60],"the":[3,61,175,221,230],"independent":[4,62],"associations":[5,64,116,194],"of":[6,41,236],"depression":[7,42,178,215],"and":[8,13,20,50,81,93,99,109,141,216,238],"diabetes":[9,23,44,82,184,199,217],"distress":[10,45,83,202,218],"with":[11,30,73,86,102,117,124,134,144,158,167,174,206,213],"self-management":[12,47,88,136],"glycemic":[14,51,191,208],"outcome":[15,52],"in":[16,35],"Type":[17,21],"I":[18],"(T1DM)":[19],"2":[22],"(T2DM).":[24],"METHOD:":[25],"Six":[26],"hundred":[27],"six":[28],"people":[29,212],"T1DM":[31,74],"or":[32],"T2DM":[33,125],"participated":[34],"a":[36],"cross-sectional":[37,231],"survey":[38],"including":[39],"measures":[40],"(PHQ-9),":[43],"(PAID-5),":[46],"behavior":[48],"(DSMQ),":[49],"(HbA1c).":[53],"Structural":[54],"equation":[55],"modeling":[56],"was":[57,155,203],"performed":[58],"to":[59,181,188,249],"linear":[63],"(standardized":[65],"coefficients)":[66],"between":[67],"these":[68,251],"variables.":[69],"RESULTS:":[70],"In":[71,122],"those":[72,123],"(n":[75,126],"=":[76,96,112,127,163],"339),":[77],"both":[78,214],"depressive":[79,130],"symptoms":[80,131],"were":[84,119,132,195],"associated":[85,133,157,205],"lower":[87,135],"(-0.34,":[89],"p":[90,95,106,111,138,148,162],"<":[91,107,139,149],".001,":[92,108],"-0.16,":[94],".007,":[97],"respectively)":[98],"thereover":[100],"(indirectly)":[101,143],"higher":[103,145,159,207],"HbA1c":[104,118,146,160],"(0.20,":[105,161],"0.10,":[110],".016,":[113],"respectively);":[114],"direct":[115],"not":[120,166],"observed.":[121],"267),":[128],"only":[129],"(-0.41,":[137],".001)":[140],"thus":[142,186],"(0.17,":[147],".001).":[150],"Diabetes":[151,201],"distress,":[152],"by":[153,229],"contrast,":[154],"directly":[156],".003)":[164],"but":[165],"self-management.":[168],"CONCLUSIONS:":[169],"The":[170,193,225],"results":[171],"are":[172,227],"consistent":[173,197],"hypothesis":[176],"that":[177,211],"is":[179,247],"linked":[180],"less":[182,189],"optimal":[183,190,223],"self-management,":[185],"leading":[187],"outcome.":[192,224],"relatively":[196],"across":[198],"types.":[200],"additionally":[204],"levels,":[209],"suggesting":[210],"might":[219],"have":[220],"least":[222],"conclusions":[226],"limited":[228],"study":[232],"design,":[233],"self-report":[234],"assessment":[235],"behavior,":[237],"potential":[239],"bias":[240],"arising":[241],"from":[242],"questionnaire":[243],"measures.":[244],"Further":[245],"research":[246],"needed":[248],"support":[250],"findings.":[252],"(PsycInfo":[253],"Database":[254],"Record":[255],"(c)":[256],"2021":[257],"APA,":[258],"all":[259],"rights":[260],"reserved).":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-12-07T00:00:00"}
