{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3106540173","doi":null,"title":"Adverse Childhood Experiences and Cigarette Smoking: Demographic Moderators","display_name":"Adverse Childhood Experiences and Cigarette Smoking: Demographic Moderators","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3106540173","mag":"3106540173"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsrepository.llu.edu:etd-2083","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/1021","pdf_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2083&context=etd","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196700","display_name":"The Scholars Repository - LLU (Loma Linda University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26347476","host_organization_name":"Loma Linda University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26347476"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2083&context=etd","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081834073","display_name":"Taylor M. Cosanella","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Taylor Cosanella","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081834073"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10426","display_name":"Child Abuse and Trauma","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-childhood-experiences","display_name":"adverse childhood experiences","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cigarette-smoking","display_name":"cigarette smoking","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demographic-moderators","display_name":"demographic moderators","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"socioeconomic status","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-and-ethnic-differences","display_name":"racial and ethnic differences","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-response-relationship","display_name":"dose-response relationship","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/california-adults","display_name":"California adults","score":0.5040000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908744105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105821669","display_name":"Adverse Childhood Experiences","level":3,"score":0.6462225914001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5177866220474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.47686347365379333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3843652307987213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.37680697441101074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.20035207271575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.11987730860710144}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsrepository.llu.edu:etd-2083","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/1021","pdf_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2083&context=etd","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196700","display_name":"The Scholars Repository - LLU (Loma Linda University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26347476","host_organization_name":"Loma Linda University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26347476"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3106540173","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/1021/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsrepository.llu.edu:etd-2083","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/1021","pdf_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2083&context=etd","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196700","display_name":"The Scholars Repository - LLU (Loma Linda University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26347476","host_organization_name":"Loma Linda University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26347476"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9922999739646912},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7578999996185303}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3106540173.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3106540173.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":98,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W188775832","https://openalex.org/W818170836","https://openalex.org/W1594863478","https://openalex.org/W1953075825","https://openalex.org/W1968603615","https://openalex.org/W1969456868","https://openalex.org/W1977389412","https://openalex.org/W1980076481","https://openalex.org/W1980603771","https://openalex.org/W1987059606","https://openalex.org/W1988930537","https://openalex.org/W1991890628","https://openalex.org/W1999690236","https://openalex.org/W2000265637","https://openalex.org/W2003969360","https://openalex.org/W2005715595","https://openalex.org/W2006340352","https://openalex.org/W2008165408","https://openalex.org/W2018173634","https://openalex.org/W2021670289","https://openalex.org/W2021827755","https://openalex.org/W2024851777","https://openalex.org/W2025284720","https://openalex.org/W2026794976","https://openalex.org/W2029507855","https://openalex.org/W2031592879","https://openalex.org/W2032169520","https://openalex.org/W2034221063","https://openalex.org/W2034257987","https://openalex.org/W2035134329","https://openalex.org/W2047450325","https://openalex.org/W2047581632","https://openalex.org/W2048770403","https://openalex.org/W2049177416","https://openalex.org/W2050516961","https://openalex.org/W2053565519","https://openalex.org/W2055734609","https://openalex.org/W2057743790","https://openalex.org/W2061141487","https://openalex.org/W2062989629","https://openalex.org/W2063744817","https://openalex.org/W2071242242","https://openalex.org/W2071575725","https://openalex.org/W2078347211","https://openalex.org/W2081342450","https://openalex.org/W2083310951","https://openalex.org/W2087812194","https://openalex.org/W2088199846","https://openalex.org/W2090854968","https://openalex.org/W2090937103","https://openalex.org/W2102850841","https://openalex.org/W2104740874","https://openalex.org/W2106961296","https://openalex.org/W2107497907","https://openalex.org/W2109242781","https://openalex.org/W2111446591","https://openalex.org/W2112837691","https://openalex.org/W2115123524","https://openalex.org/W2115260651","https://openalex.org/W2116839388","https://openalex.org/W2129303195","https://openalex.org/W2129814907","https://openalex.org/W2143123443","https://openalex.org/W2143863322","https://openalex.org/W2147732539","https://openalex.org/W2151269283","https://openalex.org/W2152086284","https://openalex.org/W2155088814","https://openalex.org/W2155708050","https://openalex.org/W2156303855","https://openalex.org/W2157344881","https://openalex.org/W2159353999","https://openalex.org/W2163311833","https://openalex.org/W2164225975","https://openalex.org/W2165810630","https://openalex.org/W2166372248","https://openalex.org/W2167180842","https://openalex.org/W2168426190","https://openalex.org/W2168789908","https://openalex.org/W2169663487","https://openalex.org/W2194583865","https://openalex.org/W2195590642","https://openalex.org/W2199245034","https://openalex.org/W2204154887","https://openalex.org/W2233097761","https://openalex.org/W2277446668","https://openalex.org/W2299245232","https://openalex.org/W2310828130","https://openalex.org/W2312701498","https://openalex.org/W2339823542","https://openalex.org/W2359833645","https://openalex.org/W2462106329","https://openalex.org/W2483341270","https://openalex.org/W2500753613","https://openalex.org/W2504320746","https://openalex.org/W2516159791","https://openalex.org/W2765892496","https://openalex.org/W4213460776"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963612189","https://openalex.org/W2021670289","https://openalex.org/W2159353999","https://openalex.org/W3000741517","https://openalex.org/W1996855665","https://openalex.org/W161137182","https://openalex.org/W2137969657","https://openalex.org/W6943570436","https://openalex.org/W1991890628","https://openalex.org/W2111446591"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Research":[0],"suggests":[1],"that":[2,15,192],"there":[3],"is":[4,26],"a":[5],"dose-response":[6],"relationship":[7,49,132,194],"between":[8,50,133,169,195],"ACE":[9,17,134,170],"score":[10,18,135,171],"and":[11,55,104,107,126,136,141,145,156,158,172,197,222,237,246],"cigarette":[12,56],"smoking,":[13],"such":[14],"as":[16,45,128],"increases,":[19],"so":[20],"does":[21,202],"smoking":[22,149,180,188,198,216],"behavior,":[23],"but":[24],"little":[25],"known":[27],"about":[28],"what":[29],"factors":[30],"moderate":[31],"this":[32,38],"relationship.":[33],"Therefore,":[34],"the":[35,65,131,193,227],"goal":[36],"of":[37,48,130,165,229],"study":[39],"was":[40,62],"to":[41,120,215,225,240],"examine":[42],"demographic":[43,207],"characteristics":[44],"potential":[46],"moderators":[47,129],"Adverse":[51],"Childhood":[52],"Experiences":[53],"(ACEs)":[54],"smoking.":[57,137,166],"A":[58],"secondary":[59],"data":[60],"analysis":[61],"conducted":[63],"using":[64,233],"2013":[66],"California":[67],"Behavioral":[68],"Risk":[69],"Factor":[70],"Surveillance":[71],"System":[72],"data.":[73],"The":[74],"sample":[75],"included":[76],"2,604":[77],"U.S.":[78],"adults":[79],"(54.8%":[80],"female;":[81],"Age:":[82],"M":[83],"=":[84,87],"53.3,":[85],"SD":[86],"8.10;":[88],"83.6%;":[89],"Caucasian,":[90],"6.4%":[91],"Asian,":[92],"5.9%":[93],"Black":[94],"or":[95,101,111,176],"African":[96],"American,":[97],"3.1%":[98],"American":[99],"Indian":[100],"Alaska":[102],"Native,":[103],"0.6%":[105],"other,":[106],"0.2%":[108],"Native":[109],"Hawaiian":[110],"other":[112],"Pacific":[113],"Islander).":[114],"We":[115],"used":[116],"multinomial":[117],"logistic":[118],"regression":[119],"test":[121],"sex,":[122,173],"race,":[123,139,174],"socioeconomic":[124],"status,":[125],"education":[127],"Sex,":[138],"education,":[140,157,175],"income":[142,155,177],"were":[143,183],"significantly":[144,178,185],"independently":[146],"associated":[147,186],"with":[148,153,187],"outcomes.":[150,181],"Men,":[151],"individuals":[152],"lower":[154],"certain":[159],"ethnic/racial":[160],"groups":[161],"reported":[162],"greater":[163],"odds":[164],"No":[167],"interactions":[168],"predicted":[179],"ACEs":[182,196],"not":[184,203],"behavior.":[189],"Results":[190],"suggest":[191],"later":[199],"in":[200],"life":[201],"depend":[204],"on":[205],"basic":[206],"features.":[208],"Knowing":[209],"which":[210],"populations":[211],"are":[212],"more":[213],"vulnerable":[214],"can":[217],"help":[218,241],"clinicians":[219],"better":[220],"assess":[221],"tailor":[223],"interventions":[224,236],"meet":[226],"needs":[228],"their":[230],"patients":[231],"by":[232],"culturally":[234],"sensitive":[235],"obtaining":[238],"resources":[239],"improve":[242],"treatment":[243],"access,":[244],"motivation,":[245],"success.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}