{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3102465578","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7","title":"Images of the unseen: extrapolating visual representations for abstract and concrete words in a data-driven computational model","display_name":"Images of the unseen: extrapolating visual representations for abstract and concrete words in a data-driven computational model","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3102465578","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7","mag":"3102465578","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33180152","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9674750"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35819839","display_name":"Psychological Research","issn_l":"0033-3026","issn":["0033-3026","0340-0727","1430-2772"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085589914","display_name":"Fritz G\u00fcnther","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9205-6786","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9205-6786"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fritz G\u00fcnther","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany. fritz.guenther@uni-tuebingen.de","University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9205-6786","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany. fritz.guenther@uni-tuebingen.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050403420","display_name":"Marco A. Petilli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9948-0029","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9948-0029"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","display_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynf4891","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Alessandro Petilli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103023354","display_name":"Alessandra Vergallito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0897-5606","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0897-5606"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","display_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynf4891","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandra Vergallito","raw_affiliation_strings":["NeuroMI, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy","University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NeuroMI, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073018684","display_name":"Marco Marelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5831-5441","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5831-5441"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","display_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynf4891","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Marelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["NeuroMI, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy","University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NeuroMI, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085589914"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"],"apc_list":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"apc_paid":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"fwci":2.5887,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89456382,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"86","issue":"8","first_page":"2512","last_page":"2532"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.7060999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.7060999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11883","display_name":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","score":0.11670000106096268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11148","display_name":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","score":0.1006999984383583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grounded-cognition","display_name":"grounded cognition","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstract-concepts","display_name":"abstract concepts","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concrete-words","display_name":"concrete words","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-representation","display_name":"visual representation","score":0.44200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-representation","display_name":"semantic representation","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistic-experience","display_name":"language experience","score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptual-experience","display_name":"perceptual experience","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-model","display_name":"computational model","score":0.5770000219345093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5954916477203369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5933550000190735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4493371844291687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32458823919296265}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003210","descriptor_name":"Concept Formation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35819839","display_name":"Psychological Research","issn_l":"0033-3026","issn":["0033-3026","0340-0727","1430-2772"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33180152","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33180152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9674750","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9674750/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychol Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:doi:10.17605/osf.io/45hdz","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://osf.io/45hdz","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:boa.unimib.it:10281/296388","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10281/296388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401259","display_name":"BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","host_organization_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:E01FE-D2B-6BC","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://api.osf.io/v2/nodes/45hdz/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401127","display_name":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"project"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00426-020-01429-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35819839","display_name":"Psychological Research","issn_l":"0033-3026","issn":["0033-3026","0340-0727","1430-2772"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3716397629","display_name":"CAOSS und Transzendenz \u2013 Zur Repr\u00e4sentation und Verarbeitung von Nomenkomposita","funder_award_id":"392225719","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5054683532","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017-1633","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321499","funder_display_name":"Fondazione Cariplo"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321112","display_name":"Eberhard Karls Universit\u00e4t T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321499","display_name":"Fondazione Cariplo","ror":"https://ror.org/01gb56c55"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326078","display_name":"Regione Lombardia","ror":"https://ror.org/020dw9k11"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3102465578.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3102465578.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":106,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47780887","https://openalex.org/W193898724","https://openalex.org/W201937551","https://openalex.org/W1480711868","https://openalex.org/W1486723856","https://openalex.org/W1502139053","https://openalex.org/W1614298861","https://openalex.org/W1662133657","https://openalex.org/W1664311846","https://openalex.org/W1882730916","https://openalex.org/W1951724000","https://openalex.org/W1963882359","https://openalex.org/W1969138120","https://openalex.org/W1969642185","https://openalex.org/W1974991592","https://openalex.org/W1978032914","https://openalex.org/W1983578042","https://openalex.org/W2005665919","https://openalex.org/W2011216281","https://openalex.org/W2018812736","https://openalex.org/W2020468299","https://openalex.org/W2026206872","https://openalex.org/W2036931463","https://openalex.org/W2052417512","https://openalex.org/W2061982926","https://openalex.org/W2062819913","https://openalex.org/W2065548002","https://openalex.org/W2069069995","https://openalex.org/W2082629892","https://openalex.org/W2084015864","https://openalex.org/W2107019937","https://openalex.org/W2108096958","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2112184938","https://openalex.org/W2113772582","https://openalex.org/W2115736534","https://openalex.org/W2115970844","https://openalex.org/W2117352571","https://openalex.org/W2117999309","https://openalex.org/W2125001590","https://openalex.org/W2129191002","https://openalex.org/W2131829566","https://openalex.org/W2140690392","https://openalex.org/W2141845152","https://openalex.org/W2150375089","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2154406326","https://openalex.org/W2155870214","https://openalex.org/W2155988679","https://openalex.org/W2160310735","https://openalex.org/W2161418887","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2165512980","https://openalex.org/W2167293745","https://openalex.org/W2168217710","https://openalex.org/W2173520492","https://openalex.org/W2219906652","https://openalex.org/W2241137415","https://openalex.org/W2251410821","https://openalex.org/W2251803266","https://openalex.org/W2309056208","https://openalex.org/W2339857540","https://openalex.org/W2345288146","https://openalex.org/W2345836734","https://openalex.org/W2415973339","https://openalex.org/W2494679296","https://openalex.org/W2497061969","https://openalex.org/W2507274780","https://openalex.org/W2564591810","https://openalex.org/W2567682148","https://openalex.org/W2578731660","https://openalex.org/W2579313781","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2585292421","https://openalex.org/W2601529995","https://openalex.org/W2735318979","https://openalex.org/W2766435878","https://openalex.org/W2771453755","https://openalex.org/W2774486220","https://openalex.org/W2779206865","https://openalex.org/W2805754451","https://openalex.org/W2810597146","https://openalex.org/W2845593847","https://openalex.org/W2882319491","https://openalex.org/W2890073522","https://openalex.org/W2891093205","https://openalex.org/W2950133940","https://openalex.org/W2952116081","https://openalex.org/W2962785568","https://openalex.org/W2963173190","https://openalex.org/W2963567641","https://openalex.org/W2970342086","https://openalex.org/W2972680241","https://openalex.org/W2976943543","https://openalex.org/W2979090965","https://openalex.org/W2981198799","https://openalex.org/W2982116886","https://openalex.org/W2992265244","https://openalex.org/W2997081858","https://openalex.org/W2999813825","https://openalex.org/W3006284672","https://openalex.org/W3031473178","https://openalex.org/W3081262904","https://openalex.org/W3081636091","https://openalex.org/W3108298257","https://openalex.org/W3133456142"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4301397757","https://openalex.org/W7158105473","https://openalex.org/W7006056106","https://openalex.org/W2808661363","https://openalex.org/W2161337931","https://openalex.org/W2611404298","https://openalex.org/W7128405050","https://openalex.org/W2766435878","https://openalex.org/W2955154525","https://openalex.org/W2785596580"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Theories":[0],"of":[1,37,45,224,227],"grounded":[2,9],"cognition":[3],"assume":[4],"that":[5,51,73,85,117,185,231],"conceptual":[6],"representations":[7,57,99,123,133,149],"are":[8],"in":[10,79,189,222],"sensorimotor":[11,29],"experience.":[12],"However,":[13],"abstract":[14,38,151,198,213,228],"concepts":[15,39],"such":[16,28],"as":[17],"jealousy":[18],"or":[19],"childhood":[20],"have":[21,219],"no":[22],"directly":[23],"associated":[24],"referents":[25],"with":[26,165,191],"which":[27],"experience":[30,67,94,105,238],"can":[31,76,233],"be":[32,77],"made;":[33],"therefore,":[34],"the":[35,62,69,156,172,176,196,211,225],"grounding":[36,226],"has":[40],"long":[41],"been":[42],"a":[43,80,113,179],"topic":[44],"debate.":[46],"Here,":[47],"we":[48,111,162,232,244],"propose":[49],"(a)":[50],"systematic":[52],"relations":[53,75],"exist":[54],"between":[55],"semantic":[56],"learned":[58,78],"from":[59,91,125,135],"language":[60,129],"on":[61,68],"one":[63],"hand":[64],"and":[65,83,142,152,178,208],"perceptual":[66,98,140],"other":[70],"hand,":[71],"(b)":[72],"these":[74,166],"bottom-up":[81],"fashion,":[82],"(c)":[84],"it":[86],"is":[87,106,118],"possible":[88,241],"to":[89,95,120,239],"extrapolate":[90],"this":[92],"learning":[93],"predict":[96],"expected":[97],"for":[100,150,195,204,210],"words":[101,154],"even":[102,194],"where":[103],"direct":[104],"missing.":[107],"To":[108],"test":[109],"this,":[110],"implement":[112],"data-driven":[114],"computational":[115],"model":[116,177,192],"trained":[119],"map":[121],"language-based":[122,148],"(obtained":[124,134],"text":[126],"corpora,":[127],"representing":[128,139],"experience)":[130],"onto":[131,147],"vision-based":[132],"an":[136],"image":[137,173],"database,":[138],"experience),":[141],"apply":[143],"its":[144],"mapping":[145],"function":[146],"concrete":[153,206],"outside":[155],"training":[157],"set.":[158],"In":[159],"three":[160],"experiments,":[161],"present":[163],"participants":[164],"words,":[167,229],"accompanied":[168],"by":[169,175],"two":[170],"images:":[171],"predicted":[174],"random":[180],"control":[181],"image.":[182],"Results":[183],"show":[184],"participants'":[186],"judgements":[187],"were":[188],"line":[190],"predictions":[193],"most":[197],"words.":[199],"This":[200],"preference":[201],"was":[202],"stronger":[203],"more":[205,212],"items":[207],"decreased":[209],"ones.":[214],"Taken":[215],"together,":[216],"our":[217,236],"findings":[218],"substantial":[220],"implications":[221],"support":[223],"suggesting":[230],"tap":[234],"into":[235],"previous":[237],"create":[240],"visual":[242],"representation":[243],"don't":[245],"have.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}