{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3103390080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/cci.20.00101","title":"Application of Artificial Intelligence Methods to Pharmacy Data for Cancer Surveillance and Epidemiology Research: A Systematic Review","display_name":"Application of Artificial Intelligence Methods to Pharmacy Data for Cancer Surveillance and Epidemiology Research: A Systematic Review","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3103390080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/cci.20.00101","mag":"3103390080","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33197205","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7846043"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1200/cci.20.00101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/cci.20.00101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/cci.20.00101","pdf_url":"https://ascopubs.org/doi/pdfdirect/10.1200/CCI.20.00101","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181501","display_name":"JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics","issn_l":"2473-4276","issn":["2473-4276"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ascopubs.org/doi/pdfdirect/10.1200/CCI.20.00101","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029222577","display_name":"Andrew Grothen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0949-2983","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0949-2983"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrew E. Grothen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0949-2983","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018569784","display_name":"Bethany Tennant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8956-1434","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8956-1434"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bethany Tennant","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICF Next, Fairfax, VA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8956-1434","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICF Next, Fairfax, VA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055044365","display_name":"Catherine Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3522-8430","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3522-8430"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3522-8430","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083964463","display_name":"Andrea D. Torres","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-6117","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-6117"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Torres","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICF Next, Fairfax, VA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICF Next, Fairfax, VA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091847367","display_name":"Bonny Bloodgood Sheppard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bonny Bloodgood Sheppard","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICF Next, Fairfax, VA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICF Next, Fairfax, VA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027396607","display_name":"Glenn Abastillas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333523220","display_name":"Westat (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00wt7xg39","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333523220"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Glenn Abastillas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Westat, Rockville, MD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Westat, Rockville, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333523220"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089557243","display_name":"Marina Matatova","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marina Matatova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044194506","display_name":"Jeremy Lyle Warner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2851-7242","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2851-7242"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy L. Warner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2851-7242","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065027113","display_name":"Donna R. R Rivera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4565-4556","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4565-4556"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donna R. Rivera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4565-4556","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029222577"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0682,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24561404,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"4","first_page":"1051","last_page":"1058"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.2937000095844269,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.2937000095844269,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14400","display_name":"Medical Coding and Health Information","score":0.188400000333786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.16369999945163727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"artificial intelligence","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacy-data","display_name":"pharmacy data","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-surveillance","display_name":"cancer surveillance","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-epidemiology","display_name":"cancer epidemiology","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-health-records","display_name":"electronic health records","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"natural language processing","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"machine learning","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacy-informatics","display_name":"pharmacy informatics","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medication-use","display_name":"medication use","score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reporting-transparency","display_name":"reporting transparency","score":0.5730000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104863432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614304","display_name":"Pharmacy","level":2,"score":0.5911586284637451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5857064127922058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191630685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027615","display_name":"Informatics","level":2,"score":0.5530086159706116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5124781131744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.4909348785877228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4774130582809448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4394104480743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.41592341661453247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.4118371903896332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9357733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6878417","display_name":"Missing data","level":2,"score":0.41170066595077515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3814693093299866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3279867172241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2581188678741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.18534395098686218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.14960706233978271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.12219575047492981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010604","descriptor_name":"Pharmacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1200/cci.20.00101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/cci.20.00101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/cci.20.00101","pdf_url":"https://ascopubs.org/doi/pdfdirect/10.1200/CCI.20.00101","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181501","display_name":"JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics","issn_l":"2473-4276","issn":["2473-4276"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7846043","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7846043","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JCO Clin Cancer Inform","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:33197205","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33197205","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JCO clinical cancer informatics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1200/cci.20.00101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/cci.20.00101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/cci.20.00101","pdf_url":"https://ascopubs.org/doi/pdfdirect/10.1200/CCI.20.00101","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181501","display_name":"JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics","issn_l":"2473-4276","issn":["2473-4276"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3103390080.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3103390080.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W162501963","https://openalex.org/W1484306968","https://openalex.org/W1505191356","https://openalex.org/W1631854902","https://openalex.org/W1636779043","https://openalex.org/W1981625829","https://openalex.org/W2005643613","https://openalex.org/W2075055098","https://openalex.org/W2156098321","https://openalex.org/W2338526423","https://openalex.org/W2438581107","https://openalex.org/W2463325516","https://openalex.org/W2483497332","https://openalex.org/W2530755795","https://openalex.org/W2579522812","https://openalex.org/W2789970635","https://openalex.org/W2801648346","https://openalex.org/W2884775595","https://openalex.org/W2887039457","https://openalex.org/W2897120700","https://openalex.org/W2897464289","https://openalex.org/W2899057363","https://openalex.org/W2905810301","https://openalex.org/W2932985000","https://openalex.org/W2936573766","https://openalex.org/W2944729956","https://openalex.org/W2945270037","https://openalex.org/W2947903144","https://openalex.org/W2949495270","https://openalex.org/W2952495494","https://openalex.org/W2955483668","https://openalex.org/W2966351171","https://openalex.org/W2967056613","https://openalex.org/W2988716771","https://openalex.org/W2996541402","https://openalex.org/W3017325763","https://openalex.org/W4205333908"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3043451033","https://openalex.org/W4285727974","https://openalex.org/W7165139668","https://openalex.org/W3120214992","https://openalex.org/W4313367689","https://openalex.org/W4403686252","https://openalex.org/W7161734490","https://openalex.org/W3025212552","https://openalex.org/W7213352548","https://openalex.org/W4396687651"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"The":[1,111],"implementation":[2],"and":[3,14,37,94,98,107,142,166,170,186,196,214,236],"utilization":[4],"of":[5,16,48,52,63,179,216,232,238,248],"electronic":[6],"health":[7],"records":[8],"is":[9,66,190,207,221,225],"generating":[10],"a":[11,226],"large":[12,50],"volume":[13],"variety":[15],"data,":[17,53],"which":[18,116],"are":[19,46,198],"difficult":[20],"to":[21,77,244],"process":[22],"using":[23],"traditional":[24],"techniques.":[25],"However,":[26,192],"these":[27,249],"data":[28,43,140,181,194,234,243],"could":[29],"help":[30],"answer":[31],"important":[32],"questions":[33],"in":[34,60],"cancer":[35,187],"surveillance":[36],"epidemiology":[38,188],"research.":[39],"Artificial":[40],"intelligence":[41],"(AI)":[42],"processing":[44,164],"methods":[45,152,182,240],"capable":[47],"evaluating":[49],"volumes":[51],"yet":[54],"current":[55],"literature":[56,73],"on":[57],"their":[58],"use":[59],"this":[61],"context":[62],"pharmacy":[64,139,184,242],"informatics":[65,185],"not":[67],"well":[68],"characterized.":[69],"METHODS:":[70],"A":[71],"systematic":[72],"review":[74,174],"was":[75],"conducted":[76],"evaluate":[78],"relevant":[79],"publications":[80,101],"within":[81],"four":[82],"domains":[83],"(cancer,":[84],"pharmacy,":[85],"AI":[86,151,180,239],"methods,":[87],"population":[88],"science)":[89],"across":[90],"PubMed,":[91],"EMBASE,":[92],"Scopus,":[93],"the":[95,138,177,193,217,246],"Cochrane":[96],"Library":[97],"included":[99],"all":[100],"indexed":[102],"between":[103],"July":[104],"17,":[105],"2008,":[106],"December":[108],"31,":[109],"2018.":[110],"search":[112],"returned":[113],"3,271":[114],"publications,":[115],"were":[117,123,153],"evaluated":[118],"for":[119,129,183,211,229],"inclusion.":[120],"RESULTS:":[121],"There":[122,224],"36":[124],"studies":[125],"that":[126,176],"met":[127],"criteria":[128],"full-text":[130],"abstraction.":[131],"Of":[132],"those,":[133],"only":[134],"45%":[135],"specifically":[136],"identified":[137],"source,":[141],"55%":[143],"specified":[144],"drug":[145,148],"agents":[146],"or":[147],"classes.":[149],"Multiple":[150],"used;":[154],"25%":[155],"used":[156,161],"machine":[157],"learning":[158],"(ML),":[159],"67%":[160],"natural":[162],"language":[163],"(NLP),":[165],"8%":[167],"combined":[168],"ML":[169],"NLP.":[171],"CONCLUSION:":[172],"This":[173],"demonstrates":[175],"application":[178],"research":[189],"expanding.":[191],"sources":[195,235],"representations":[197],"often":[199,222],"missing,":[200],"challenging":[201],"study":[202],"replicability.":[203],"In":[204],"addition,":[205],"there":[206],"no":[208],"consistent":[209],"format":[210],"reporting":[212],"results,":[213],"one":[215],"preferred":[218],"metrics,":[219],"F-score,":[220],"missing.":[223],"resultant":[227],"need":[228],"greater":[230],"transparency":[231],"original":[233],"performance":[237],"with":[241],"improve":[245],"translation":[247],"results":[250],"into":[251],"meaningful":[252],"outcomes.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}
