{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3101780997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22111/tpnms.2020.35575.1197","title":"Efficiency enhancement in a triangular solar flat plate collector by using Al2O3-water nanofluids: An experimental study","display_name":"Efficiency enhancement in a triangular solar flat plate collector by using Al2O3-water nanofluids: An experimental study","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3101780997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22111/tpnms.2020.35575.1197","mag":"3101780997"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:3101780997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22111/tpnms.2020.35575.1197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://chal.usb.ac.ir/article_5749_30d966eae81ea36822e26989e2c35e3e.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306505924","display_name":"Challenges in Nano and Micro Scale Science and Technology","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Challenges in Nano and Micro Scale Science and Technology","raw_type":null},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W3101780997"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086260438","display_name":"Mojtaba Moravej","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6847-3099","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6847-3099"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55547365","display_name":"Payame Noor University","ror":"https://ror.org/031699d98","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55547365"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mojtaba Moravej","raw_affiliation_strings":["Payame Noor University, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6847-3099","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Payame Noor University, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55547365"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086260438"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55547365"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"99","last_page":"108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10905","display_name":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10905","display_name":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11945","display_name":"Heat Transfer Mechanisms","score":0.017999999225139618,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":0.009600000455975533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/al2o3-water-nanofluid","display_name":"Al2O3-water nanofluid","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-collector-efficiency","display_name":"solar collector efficiency","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanofluid-concentration","display_name":"nanofluid concentration","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-rate-effects","display_name":"flow rate effects","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-constant","display_name":"time constant","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pressure-drop","display_name":"pressure drop","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-water-heater","display_name":"solar water heater","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiral-tube","display_name":"spiral tube","score":0.5440000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21946209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1989679","display_name":"Nanofluid","level":3,"score":0.9372608661651611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114088122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261069","display_name":"Pressure drop","level":2,"score":0.7487034201622009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6091729402542114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50406533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1452104","display_name":"Thermal efficiency","level":3,"score":0.5889794230461121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172120300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134348","display_name":"Volumetric flow rate","level":2,"score":0.5742707252502441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.4830351769924164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.47444474697113037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777551473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2093072","display_name":"Tube (container)","level":2,"score":0.47244885563850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988574769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2259545","display_name":"Water flow","level":2,"score":0.44982191920280457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779301550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217236","display_name":"Working fluid","level":2,"score":0.4476451575756073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174128100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846907","display_name":"Spiral (railway)","level":2,"score":0.44680866599082947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781345722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5308388","display_name":"Drop (telecommunication)","level":2,"score":0.42946910858154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.36296480894088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.2940838932991028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.23171576857566833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.2059333324432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2056228518486023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1953374743461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15456846356391907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14545133709907532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:3101780997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22111/tpnms.2020.35575.1197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://chal.usb.ac.ir/article_5749_30d966eae81ea36822e26989e2c35e3e.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306505924","display_name":"Challenges in Nano and Micro Scale Science and Technology","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Challenges in Nano and Micro Scale Science and Technology","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9090999960899353},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.6618000268936157}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3023497529","https://openalex.org/W1966888642","https://openalex.org/W2886090290","https://openalex.org/W3107783773","https://openalex.org/W2806095538","https://openalex.org/W3044678391","https://openalex.org/W2794027211","https://openalex.org/W2586852446","https://openalex.org/W4408450811","https://openalex.org/W2409828951"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"research,":[2],"a":[3,9,127,171,176],"flat":[4],"plate":[5],"solar":[6,32,105,142],"collector":[7,33,143],"with":[8],"triangular":[10,31,104,141],"geometry,":[11],"which":[12,77],"is":[13],"designed":[14],"and":[15,20,37,55,63,65,89,91,98,112,133,165,175,204],"built":[16],"by":[17],"the":[18,23,44,47,50,103,115,118,124,166,188,192,198],"author":[19],"based":[21,82],"on":[22,83],"ASHRAE93-2010":[24],"standard,":[25],"has":[26,34,38,78,126],"been":[27,75,79],"experimentally":[28,81],"studied.":[29],"The":[30,152],"no":[35],"riser":[36],"spiral":[39],"tubes":[40],"containing":[41],"fluid":[42],"from":[43,69],"inlet":[45],"to":[46,71,108,114,123],"outlet":[48],"of":[49,60,117,160,173,179],"collector.":[51],"To":[52],"study":[53],"water":[54,131,161],"Al2O3-water":[56],"nanofluid":[57],"in":[58,121,148,186,191],"concentrations":[59],"0.1,":[61],"0.2":[62],"0.3%":[64,174],"different":[66],"flow":[67,149,177],"rates":[68],"0.0063":[70],"0.0378":[72,180],"lit/s":[73],"have":[74],"used,":[76],"studied":[80],"environmental":[84],"criteria":[85],"such":[86,95],"as":[87,96],"temperature":[88],"radiation":[90],"effective":[92],"thermal":[93],"parameters":[94],"concentration":[97,172],"flow.":[99],"Studies":[100],"show":[101],"that":[102,197],"collector,":[106,193],"due":[107,113],"its":[109],"stable":[110],"geometry":[111],"reduction":[116],"tube":[119],"length":[120],"relation":[122],"area,":[125],"suitable":[128],"performance":[129],"for":[130,140],"heaters":[132],"can":[134],"also":[135],"be":[136],"used.":[137],"Time":[138],"constant":[139],"was":[144,162,181,195,201],"between":[145],"2.5-4.5":[146],"minutes":[147],"rate":[150,178],"ranges.":[151],"average":[153],"efficiency":[154,168],"increase":[155],"when":[156],"using":[157],"nanofluids":[158],"instead":[159],"about":[163],"12.4%":[164],"maximum":[167],"obtained":[169],"at":[170],"more":[182],"than":[183,206],"68.3%.":[184],"Also,":[185],"measuring":[187],"pressure":[189,199],"drop":[190,200],"it":[194],"found":[196],"very":[202],"small":[203],"less":[205],"0.1":[207],"bar.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}