{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3101072467","doi":null,"title":"The Origin of the Brightest Cluster Galaxies","display_name":"The Origin of the Brightest Cluster Galaxies","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-09-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3101072467","mag":"3101072467"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.256.6679","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.256.6679","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9709102v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004996526","display_name":"John Dubinski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-0732","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-0732"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110940","display_name":"Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/0265wc016","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I4210110940"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John Dubinski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, McLennan Labs, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H8, Canada","www.cita.utoronto.ca ~ dubinski"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, McLennan Labs, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I4210110940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"www.cita.utoronto.ca ~ dubinski","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141545492","display_name":"Mclennan Labs","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mclennan Labs","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004996526"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I4210110940"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":218,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10039","display_name":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightest-cluster-galaxies","display_name":"brightest cluster galaxies","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galaxy-cluster-formation","display_name":"galaxy cluster formation","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-collapse","display_name":"cluster collapse","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-mergers","display_name":"hierarchical merging","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/massive-elliptical-galaxies","display_name":"giant elliptical galaxies","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-galaxies","display_name":"central galaxies","score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galaxy-structure","display_name":"galaxy structure","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galaxy-kinematics","display_name":"galaxy kinematics","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmological-n-body-simulations","display_name":"cosmological N-body simulations","score":0.9350000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8413599729537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.797317624092102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152268414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151284","display_name":"Brightest cluster galaxy","level":4,"score":0.7620775699615479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C871022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184348","display_name":"Elliptical galaxy","level":3,"score":0.6341747641563416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134122466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192078","display_name":"Lenticular galaxy","level":4,"score":0.6338782906532288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156055797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204107","display_name":"Galaxy cluster","level":3,"score":0.5857765078544617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22540661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644507","display_name":"Interacting galaxy","level":4,"score":0.5839264392852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.5524348020553589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165641701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2014003","display_name":"Peculiar galaxy","level":5,"score":0.5435705780982971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160147972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204107","display_name":"Galaxy group","level":4,"score":0.5084001421928406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205327720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5518150","display_name":"Galaxy merger","level":4,"score":0.4569878578186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127529279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637450","display_name":"Velocity dispersion","level":3,"score":0.4389832019805908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174802034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1995140","display_name":"Galaxy formation and evolution","level":3,"score":0.4267783463001251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172119930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150541","display_name":"Disc","level":4,"score":0.41510143876075745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98444146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318","display_name":"Galaxy","level":2,"score":0.30315470695495605}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.256.6679","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.256.6679","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9709102v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.756.7458","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.756.7458","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9709102.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cds.cern.ch:333665","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cds.cern.ch/record/333665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402195","display_name":"CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14877335","https://openalex.org/W1532082951","https://openalex.org/W1607535394","https://openalex.org/W1966487937","https://openalex.org/W1973947838","https://openalex.org/W1977007813","https://openalex.org/W1978219874","https://openalex.org/W1979176170","https://openalex.org/W1981189137","https://openalex.org/W1985523939","https://openalex.org/W1987799421","https://openalex.org/W1989533263","https://openalex.org/W1992525662","https://openalex.org/W1993315583","https://openalex.org/W1993324202","https://openalex.org/W1994483112","https://openalex.org/W1999367759","https://openalex.org/W2002744832","https://openalex.org/W2005977183","https://openalex.org/W2009787078","https://openalex.org/W2019362517","https://openalex.org/W2030326695","https://openalex.org/W2031297521","https://openalex.org/W2032469582","https://openalex.org/W2033184147","https://openalex.org/W2033196817","https://openalex.org/W2038156356","https://openalex.org/W2040937267","https://openalex.org/W2041542911","https://openalex.org/W2042516441","https://openalex.org/W2044035811","https://openalex.org/W2046842734","https://openalex.org/W2048179173","https://openalex.org/W2050313257","https://openalex.org/W2055327934","https://openalex.org/W2056903171","https://openalex.org/W2060448616","https://openalex.org/W2065234195","https://openalex.org/W2066720765","https://openalex.org/W2068229490","https://openalex.org/W2080259687","https://openalex.org/W2082569525","https://openalex.org/W2106409750","https://openalex.org/W2113008781","https://openalex.org/W2117787535","https://openalex.org/W2131442088","https://openalex.org/W2148534881","https://openalex.org/W2167098341","https://openalex.org/W2171582647","https://openalex.org/W2948507243","https://openalex.org/W3021789916","https://openalex.org/W3103987558","https://openalex.org/W4212809825"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097588285","https://openalex.org/W7096148675","https://openalex.org/W14877335","https://openalex.org/W3111338814","https://openalex.org/W7098485198","https://openalex.org/W1623969744","https://openalex.org/W7098513909","https://openalex.org/W3011361689","https://openalex.org/W146006875","https://openalex.org/W2113032672"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"clusters":[1],"and":[2,17,34,63],"groups":[3],"of":[4,23,36,45],"galaxies":[5,27],"contain":[6],"a":[7,40,55],"giant":[8],"elliptical":[9,58],"galaxy":[10,59],"in":[11],"their":[12],"centres":[13],"which":[14],"far":[15],"outshines":[16],"outweighs":[18],"normal":[19],"ellipticals.":[20],"The":[21],"origin":[22],"these":[24],"brightest":[25],"cluster":[26,46],"is":[28],"intimately":[29],"related":[30],"to":[31],"the":[32,37],"collapse":[33],"formation":[35],"cluster.":[38],"Using":[39],"large":[41],"cosmological":[42],"N-body":[43],"simulation":[44],"collapse,":[47],"we":[48],"show":[49],"how":[50],"hierarchical":[51],"merging":[52],"naturally":[53],"produces":[54],"giant,":[56],"central":[57],"with":[60],"observed":[61],"structural":[62],"kinematical":[64],"properties.":[65]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}
