{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3099460752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2020.3.2","title":"Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Trade Wars and Sea-Air Transportati","display_name":"Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Trade Wars and Sea-Air Transportati","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3099460752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2020.3.2","mag":"3099460752"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18559/ebr.2020.3.2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2020.3.2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2020.3.2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764846857","display_name":"Economics and Business Review/The Pozna\u0144 University of Economics Review","issn_l":"1643-5877","issn":["1643-5877","2392-1641","2450-0097"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","cwts-core","ddh","doaj","erih-plus","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Economics and Business Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2020.3.2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081077086","display_name":"Kas\u0131m K\u0130RACI","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-171X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-171X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155859","display_name":"\u0130skenderun Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/052nzqz14","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155859"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kas\u0131m Kirac\u0131","raw_affiliation_strings":["Iskenderun Technical University, Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Department of Aviation Management, Central Campus, 31200, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-171X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Iskenderun Technical University, Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Department of Aviation Management, Central Campus, 31200, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155859"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042832529","display_name":"Ercan Akan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-8290","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-8290"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155859","display_name":"\u0130skenderun Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/052nzqz14","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155859"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akan Ercan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Iskenderun Technical University, Barbaros Hayrettin Faculty of Naval Architecture and Maritime, Maritime Transportation Management Engineering, Central Campus, 31200, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Iskenderun Technical University, Barbaros Hayrettin Faculty of Naval Architecture and Maritime, Maritime Transportation Management Engineering, Central Campus, 31200, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155859"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155859"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.341,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63951549,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"6 (20)","issue":"3","first_page":"23","last_page":"44"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.7006999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.7006999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14213","display_name":"Global Politics and Economy","score":0.07720000296831131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12725","display_name":"Railways and European Transport Policy","score":0.06260000169277191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-war","display_name":"trade war","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maritime-transport","display_name":"maritime transport","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-transport","display_name":"airline industry","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-modes","display_name":"transport modes","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-value","display_name":"trade value","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transportation-costs","display_name":"transportation costs","score":0.5509999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.8372758030891418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987236452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q765633","display_name":"Air transport","level":2,"score":0.7309002876281738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993928250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155930","display_name":"Sea transport","level":2,"score":0.5289627909660339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5232316851615906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4811786115169525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.45725956559181213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.44761472940444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.4442659616470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.4411115050315857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129824826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2630107","display_name":"Granger causality","level":2,"score":0.44059547781944275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.3840881586074829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.2932574152946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08709719777107239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08170226216316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07939738035202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0569133460521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18559/ebr.2020.3.2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2020.3.2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2020.3.2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764846857","display_name":"Economics and Business Review/The Pozna\u0144 University of Economics Review","issn_l":"1643-5877","issn":["1643-5877","2392-1641","2450-0097"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","cwts-core","ddh","doaj","erih-plus","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Economics and Business Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a2a587a126c945319bd2557cbdf9baf3","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a2a587a126c945319bd2557cbdf9baf3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Economics and Business Review, Vol 6, Iss 3, Pp 23-44 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18559/ebr.2020.3.2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2020.3.2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2020.3.2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764846857","display_name":"Economics and Business Review/The Pozna\u0144 University of Economics Review","issn_l":"1643-5877","issn":["1643-5877","2392-1641","2450-0097"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","cwts-core","ddh","doaj","erih-plus","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Economics and Business Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5378999710083008}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533179050","https://openalex.org/W1553647189","https://openalex.org/W1969500443","https://openalex.org/W1972645346","https://openalex.org/W1993400388","https://openalex.org/W1996537770","https://openalex.org/W2008660150","https://openalex.org/W2020722228","https://openalex.org/W2021742191","https://openalex.org/W2030860222","https://openalex.org/W2033787711","https://openalex.org/W2037875185","https://openalex.org/W2060143536","https://openalex.org/W2067402622","https://openalex.org/W2077719312","https://openalex.org/W2078213728","https://openalex.org/W2099182003","https://openalex.org/W2100159459","https://openalex.org/W2100539248","https://openalex.org/W2125537733","https://openalex.org/W2187465510","https://openalex.org/W2194055853","https://openalex.org/W2298442965","https://openalex.org/W2521003536","https://openalex.org/W2561799542","https://openalex.org/W2610507198","https://openalex.org/W2639148822","https://openalex.org/W2729488183","https://openalex.org/W2794062834","https://openalex.org/W2796491789","https://openalex.org/W2800288383","https://openalex.org/W2885296121","https://openalex.org/W2893453262","https://openalex.org/W2899289143","https://openalex.org/W2921750841","https://openalex.org/W2935833591","https://openalex.org/W3021822145"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4404066238","https://openalex.org/W7110468431","https://openalex.org/W2768204629","https://openalex.org/W2594272333","https://openalex.org/W4406160886","https://openalex.org/W4401234546","https://openalex.org/W7039433202","https://openalex.org/W7136604418","https://openalex.org/W7046966787","https://openalex.org/W7133236328"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,55],"aim":[1],"of":[2,17,58,64,74],"this":[3,23],"paper":[4],"is":[5],"to":[6],"empirically":[7],"analyse":[8],"the":[9,12,25,53,59,62,69,87],"relationship":[10,27,67],"between":[11,28,68],"trade":[13,29,70,98],"wars":[14],"and":[15,31,39,72,78,90],"modes":[16,73],"transport":[18,33,75,77,92],"for":[19,37,81],"selected":[20],"countries.":[21],"For":[22],"purpose":[24],"causality":[26,45,66],"value":[30,71],"sea":[32,89],"/":[34],"air":[35,79,91],"transportation":[36],"EU-G20":[38],"US-G20":[40],"countries":[41],"was":[42,47],"examined.":[43],"Panel":[44],"analysis":[46],"used":[48],"as":[49],"a":[50,65],"method":[51],"in":[52],"study.":[54],"empirical":[56],"findings":[57],"study":[60],"show":[61],"existence":[63],"(sea":[76],"transport)":[80],"country":[82],"groups.":[83],"This":[84],"shows":[85],"that":[86],"countries'":[88],"will":[93],"be":[94],"adversely":[95],"affected":[96],"by":[97],"wars.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}