{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3100727768","doi":null,"title":"Probing Primordial and Pre-Galactic Lithium with High Velocity Clouds","display_name":"Probing Primordial and Pre-Galactic Lithium with High Velocity Clouds","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3100727768","mag":"3100727768"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.317.9262","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.317.9262","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0412238v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tijana Prodanovi\u0107","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tijana Prodanovi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Theoretical Astrophysics, Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Theoretical Astrophysics, Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Brian D. Fields","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian D. Fields","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Theoretical Astrophysics, Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Theoretical Astrophysics, Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10039","display_name":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","score":0.7318999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10039","display_name":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","score":0.7318999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10477","display_name":"Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies","score":0.12470000237226486,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.050700001418590546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lithium","display_name":"lithium","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-velocity-clouds","display_name":"high-velocity clouds","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primordial-lithium","display_name":"primordial lithium","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-bang-nucleosynthesis","display_name":"big bang nucleosynthesis","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galactic-halo","display_name":"Galactic halo","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-metallicity-gas","display_name":"low-metallicity gas","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lithium-isotopes","display_name":"lithium isotopes","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deuterium","display_name":"deuterium","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stellar-atmosphere-modeling","display_name":"stellar atmosphere modeling","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-ray-acceleration","display_name":"cosmic ray acceleration","score":0.36000001430511475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8833603858947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.8089150786399841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48387981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631379","display_name":"Galactic halo","level":4,"score":0.7661959528923035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99465377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217030","display_name":"Metallicity","level":3,"score":0.6917062401771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555520305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321","display_name":"Milky Way","level":3,"score":0.673841118812561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111309251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11547","display_name":"Cosmic ray","level":2,"score":0.5519718527793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.5493859052658081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4397270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471702","display_name":"Nucleosynthesis","level":3,"score":0.5041097402572632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77077793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336019","display_name":"Abundance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.4348292350769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196939603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41872","display_name":"Interstellar medium","level":3,"score":0.4334893524646759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778541603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152763","display_name":"Lithium (medication)","level":2,"score":0.4233665466308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150846664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7602306","display_name":"Stars","level":2,"score":0.42307528853416443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125857072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16744","display_name":"Star formation","level":3,"score":0.4195253252983093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68944897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428867","display_name":"Abundance of the chemical elements","level":3,"score":0.4119175970554352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184665706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186310","display_name":"Halo","level":3,"score":0.40881669521331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98444146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318","display_name":"Galaxy","level":2,"score":0.3363295793533325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.317.9262","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.317.9262","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0412238v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cds.cern.ch:810146","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cds.cern.ch/record/810146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402195","display_name":"CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525919886","https://openalex.org/W1965491895","https://openalex.org/W1966826355","https://openalex.org/W1971880189","https://openalex.org/W1971923961","https://openalex.org/W1974457107","https://openalex.org/W1977457396","https://openalex.org/W1990046246","https://openalex.org/W1991273494","https://openalex.org/W1998011956","https://openalex.org/W2002751119","https://openalex.org/W2006442043","https://openalex.org/W2010549217","https://openalex.org/W2011553402","https://openalex.org/W2016999737","https://openalex.org/W2019282255","https://openalex.org/W2024295294","https://openalex.org/W2036110426","https://openalex.org/W2036623220","https://openalex.org/W2041609283","https://openalex.org/W2046029142","https://openalex.org/W2072316364","https://openalex.org/W2089289086","https://openalex.org/W2090379141","https://openalex.org/W2118265220","https://openalex.org/W2123924478","https://openalex.org/W2125460875","https://openalex.org/W2154797955","https://openalex.org/W3100302987","https://openalex.org/W3102817224","https://openalex.org/W3111920515","https://openalex.org/W4300680226"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156024419","https://openalex.org/W1993427953","https://openalex.org/W2015471205","https://openalex.org/W2166866667","https://openalex.org/W1967496472","https://openalex.org/W7171825093","https://openalex.org/W2102795816","https://openalex.org/W2016521296","https://openalex.org/W3101051331","https://openalex.org/W2008644433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,13,166],"pre-Galactic":[1,84],"abundance":[2,16,62,145],"of":[3,72,159,168],"lithium":[4],"offers":[5],"a":[6,79],"unique":[7],"window":[8],"into":[9],"non-thermal":[10],"cosmological":[11],"processes.":[12],"primordial":[14],"Li":[15,31,49,116,127,144,149,161,172],"is":[17,33,174],"guaranteed":[18],"to":[19,35,70,93,108,163],"be":[20,53,94],"present":[21],"and":[22,75,102,129,141,170,176],"probes":[23],"big":[24],"bang":[25],"nucleosynthesis":[26],"(BBN),":[27],"while":[28],"an":[29,120],"additional":[30],"component":[32],"likely":[34,92],"have":[36,105,109],"been":[37,106],"produced":[38],"by":[39],"cosmic":[40,164],"rays":[41],"accelerated":[42],"in":[43,55,118],"large":[44],"scale":[45],"structure":[46],"formation.":[47],"Pre-Galactic":[48],"currently":[50],"can":[51],"only":[52],"observed":[54],"low":[56],"metallicity":[57],"Galactic":[58],"halo":[59,142],"stars,":[60],"but":[61],"measurements":[63],"are":[64,91],"plagued":[65],"with":[66,113],"systematic":[67],"uncertainties":[68],"due":[69,162],"modeling":[71],"stellar":[73],"atmospheres":[74],"convection.":[76],"We":[77],"propose":[78],"new":[80,132],"site":[81],"for":[82,156],"measuring":[83],"Li:":[85],"low-metallicity,":[86],"high-velocity":[87],"clouds":[88],"(HVCs)":[89],"which":[90,103],"extragalactic":[95,126],"gas":[96],"accreted":[97],"onto":[98],"the":[99,124,135,152,157],"Milky":[100],"Way,":[101],"already":[104],"found":[107],"deuterium":[110],"abundances":[111,173],"consistent":[112],"primordial.":[114],"A":[115],"observation":[117],"such":[119],"HVC":[121,148],"would":[122],"provide":[123],"first":[125],"measurement,":[128],"could":[130,150],"shed":[131],"light":[133],"on":[134],"apparent":[136],"discrepancy":[137],"between":[138],"BBN":[139],"predictions":[140],"star":[143],"determinations.":[146],"Furthermore,":[147],"at":[151],"same":[153],"time":[154],"test":[155],"presence":[158],"non-primordial":[160],"rays.":[165],"observability":[167],"elemental":[169],"isotopic":[171],"discussed,":[175],"candidate":[177],"sites":[178],"identified.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}