{"id":"https://openalex.org/W309936645","doi":null,"title":"Wintertime for the Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate: Over One Hundred Fifty Years of Human Rights Violations by the United States and the Need for a Reconciliation Involving International Indigenous Human Rights Norms","display_name":"Wintertime for the Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate: Over One Hundred Fifty Years of Human Rights Violations by the United States and the Need for a Reconciliation Involving International Indigenous Human Rights Norms","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W309936645","mag":"309936645"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:open.mitchellhamline.edu:facsch-1480","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/facsch/479","pdf_url":"https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/wmlr/vol39/iss2/4/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196870","display_name":"Mitchell Hamline Open Access (Hamline University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I911846574","host_organization_name":"Hamline University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I911846574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/wmlr/vol39/iss2/4/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000905118","display_name":"Angelique EagleWoman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I911846574","display_name":"Hamline University","ror":"https://ror.org/01bcdmq48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I911846574"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Angelique EagleWoman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mitchell | Hamline School of Law"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mitchell | Hamline School of Law","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I911846574"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000905118"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I911846574"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"2","first_page":"4","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13879","display_name":"Indigenous Peoples' Rights and Law","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13879","display_name":"Indigenous Peoples' Rights and Law","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13864","display_name":"Indigenous Cultures and History","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10749","display_name":"International Law and Human Rights","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-rights-violations","display_name":"human rights violations","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/un-declaration-on-the-rights-of-indigenous-peoples","display_name":"UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigenous-peoples","display_name":"indigenous peoples","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-hatred","display_name":"racial hatred","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-government","display_name":"United States government","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-government","display_name":"state government","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconciliation","display_name":"reconciliation","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colonization","display_name":"colonization","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigenous-rights","display_name":"indigenous rights","score":0.38100001215934753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169437150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8458","display_name":"Human rights","level":2,"score":0.8809769153594971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55958113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169480","display_name":"Indigenous","level":2,"score":0.7246267199516296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86615163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147615","display_name":"International human rights law","level":3,"score":0.6038451194763184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.587036669254303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.5138154625892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780617971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160232","display_name":"Hatred","level":3,"score":0.5104398131370544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22299250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11917765","display_name":"Right to property","level":4,"score":0.4958589971065521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138147947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1183659","display_name":"Declaration","level":2,"score":0.49310919642448425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543595228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1667964","display_name":"Linguistic rights","level":5,"score":0.4916432499885559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.45566290616989136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95691615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3237872","display_name":"Fundamental rights","level":3,"score":0.4357491135597229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779872411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1774161","display_name":"International community","level":3,"score":0.4243358075618744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.15715226531028748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:open.mitchellhamline.edu:facsch-1480","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/facsch/479","pdf_url":"https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/wmlr/vol39/iss2/4/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196870","display_name":"Mitchell Hamline Open Access (Hamline University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I911846574","host_organization_name":"Hamline University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I911846574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open.mitchellhamline.edu:wmlr-1490","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/wmlr/vol39/iss2/4","pdf_url":"https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1490&context=wmlr","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196870","display_name":"Mitchell Hamline Open Access (Hamline University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I911846574","host_organization_name":"Hamline University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I911846574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"William Mitchell Law Review","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:309936645","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2232311_code878955.pdf?abstractid=2232311&mirid=5&type=2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3125340693","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dragonflydezignz.50megs.com/Dakota-38-plus-2/WINTERTIME%20FOR%20SISSETON-WAHPETON%20OYATE.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764629715","display_name":"William Mitchell law review","issn_l":"0270-272X","issn":["0270-272X","1943-0051"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4362724855","host_organization_name":"William Mitchell College of Law","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4362724855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["William Mitchell College of Law"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"William Mitchell law review","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:open.mitchellhamline.edu:facsch-1480","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/facsch/479","pdf_url":"https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/wmlr/vol39/iss2/4/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196870","display_name":"Mitchell Hamline Open Access (Hamline University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I911846574","host_organization_name":"Hamline University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I911846574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4074000120162964}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W309936645.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W309936645.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7027039197","https://openalex.org/W6988016186","https://openalex.org/W6979857377","https://openalex.org/W2950454576","https://openalex.org/W7071405480","https://openalex.org/W4382655829","https://openalex.org/W3008646176","https://openalex.org/W1975682169","https://openalex.org/W573459299","https://openalex.org/W2797497317"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,178,214,261],"article":[1,91,215],"discusses":[2],"the":[3,9,16,22,26,29,33,42,45,58,80,86,90,93,98,102,110,117,124,127,132,135,138,154,159,181,190,203,223,226,230,235,241,247,251,276,280,283],"human":[4,39,81,94,128,166,185,272],"rights":[5,40,82,95,129,167,186,273],"violations":[6],"perpetrated":[7],"against":[8],"Sisseton-Wahpeton":[10,59,87,118,231,277],"Dakota":[11],"peoples":[12,60,278],"leading":[13],"up":[14],"to":[15,32,113,116,208,220,246,253,275],"U.S.-Dakota":[17,284],"War":[18,30],"of":[19,28,44,55,104,126,156,165,173,183,196,200,240,271,282],"1862,":[20],"during":[21],"War,":[23],"and":[24,48,70,120,168,198,229,237,256,268],"in":[25,97,131,180,189,279],"aftermath":[27,281],"continuing":[31],"present":[34],"day.":[35],"In":[36],"discussing":[37],"these":[38,218],"violations,":[41],"role":[43],"U.S.":[46,68,227,244],"government":[47,228],"its":[49,121],"component":[50],"state":[51],"governments":[52],"as":[53,75,109,144],"perpetrators":[54],"abuses":[56,83],"on":[57,101,222],"will":[61,72,216],"be":[62,73,114,141],"examined.":[63],"Racial":[64],"hatred":[65],"by":[66,85],"White":[67],"citizens":[69,155],"officials":[71],"examined":[74],"a":[76,149,170,264],"primary":[77],"motivation":[78],"for":[79,137],"experienced":[84],"peoples.":[88,177],"Finally,":[89],"presents":[92],"outlined":[96,130],"U.N.":[99],"Declaration":[100],"Rights":[103],"Indigenous":[105,176,201,212],"Peoples":[106],"(UN":[107],"DRIP)":[108],"proper":[111],"standards":[112,219],"accorded":[115],"Oyate":[119],"people.":[122],"With":[123],"realization":[125],"UN":[133,192,248],"DRIP,":[134],"future":[136],"SWO":[139,242],"would":[140],"significantly":[142],"brightened,":[143],"when":[145],"spring":[146],"arrives":[147],"after":[148],"long":[150],"winter.":[151],"Over":[152],"time,":[153],"nation-states":[157],"around":[158],"world":[160,204],"have":[161],"broadened":[162],"their":[163],"vision":[164],"developed":[169],"greater":[171],"sense":[172],"compassion":[174],"towards":[175,211],"evolution":[179],"recognition":[182],"collective":[184],"was":[187],"embodied":[188],"2007":[191],"DRIP.":[193],"After":[194],"centuries":[195],"colonization":[197],"exploitation":[199],"peoples,":[202],"community":[205],"has":[206],"begun":[207],"rethink":[209],"treatment":[210,239],"populations.":[213],"bring":[217],"bear":[221],"relationship":[224],"between":[225],"Oyate.":[232],"By":[233],"comparing":[234],"historical":[236,255],"contemporary":[238,257],"under":[243],"law":[245],"DRIP\u2019s":[249],"standards,":[250],"need":[252],"reconcile":[254],"injustices":[258],"is":[259],"highlighted.":[260],"reconciliation":[262],"requires":[263],"more":[265],"compassionate,":[266],"mature,":[267],"wise":[269],"application":[270],"protections":[274],"War.":[285]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-31T07:19:18.363097","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}