{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3099700263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-20-2022-re","title":"Pythium spp. Associated with Root Rot and Stunting of Winter Wheat in North Carolina","display_name":"Pythium spp. Associated with Root Rot and Stunting of Winter Wheat in North Carolina","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3099700263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-20-2022-re","mag":"3099700263","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33210972"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1094/pdis-09-20-2022-re","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-20-2022-re","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-20-2022-re","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135458494","display_name":"Plant Disease","issn_l":"0191-2917","issn":["0191-2917","1943-7692"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320276","host_organization_name":"American Phytopathological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320276"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Phytopathological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plant Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047266830","display_name":"Ella R. Reeves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3783-1927","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3783-1927"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ella R. Reeves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3783-1927","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019076457","display_name":"James P. Kerns","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1980-0126","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1980-0126"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James P. Kerns","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059458995","display_name":"Christina Cowger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-2541","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-2541"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christina Cowger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695","United States Department of Agriculture\u2013Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC 27695"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-2541","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Department of Agriculture\u2013Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC 27695","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081702836","display_name":"Barbara B. Shew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7279-4458","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7279-4458"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara B. Shew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6324,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66246362,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"105","issue":"4","first_page":"986","last_page":"996"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11771","display_name":"Plant Pathogens and Resistance","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11771","display_name":"Plant Pathogens and Resistance","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10825","display_name":"Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12660","display_name":"Plant Disease Management Techniques","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pythium","display_name":"Pythium","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/winter-wheat","display_name":"winter wheat","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-rot","display_name":"root rot","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stunting","display_name":"stunting","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pythium-irregulare","display_name":"Pythium irregulare","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pythium-spinosum","display_name":"Pythium spinosum","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathogenicity","display_name":"pathogenicity","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggression","display_name":"aggression","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-effects","display_name":"temperature effects","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-fertilization","display_name":"nitrogen fertilization","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/species-prevalence","display_name":"species prevalence","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/north-carolina","display_name":"North Carolina","score":0.6769999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.9027179479598999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780644372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2699011","display_name":"Pythium","level":2,"score":0.8446007966995239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777919559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1442077","display_name":"Root rot","level":2,"score":0.8017311096191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47089857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2602702","display_name":"Stratum spinosum","level":3,"score":0.6898804903030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.631550133228302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180032290","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1664296","display_name":"Inoculation","level":2,"score":0.5919766426086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.43854355812072754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.416011244058609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.3315110504627228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.32171404361724854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778370115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2038676","display_name":"Stratum corneum","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006130","descriptor_name":"Growth Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009657","descriptor_name":"North Carolina","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010935","descriptor_name":"Plant Diseases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011775","descriptor_name":"Pythium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014908","descriptor_name":"Triticum","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1094/pdis-09-20-2022-re","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-20-2022-re","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-20-2022-re","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135458494","display_name":"Plant Disease","issn_l":"0191-2917","issn":["0191-2917","1943-7692"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320276","host_organization_name":"American Phytopathological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320276"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Phytopathological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plant Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33210972","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33210972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plant disease","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmid:33988468","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33988468","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plant disease","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.958299994468689,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5265469455","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016-0244/15-8130-0596-CA","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332778","funder_display_name":"Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7167912638","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1017274-NC02720","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/05qx3fv49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332778","display_name":"Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service","ror":"https://ror.org/0599wfz09"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1761044741","https://openalex.org/W1843259802","https://openalex.org/W1939244766","https://openalex.org/W1947285246","https://openalex.org/W1963870023","https://openalex.org/W1971937055","https://openalex.org/W1974942302","https://openalex.org/W1978093996","https://openalex.org/W1981293841","https://openalex.org/W1981620728","https://openalex.org/W1996526515","https://openalex.org/W1999525356","https://openalex.org/W2008147219","https://openalex.org/W2013803436","https://openalex.org/W2016450574","https://openalex.org/W2031662916","https://openalex.org/W2043605260","https://openalex.org/W2060116344","https://openalex.org/W2063787532","https://openalex.org/W2082741149","https://openalex.org/W2090662549","https://openalex.org/W2090879772","https://openalex.org/W2094140605","https://openalex.org/W2100754784","https://openalex.org/W2114037071","https://openalex.org/W2115557909","https://openalex.org/W2120644786","https://openalex.org/W2153963606","https://openalex.org/W2319584657","https://openalex.org/W2326674942","https://openalex.org/W2518529483","https://openalex.org/W2548758151","https://openalex.org/W2586571609","https://openalex.org/W2769859390","https://openalex.org/W2884234241","https://openalex.org/W2891551691","https://openalex.org/W2893686598","https://openalex.org/W2969050919","https://openalex.org/W2991721633","https://openalex.org/W3007958652"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2884234241","https://openalex.org/W4246641315","https://openalex.org/W3094775511","https://openalex.org/W2094140605","https://openalex.org/W2100754784","https://openalex.org/W1993064582","https://openalex.org/W2115557909","https://openalex.org/W7215072328","https://openalex.org/W2095088739","https://openalex.org/W2600323760"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,133],"eastern":[1],"North":[2],"Carolina,":[3],"mild":[4],"to":[5,92],"severe":[6,93,180,191],"stunting":[7],"and":[8,41,73,90,111,124,143,145,159,187,194,199],"root":[9,26,164,181],"rot":[10,27,165,182],"have":[11],"reduced":[12],"yields":[13],"of":[14,25,28,50,87,95,102,106,120,136,156,161,206],"winter":[15],"wheat,":[16],"especially":[17],"during":[18],"years":[19],"with":[20,66,84,197],"abundant":[21],"rainfall.":[22],"Causal":[23],"agents":[24],"wheat":[29,56,121],"in":[30,59,172],"this":[31],"region":[32],"were":[33,52,64,82,128,174],"previously":[34],"identified":[35],"as":[36],"Pythium":[37,51,168],"irregulare,":[38,108],"P.":[39,42,67,70,74,107,109,112],"vanterpoolii,":[40,110],"spinosum.":[43],"To":[44],"investigate":[45],"species":[46,63],"prevalence,":[47],"114":[48],"isolates":[49,86,104,127,138,147],"obtained":[53],"from":[54],"symptomatic":[55],"plants":[57],"collected":[58],"eight":[60],"counties.":[61],"Twelve":[62],"recovered,":[65],"irregulare":[68],"(32%),":[69],"vanterpoolii":[71],"(17%),":[72],"spinosum":[75,113],"(16%)":[76],"the":[77,151],"most":[78],"common.":[79],"Pathogenicity":[80],"screens":[81],"performed":[83],"selected":[85],"each":[88,105],"species,":[89],"slight":[91],"necrosis":[94],"young":[96],"roots":[97],"was":[98,114,139,189,203],"observed.":[99],"The":[100,154],"aggressiveness":[101],"five":[103],"compared":[115,196],"on":[116,163],"a":[117],"single":[118],"cultivar":[119],"at":[122,141,150,192],"14\u00b0C,":[123],"very":[125],"aggressive":[126],"found":[129],"within":[130],"all":[131,146,184],"species.":[132],"vitro":[134],"growth":[135],"these":[137],"measured":[140],"14":[142],"20\u00b0C,":[144],"grew":[148],"faster":[149],"warmer":[152],"temperature.":[153],"effects":[155],"varying":[157],"temperatures":[158],"rates":[160],"nitrogen":[162,207],"caused":[166,179],"by":[167],"spp.":[169],"alone":[170],"or":[171],"combination":[173],"investigated.":[175],"All":[176],"inoculation":[177],"treatments":[178],"under":[183],"conditions":[185],"tested,":[186],"disease":[188],"more":[190],"12":[193],"14\u00b0C":[195],"18":[198],"20\u00b0C;":[200],"however,":[201],"there":[202],"no":[204],"effect":[205],"application.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}
